高中英语虚拟语气课件.ppt

,虚拟语气 Subjunctive,如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子 我有一千万吗？ 没有。 所以我仍然没有房子。 如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。 我有翅膀吗？ 没有。 所以我也没办法飞。 如果把整个太平洋的水倒出， 也浇不息我对你爱情的火 整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？ 不行。 所以我并不爱你。,虚拟语气 (the Subjunctive Mood),表示说话人所说的不是事实， 而是一种假设、愿望或推测。,1. the Subjunctive Mood used in If Clauses； 2. inversion used in If Clauses ； 3. the Subjunctive Mood used in the Noun Clauses； 4. some other forms of the Subjunctive Mood； 5. the Subjunctive Mood and the Indicative Mood.,Test Points,虚拟语气的解题思路,1.依据情境，判定虚拟,2.抓住信息词，确定虚拟类别,3.依据时态，确定虚拟句的动词形式,You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drovedidnt get B. had drivenwouldnt have got C. drovewouldnt get D. were drivingwouldnt get,一、掌握虚拟语气的四种主要形式 （1）条件从句+主句 （2）名词性从句中的虚拟语气 （3）wish, as if ,if only 及would rather 的虚拟形式 （4）It is time that 的虚拟形式 二、注意虚拟语气的三种活用现象 （1）含蓄条件句 （2）时间错综句 （3）虚实错综句,虚拟语气 the Subjunctive Mood,had done would/should/could/ might have done did/were 1.should do 2.were to do 3.did,would/should/could /might do,1.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。,If I had one million dollars, I would buy the plane.,2.要是你离开的早一点,你就会赶上公共汽车了.,If you had left earlier, you would have caught the bus.,3.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事。(事实是明天他不会来）,If he came/were to come/should come here tomorrow, I would tell him about it.,条件状语的倒装：,如果从句中有were, had, should时,可以倒装成：Were / Had / Should +主+其他（if省略）,Were I you, I would give AIDS patients a hug.,Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,If I were you, I would give AIDS patients a hug.,If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,1.The rice _ if you had been more careful. A. would not be burning B. would not burn C. would not have burnt D. would not burnt 2.If my lawyer _ here last Saturday, he _ me from going. A. had been ; would have prevented B. had been ; would prevent C. were ; would prevent D. were ; would have prevented 3.I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _ she would have met my brother. A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come 4._ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they have not 5.You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drove ; didnt get B. drove ; wouldnt get C. were driving ; wouldnt get D. had driven ; wouldnt have got,6.If she had worked harder, she _. A. would succeed B. had succeeded C. should succeed D. would have succeed 7. If he _, he _ that food. Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned ; would not take B. had been warned ; would not have taken C. would be warned ; had not taken D. would have been warned ; had not taken 8.If it _ tomorrow, they would not go there by bike. A. will rain B. rains C. would rain D. should rain 9._ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 10.If I _ you, I would not do it. A. am B. were C. shall be D. being,I propose that we (should) set a dead line for handing in the plans. I suggest that we (should) set off at once. I insisted that we (should) decide what to do with him.,虚拟语气形式：(should) + 动词原形,注意:当suggest 作“暗示、表明”解时;insist表示“坚持说、坚持认为”解时不用虚拟！,1)His accent suggests he comes from Hunan.,2)He insisted that he didnt steal the money and that the teacher (should) apologize to him.,1. 动词 + 宾语从句,一个坚持; 两个：insist命令：order, command; 三个建议：suggest, propose, advise; 四个要求：desire, demand, ask, require,4. order 等 + be + 表语从句 5. order 等 + 同位语从句,上述结构中常用的名词有：suggestion, order, proposal, plan, idea, command, request等。,It is better that he (should )set off at once. It is important that everybody (should) be told all the facts.,2. It is (was) + 上述动词的过去分词 + that 主语从句,3. It is (was) + important / necessary / better / strange / surprising / natural / possible / a pity / no wonder + that 主语从句,It is demanded that he (should) leave at once. It is requested that she (should) give a performance at the party.,Our suggestion is that you (should) be first to go. His only request is that you (should) give him more time. Do you know the order that you (should) keep watch?,1.I insist that a doctor _ immediately. A. has been sent for B. sends for C. will be sent for D. be sent for 2.It is suggested that