2019_20学年高中英语Unit19LanguageSectionⅠWarm_up.pptx

Unit 19 Language,Body language 【文章导语】 What do you know about body language?Do you know body language is always with us even if you are not aware of it?,We are always using body language in our daily life.When we have a conversation with someone,we may be using more body language than words.However,the same body language may mean different things in different countries.Thats why people sometimes do not understand each other correctly.1Pointing to one part of the body can mean differently in different cultures.2For example,in the USA people point to their heads when they think someone is clever.,However,in Europe it means “He or she is stupid or something is wrong with his or her head”.In our Chinese culture,nodding our head up and down means “yes” and shaking our head from side to side means “no”.However,in parts of India,Greece and Turkey,it means just the opposite.In England or the USA,when you raise your hand and make a circle with the thumb and the second finger,it means “Youre all right or Everything is OK”.However,if we do this in France or Belgium,it means “Youre worth zero”.In Greece or Turkey,we should not make this gesture.Or we are thought to be very rude.,The meaning of body language can also change over time.In the 1960s,the V sign meant “peace”.However,during World War ,it meant “victory”.In Greece,it is a very insulting (污辱性的) sign. Though the meaning of body language is different,there are some expressions having the same meaning throughout the world,such as smiling and crying.,译文 在日常生活中我们一直在使用身体语言。当我们和别人说话时,我们使用的身体语言可能比口头语言还要多。然而,相同的身体语言在不同的国家可能表示不同的含义。那就是有时候人们无法准确理解对方的原因。指向身体的一部分在不同的文化中也表示不同的含义。比如在美国,当美国人认为一个人很聪明的时候会指向自己的头。然而,在欧洲这意味着“他/她很傻或者脑袋有问题”。在我们中国的文化中,点头表示“是”,摇头表示“不”。然而,在印度、希腊和土耳其的部分地方,其意义正好相反。在英国或美国,当你把手举起来,用拇指和食指围成圆圈状,它的意思是“你很好或者一切都不错。”然而,同样的动作在法国或比利时表示“你一文不值”。在希腊或土耳其,我们不应该做出这样的手势。否则别人会认为我们很粗鲁。,身体语言的含义也会随着时间而变化。在20世纪60年代,V形表示“和平”。然而,在二战期间它表示“胜利”。在希腊,这是一个侮辱性的手势。 虽然身体语言的含义有所不同,但是有些表情在全世界具有相同的含义,比如微笑和哭泣。,典句欣赏 1.Thats why people sometimes do not understand each other correctly. 那就是有时候人们无法准确理解对方的原因。 2.Pointing to one part of the body can mean differently in different cultures. 指向身体的一部分在不同的文化中也表示不同的含义。,理解诱思 1.In England,if people point to their heads it means they think someone is . A.clever B.stupid C.rude D.angry 2.In India,if one nods his head up and down,it means he . A.doesnt agree B.agree C.is happy D.is sad 3.In France,if you raise your hand and make a circle with the thumb and the second finger,it means “ ”. A.you are clever B.everything is OK C.it is true D.you are worth nothing,B,A,D,4.Which countrys body language is most different from our usual thinking? A.France. B.England. C.Greece. D.India. 5.What did the V sign mean in the 1960s?,C,It meant “peace”.,Section Warm-up & Lesson 1 Language Learning,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,Pre-reading 一、词义匹配 A B 1.fold a.freedom 2.acquisition b.the subjects that are taught in a school 3.fluency c.the state of being exact or correct 4.accuracy d.in all parts of a country 5.punctuation e.to bend sth.so that one part lies on top of another part 6.royal f.connected with or belonging to the king or queen of a country 7.nationwide g.enough in quantity 8.constitution h.a restaurant in which customers collect their meals on trays from a counter,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,9.liberty i.a set of ideas that explain why sth.happens 10.jungle j.the quality of being able to speak or write a language fluently 11.cafeteria k.the marks used in writing to divide sentences 12.theory l.to make sth.happen faster;to go faster 13.curriculum m.an area of forest 14.adequate n.the act of getting sth.,especially knowledge,a skill,etc. 15.medium o.a way of communicating information 16.accelerate p.the system of laws and basic principles a country is governed by 答案：1.e 2.n 3.j 4.c 5.k 6.f 7.d 8.p 9.a 10.m 11.h 12.i 13.b 14.g 15.o 16.l,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,二、猜词拼写 1. being away from a place 2. to succeed in getting sth.;to reach a particular age,level or condition 3. to make sure 4. to promise;a promise 5. to change sth.to make it more suitable 6. to tell sb.about sth. 7. to be all around 8. grateful and glad about sth.,absent,attain,ensure,guarantee,adjust,inform,surround,thankful,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,9. covering the whole world 10. a general tendency 11. a period of ten years 12. to make sth.bigger;to become bigger 13. a spoken or written statement that informs people of sth. 14. a result you try to achieve;sb.or sth.that people aim at when attacking 15. the crime of stealing,global,trend,decade,enlarge,announcement,target,theft,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,三、词汇拓展 1. n.