2020版高考英语一轮复习Module3TheViolenceofNature练习（含解析）外研版必修3.docx

Module 3The Violence of Nature.话题延读The African elephant,the largest land animal remaining on earth,is of great importance to African ecosystem.Unlike other animals,the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment.As a big plant-eater,it largely shapes the forest-and-savanna(大草原) surroundings in which it lives,therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.It is the elephants great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat.In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day,it kills small trees and under-bushes,and pulls branches off big trees.This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas.In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters.Take the rainforests for example.In their natural state,the spreading branches overhead shut out the sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor.By pulling down trees and eating plants,elephants make open spaces,allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor.In such situations the forests become suitable for large hoofed plant-eaters to move around and for small plant-eaters to get their food as well.What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species.If the elephant disappears,scientists say,many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna,greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.1.What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean?A.Improving the quality.B.Worsening the state.C.Fixing the time. D.Deciding the conditions.2.The passage is developed mainly by .A.showing the effect and then explaining the causesB.giving examplesC.pointing out similarities and differencesD.describing the changes in time order3.What is the passage mainly about?A.Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.B.The eating habit of African elephants.C.Disappearance of African elephants.D.The effect of African elephants search for food.4.What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?A.They are home to many endangered animals.B.They result from the destruction of rainforests.C.They are attractive to plant-eating animals of different kinds.D.They provide food mainly for African elephants.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。非洲象对非洲森林和大草原的生态系统十分重要,它们的觅食对生态环境有很大影响。现在,令科学家们担忧的是,非洲象正濒临灭绝,这也就意味着整个非洲的生态系统正在遭受威胁。答案及剖析:1.D词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知,非洲象对非洲的生态系统十分重要,它们在很大程度上是生态环境的创造者,它们塑造了非洲的森林和大草原的环境。由此可推断出,非洲象决定了在它们的栖息地上生活的其他动物的生存条件。因此,“setting the terms”的意思应为“决定了条件”。故选D。2.A写作手法题。根据文章内容可知,第一段内容主要介绍了非洲象对整个非洲生态环境的重大影响,接下来的三段话主要解释了为什么它们会有这么大的影响。因此全文应是按照先给出结果、再说明原因的方式展开的。故选A。3.D主旨大意题。根据文章内容可判断出,本文主要讲述了非洲象对非洲森林和大草原的生态系统的重要性,它们的觅食对生态环境有很大影响。故选D。4.C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters.可知,那些开阔的地方对各种食草动物很具吸引力。故选C。.七选五(2018石家庄质检)Everyone can benefit from making an effort to practice gratitude(感激)every day.The following three steps can help you start feeling more grateful,and appreciative of the good things in your life:Notice the Good Things in Your Life1. Pay attention to the small everyday details of your lifenature,people,community,shelter,creature comforts like a warm bed or a good meal.And then start a gratitude journal.Making a commitment to writing down good things each day makes it more likely that we will notice good things as they happen.Enjoy the Feeling of GratitudeThere are moments when you naturally,right then and there,feel filled with gratitude.These are moments when you say to yourself,“Oh,wow,this is amazing!”or “How great this is!”Pause.2. Let it sink in.Enjoy your blessings the moment they happen.Express GratitudeExpressing gratitude is more than being polite.3. Show your appreciation to someone who really did something nice.Say:“It was really kind of you to.”,“You did me a big favor when.”,or“Thank you for being there when.”