the job _ done in another way. A. was B. was to be C. be D. must be 3.He had an idea that we _ by bike. A. shall go B. go C. went D. would go 4.My suggestion is that the meeting _ off till tomorrow. A. to put B. be put C. should put D. be putting,5.The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free. A. did ; set B. had done ; should be set C. do ; be set D. does ; would be set 6.It is necessary that you _ present at the discussion. A. will be B. are C. should be D. would be 7.The boss gave orders that the work _ at once. A. will be started B. must be started C. be started D. should start 8.The guard there insisted that everybody _ the rules. A. obeys B. obey C. will obey D. would obey,这几个词（词组）表虚拟时，其后所用的虚拟形式与条件从句基本相同，即比陈述语气中的时态后退一个时态。,/would rather,动词过去式（be 多用were）,wish, as if 以及 if only 的虚拟形式：,退一步,海阔天空,wish,did (were) (现在) had done/could have done(表示对过去事情遗憾) (过去) would do (将来),I wish I knew several foreign languages. How I wish I had taken your adivce then. I wish you would visit our school again. I wish I could have slept longer every morning,but I had to get up and come to class.,would rather(sooner/soon),did (were) (现在和将来） had done（过去）,Id rather you had not done that. Dont come tomorrow.I would rather you came again the day after tomorrow. He d rather his children did not make so much noise.,Hope,think,want,expect,plan,intend, suppose,mean. 表示过去不曾实现的愿望.,had done hoped to have done.,He failed the exam again though we all had expected him pass it. I had wanted to write to you earlier but I was too busy then.(I wanted to have written.),as if,did (were) had done would +do,He talks as if he_America before.(去过） He looks as if he _ill. He talks as if he _to the moon some day.(去过）,had been to,were,would go,1.I wish I _ you yesterday. A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see 2.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 3.Id rather that you _ there yesterday and _ again next weekend. A. went ; should come B. should go ; had come C. had gone ; came D. go ; come 4.The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 5. I blamed her yesterday. I would rather you _ that. A. didnt do B. hadnt done C. wouldnt do D. shouldnt do 6. He is a very brave man. Yes. I wish I _ his courage. A. have B. had C. will have D. would have,It is time that 的虚拟形式 It is time that It is high time that It is about time that,It is time 还可以有其他句型形式，需注意辨析：,It is time (for sb.) to do sth. It is the first time that (从句用陈述语气的现在完成时),过去时,should +V.,Its the first time (that) I have helped my mother do the housework.,1.It is high time you _ the bus. A. had caught B. caught C. will catch D. catch 2.Its about time he _ to do the work. A. begins B. will begin C. begin D. began 3. Its high time that we _ to school. A. would go B. went C. go D. will go 4.It is time we _ up our results. A. sum B. summed C. will sum D. would sum,（一）、含蓄条件句 含蓄条件句就是虚拟条件暗含在短语或上下文中。这时，必须根据句中表述的意义以及某些特定的信息词如: without ,but for, otherwise ,suppose (supposing)等来判断动词形式。,1) Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today.,3) Suppose (supposing) your friends knew how you are behaving here, what would they think?,2) But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work.,用otherwise(or,or else),though(although)等表示与上下文所指的情况不同,从而引出虚拟语气. 4) The storm stopped, otherwise the sailors would have fallen into the sea. 5)Einstein had little concern for money,though(although)he could have been a very rich man.,1.Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 2.Yesterday Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she _ something she would regret later. A. had said B. said C. might say D. might have said,Without electricity = If there were no electricity,注意主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气:时间错综句(这时虚拟句谓语动词的形式应根据具体时间加以调整)例如:,（二）、时间错综句,If you had worked hard yesterday, you would be tired now.,1.If the flower had been watered, it _ now. A. wouldnt die B. is dead C. had been dead D. will not die 2.If his television set had not been stolen yesterday, he _ TV now. A. would watch B. would have watched C. would be watching D. is watching,3. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I_ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.