流利度,流畅度 adj.流利的,流畅的 adv.流利地,流畅地 2. n.精确度,准确度 adj.准确的,精确的 adv.准确地,精确地 3. adj.为感到高兴的;感谢的 (近义词) 4. v.折叠;交叉 v.展开;打开 5. n.缺乏;缺席 adj.缺席的,不在的 adj.出席的,在场的 n.出席,在场 6. n.语言习得 vt.获得,习得 adj.逐渐习得的,fluency,fluent,fluently,accuracy,accurate,accurately,thankful,grateful,fold,unfold,absence,absent,present,presence,acquisition,acquire,acquired,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,7. vt.达到;获得 n.达到,获得 adj.可以达到的,可以获得的 8. vt.环绕,围绕 adj. 周围的 n. 环境 9. n.媒介物;渠道 pl. 10. vt.调节;调整 adj.可调节的 n.调整,调节 11. vt.告知,通知 n.信息 12. n.通告;宣告 vt.宣布,通告,attain,attainment,attainable,surround,surrounding,surroundings,medium,mediums/media,adjust,adjustable,adjustment,inform,information,announcement,announce,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,While-reading 四、短语互译 1. 突出,显眼 2. 取得成功,获得进步 3. 在不在的时候 4. 被环绕/包围 5. 一个讲英语的国家 6. 依靠,依赖 7. 确保 8. 大量的,stand out,get ahead,in/during the absence of或during/in ones absence,be surrounded with/by,an English-speaking country,rely on,make sure,an amount of,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,9.take the form of 10.adjust oneself to 11.inform sb.of sth. 12.as well 13.be worth 14.keep in mind,采取的形式,适应,通知某人某事,也,值得,记住,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,五、阅读课文,选择最佳答案 1.Why have more and more people decided to learn English in recent years? A.Because they think it is cool to know a new language. B.Because English is a compulsory course in schools. C.Because the growth of international companies and the great advance in communications make people realize they need to learn English as a foreign language. D.Because English is easier to master than any other language.,C,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,2.According to some theories,what is the best way to learn a foreign language? A.Learning a foreign language in its native language environment. B.Remembering all the words in the dictionary. C.Practising it in your daily life as much as you can. D.Watching English movies and listening to English songs. 3.What should teachers do to help students learn English in the classroom? A.Let students memorize some English passages. B.Try to explain the English grammar clearly. C.Tell some English jokes to make students interested in English. D.Try to create a rich language environment in the classroom.,A,D,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A.Set achievable targets and ask your friends to motivate you. B.Use all your spare time to study English. C.If you reach a target,treat yourself. D.Learn English with your friends and share learning strategies with each other. 5.When you learn English,what do you need to keep in your mind to stay dedicated? A.Your targets. B.The time you spend on English. C.The reason why you are learning English. D.The methods of studying English.,B,C,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,六、指出下列复合句中的从句并判断其句法功能 1.What he said isnt reasonable. 2.He is no longer what he used to be. 3.We were all surprised by the news that a terrible earthquake happened in Japan. 4.I have no idea what I should do next. 5.He told us that the Earth moves around the Sun.,What he said;主语,what he used to be;表语,that a terrible earthquake happened in Japan;同位语,what I should do next;同位语,that the Earth moves around the Sun;宾语,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,七、用合适的连接词完成下列名词性从句 1. Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. 2.There is clear evidence the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. 3.I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer,which is he never finishes anything. 4.Weve offered her the job,but I dont know shell accept it. 5.His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out it is he is trying to express.,What,that,why,whether,what,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,6.Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach to read first. 7.When the news came the war broke out,he decided to serve in the army. 8.Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases. 9.It is still under discussion the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 10.Before a problem can be solved,it must be obvious the problem itself is.,how,that,that,whether,what,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,Post-reading 八、阅读课文Get ahead with your English,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 It 1. (predict) that as early as the 1700s,English would one day be the global language and it has proved to be the case in the last few decades.The 2. (grow) of international companies and the great advance in communication have started the trend for learning English as a foreign language.In todays world, 3. (be) able to speak more than one