.4. Hold the door open for the person behind you,even if it means waiting a little longer than you normally would.True gratitude doesnt leave you feeling like you owe other people somethingafter all,if youve done someone a favor,you probably dont want the person to feel like you expect something back in return.5.A.Its about showing your heartfelt appreciation.B.Notice and absorb that feeling of true gratitude.C.You can also express gratitude by doing a kindness.D.Its all about feeling good and creating a cycle of good.E.Start to notice and identify the things you are grateful for.F.Help someone without letting the person find out it was you.G.Its amazing what you notice when you focus on feeling grateful.答案:1-5EBACD.完形填空(2017宁夏银川一模)One rainy evening I went to fill up at the gas station.A preteen boy approached my car with a thick hoodie(连帽衫) 1 around his face.He asked me for money to help him and his mother stay in their hotel for an additional week.He stated that if they did not 2 $25 they would be driven out that 3 evening.Having worked in social services before,and being a little skeptical,I asked how come his mother hadnt sought out social services for 4.The boy said that they needed to 5 in their hotel for one more week until his grandmother,who lived out of town,could take them in.I gave the boy what I had$5.He thanked me and continued to 6 the parking lot asking for help.I got my gas and drove away.A(n) 7 time some weeks ago,a boy asked me for money and I told him I didnt have any 8 I did.The skeptic in me had 9 out.Yet,I thought about it,felt 10 at my skepticism and went 11 the boy to give him a dollar.But it seemed that he had disappeared into thin air.“This time,” I thought,“Ill do it 12.”I reached into my 13 and took out an additional $20;then I returned to the gas station.The boy was 14 there.I observed him 15 approaching strangers who walked past him but took no 16 of him.I pulled up beside a pump and waved 17 the boy to come over.I handed him the $20 bill.He 18 through my car window and gave me a huge hug.His hug told me all I needed to knowthat finally this kid could get out of the 19,the cold and the darkening sky and go inside where it was 20.1.A.hungB.pulledC.shown D.hidden2.A.come up withB.catch up withC.put up with D.feed up with3.A.certainB.possibleC.same D.exact4.A.guidanceB.referenceC.advice D.assistance5.A.remainB.surviveC.keep D.continue6.A.stretch B.clean C.wander D.search7.A.appointedB.separate C.usualD.regular8.A.as B.unless C.because D.though9.A.wornB.turnedC.come D.won10.A.deservedB.ashamedC.relaxed D.worried11.A.looking at B.looking for C.looking on D.looking into12.A.accidentallyB.purposely C.differentlyD.quickly13.A.schoolbag B.walletC.suitcaseD.car14.A.stillB.justC.yetD.even15.A.suddenlyB.bravelyC.reluctantlyD.constantly16.A.accountB.advantageC.controlD.notice17.A.withB.atC.upon D.for18.A.gainedB.heldC.gatheredD.reached19.A.rainB.garageC.hotel D.line20.A.sunnyB.freezingC.warmD.quiet语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在加油站帮助一个乞讨孩子的故事。25美元就能支付一周的房费,给一对母子一个温暖的歇脚的地方。答案及剖析:1.B由最后一段中的“the cold”可知,男孩因天冷将连帽衫拉起来遮住脸,故选pulled。2.A由空后的“driven”可知,此处指男孩和他的母亲若交不上25美元的房费就会被驱赶出去。故选come up with,表示“想出,提出,设法拿出(钱款)”。3.C由下文中的“took out an additional $20;then I returned to the gas station”可知,作者明白这25美元对男孩意义重大,否则他们当晚就会被驱赶出去,故选same。4.D由上文中的“sought out social services”可知,作者反问男孩,为何他的母亲不向社会福利部门求助,故选assistance。5.A由下文中的“for one more week”和“take them in”可知,此处指在男孩的外婆收留他们母子之前他们仍需在宾馆多待一个星期,故选remain“停留,留下”。6.C由上文中的“$25”和“I gave the boy what I had$5.”可知,男孩所需的房费没有凑够,他继续在停车场徘徊,寻求帮助,故选wander“徘徊,闲逛”。7.B由下文中的“some weeks ago”可知,此处指作者回想起几周前一个不同的时间里发生的事,故选separate。8.D根据下文的内容可知,此处指一个男孩向作者要钱,尽管作者有钱,但他却告诉男孩他没钱。前后句之间是让步关系,故选though“尽管”。9.D由上文中的“I told him I didnt have any I did”和“The skeptic in me”可知,此处指作者的疑心最终胜出了,故选择won。win out“(克服困难)获得成功,最终胜出”。10.B由“to give him a dollar.But it seemed.air.”可知,此处指作者虽然因疑心而没有给男孩钱,但内心一直很惭愧,故选