language,4. (include) English,is how you stand out and get ahead.,was predicted,growth,being,including,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,However,learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the 5. (absent) of a native language environment.Some 6. (respect) scientists on language 7. (acquire) believe that 8. (attend) a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language,you need to be 9. (surround) by it.But sadly,the chances 10. we will all have the opportunity to live in an English-speaking country are small.Therefore,most of us have to rely on what we can learn at school as part of the school curriculum.,absence,respected,acquisition,to attend,surrounded,that,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1.A person folds his arms across his chest.(Page 5) 一个人双臂交叉在胸前。 考点 fold v.折叠;交叉 【高考典句】(2017全国卷)These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt. 这些小块可以折叠成一个整齐的小背包,系在你的腰带上。 He folded the seeds in a piece of paper. 他用一张纸把种子包起来。 First,fold the paper in two/half. 首先把这张纸对折。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,考点延伸 unfold vt.展开,打开 He unfolded his arms. 他张开双臂。 He unfolded the newspaper and read it. 他展开报纸,读了起来。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,(1)fold以考查词义为主。 (2)fold up 折起;叠好 fold sth.in two/half 把对折 fold sth.in sth.用把包起来,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,2.However,learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.(Page 6,Lines 8-9) 然而,没有英语语言环境,学英语是很难的。 考点 absence n.缺乏;缺席 I shall be in charge in the absence of the manager. 经理不在的时候,由我负责。 The mistake was made due to his absence of mind. 因为他的心不在焉才犯了这个错。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性、词组及含义 A lot of people were absent from the meeting because of the heavy rain. 词性 词组 含义 Most fathers wish to be present at the birth of their children. 词性 词组 含义 He hardly noticed my presence. 词性 含义,形容词,be absent from,缺席,形容词,be present at,在场,出席,名词,出席,在场,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,(1)in the absence of (sb./sth.) 在(人)不在时;在(物)缺乏时 in/during ones absence 在某人不在时 absence of mind心不在焉 absence from class缺课;不在 (2)absent adj.缺席的,不在的;心不在焉的 absent-minded adj.健忘的,心不在焉的 (3)present adj.在场的,出席的,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,3.Some respected theories on language acquisition believe that to attain a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language,you need to be surrounded by it.(Page 6,Lines 9-11) 一些备受尊崇的语言习得理论认为,要想达到高水平的外语流利程度和准确性,你得置身于该语言的环境中。 考点一 acquisition n.(语言)习得 Life is a process about the acquisition of knowledge,wealth and happiness. 生命就是一个获得知识、财富和幸福的过程。 Language acquisition is a long process. 语言的习得是一个很长的过程。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,考点延伸 acquire vt.获得,得到 We should try to acquire good habits. 我们应该努力养成良好的习惯。 We hope to acquire the knowledge in the happiness. 我们希望在快乐中获得知识。,acquisition和acquire主要考查词义。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,考点二 attain vt.达到;获得 India attained independence in 1947,after a long struggle. 印度在长期抗争后,于1947年获得独立。 Most of our students attained five “A” grades in their exams. 我们多数学生的考试成绩是五个A。 The car can attain a speed of up to 200 kph. 这辆车的速度每小时可达200千米。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义 This standard is easily attainable by most students. 词性 含义 The attainment of his ambition is still a dream. 词性 含义,形容词,可达到的,名词,获得,达到,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,(1)attain主要考查词义。 (2)attain ones goal/purpose 达到某人的目标/目的 attain the age of 达到的年龄,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,考点三 fluency n.流利度,流畅度 Fluency in French and Spanish is required for this job. 这个工作要求法语和西班牙语熟练自如。 考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义 She is fluent in Chinese. 词性 含义 Julie was good at German,French and Russian,all of which she spoke fluently. 词性 含义,形容词,流利的,副词,流利地,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,fluency主要考查词义和同根词。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,考点四 accuracy n.精确度,准确度 They questioned the accuracy of the information. 他们质疑信息的准确性。 考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义 I have been convinced that the print media are usually more accurate and more reliable than television. 词性 含义 The article accurately reflects public opinion. 词性 含义,形容词,精确的,准确的,副词,精确地,准确地,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,accurate主要考查词义和相关同根词。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,考点五 surround vt.环绕,围绕 When he became conscious,he found himself surrounded by a lot of people. 当他醒来时,他发现自己被许多人围着。 He likes to surround himself with amusing people. 他喜欢结交有趣的人。 The firemen surrounded the burning building. 消防员们包围了燃烧的建筑物。 The village is surrounded by/with mountains. 这个村子四面环山。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及含义 He lives in the surrounding area. 词性 含义 【高考典句】(2017江苏卷)Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival. 词性 含义,形容词,周围的,附近的,名词,环境,周围的事物,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,(1)surround主要考查词义和单词形式。 (2)surround sth.with sth.用某物把某物围起来 surround oneself with sb./sth.喜欢结交(某类人);喜欢身边总有(某类东西) be surrounded by/with 被包围,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,4.Quality input ensures quality output,whether it is speaking or writing.(Page 6,Lines 19-20) 不管是说还是写,高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。 考点 ensure vt.确保,保证 The medicine will ensure you a good nights sleep. 这药会保证让你睡一夜好觉。 His wife ensured that he took all the pills every day. 他的妻子确保他每天都服下所有的药片。 I cannot ensure his being on time. 我不能保证他会准时。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,【高考典句】(2017浙江卷)Others say its only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation,seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society. 另一些人则认为,新人学习东道国的语言是很自然的,他们认为这是一种确保他们能为社会做出贡献的条件。,(1)ensure主要考查词义。 (2)ensure sth.确保某事 ensure success/safety 确保成功/安全 ensure sb.sth.使(某人)一定得到(某物);保证得到 ensure that. 确保 (3)近义词组:make sure,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,5.Knowing the main stories before reading will guarantee greater comprehension when reading in English.(Page 6,Lines 31-32) 阅读前了解文章大意将会保证你在用英语阅读时理解得更好。 考点 guarantee vt.保证 n.保证,保修单,保修期 Even if you complete your training,I cant guarantee you a job. 即使你完成了培训,我也无法保证你能有工作。 【高考典句】(2016天津卷)Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language. 我们的标准课程保证你在学外语方面的信心会有很大的提高。 I guarantee to pay off his debts. 我保证还清他的债务。 They guarantee the shoes for half a year.That is to say,the shoes have half a years guarantee.So they are still under guarantee. 这鞋子他们保修半年。也就是说,有半年的保修期。所以它们还在保修期内。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,考点延伸 be guaranteed to do sth.肯定会,必定会 If we try to keep it a secret,she is guaranteed to find out. 如果我们试图保密,她肯定会发现。,(1)guarantee的词义和用法都是考点。 (2)guarantee sth.保证某物,保修某物 guarantee sb.sth.保证某人(有)某物 guarantee to do sth.保证做某事 a years guarantee一年的保修期 under guarantee在保修期内 give sb.a guarantee向某人保证,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,6.Watching a favourite DVD,but adjusting the language to English in parts you know well.(Page 6,Lines 33-34) 观看最喜欢的DVD,把你所熟悉的部分的语言调整为英语。 考点 adjust vt.调节;调整;适应 For example,the moment you get on the airplane,start adjusting your biological clock to the destinations time. 例如,当你登上飞机后,你要开始按照目的地的时间调整生物钟。 Adjust your language to the age of your audience. 要根据听众的年龄调整你的语言。 In the new term,most students adjusted themselves to their new teachers very quickly. 在新学期,大多数学生很快就适应了他们的新老师。 Foreigners take some time to adjust to our way of life. 外国人要花一些时间才能适应我们的生活方式。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性和含义 The height of the bicycle seat is adjustable. 词性 含义 Some schools will have to make adjustments in agreement with the national soccer reform. 词性 含义,形容词,可调节的,名词,调整,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,(1)adjust的词义和介词to的搭配以及相关派生词都是考点。 (2)adjust. to. 根据调节 adjust to (doing) sth.适应于;习惯于 adjust oneself to sth.使自己适应于某事,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7.Inform a friend of your targets so they can help motivate you as well.(Page 6,Lines 37-38) 把你的目标告诉朋友,这样他们也会鼓励你。 考点 inform vt.告知,通知 If asked to look after luggage for someone else,inform the police at once. 如果你被要求照看别人的行李,立刻通知警察。 It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. 迈克真是体贴,他通知我们他会迟点来以防我们着急。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,He informed me that he was going to Europe on business. 他告诉我他要因公出差去欧洲。 Please keep me informed of your health. 请随时让我知道你的健康状况。 We need time to inform ourselves of the problem. 我们需要时间了解这个问题。 考点延伸 与“inform sb.of sth.”结构相似的词组还有: accuse sb.of. 因而指控/指责某人 suspect sb.of.怀疑某人 remind sb.of. 使某人想起 warn sb.of. 提醒某人 rob sb.of. 抢了某人,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,(1)inform的词义、用法和派生词都是考点,其中keep rmed of sth.属于难点。 (2)inform sb.of/about sth.通知/告诉某人某事 inform sb.that. 通知/告诉某人 keep rmed of/about 随时向某人报告情况 inform oneself of sth.了解某事 (3)well-informed adj.消息灵通的 ill-informed adj.消息闭塞的 (4)informal adj.非正式的,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,语法指南 名词性从句(Noun Clause) 一、定义 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句,统称为名词性从句。 二、分类 根据它们在句中所起的语法作用,这类从句分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 1.主语从句 引导主语从句的有连词that,whether;连接代词who,whom,whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever;连接副词when,where,how,why等。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,That she passed the exam made him much pleased. 她通过了考试使他很高兴。 Whom your daughter loves is clear now. 你女儿爱谁现在清楚了。 What he needs is more experience. 他所需要的是更多的经验。 When they will