基于Android的农产品价格预测系统【物联网开题报告外文翻译说明书论文】.zip
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毕 业 设 计（论 文）任 务 书1本毕业设计（论文）课题应达到的目的： 提高农民收入是国家扶贫工作的一项重要举措，农产品价格事关农民收入。如何有效规避市场风险，合理安排好农业生产是本设计关心的内容。利用数据挖掘技术如爬虫技术抓取网站关于某一农产品历史的和实时的价格，并保存在数据库服务器中，供农业生产人员查询。利用人工智能的方法，预测农产品价格。编写一个手机基于Android的价格实时查询系统，农业生产人员能够实时查询农产品价格，调整作物品种，避开市场风险。2本毕业设计（论文）课题任务的内容和要求（包括原始数据、技术要求、工作要求等）： 利用java或自己熟悉的语言实现农产品价格数据的爬虫程序；利用简单的人工智能方法和工具从历史价格数据中预测未来农产品价格；利用oracle或自己熟悉的数据管理系统对农产品信息进行管理；完成一个农产品价格信息管理系统集成以上功能，方便农业生产人员的查询和管理。 毕 业 设 计（论 文）任 务 书3对本毕业设计（论文）课题成果的要求包括图表、实物等硬件要求： 可以运用智能手机实施价格预测，建立一个适合于农产品市场的农产品价格预测模型，并能绘出未来农产品价格的走势图。这项成果主要是预测农产品价格，完成一个农产品价格信息管理系统，方便农业生产人员的查询和管理。 4主要参考文献： 1 王磊，农产品价格采集，预测及微信发布系统的设计与实现，湘潭大学自然科学报，2014年2期2 李艳，刘军，农产品价格预测系统设计与实现，湖北农业科技大学，2011年14期3 黄刚，区域性农产品价格监测预测系统的研发，电脑知识与技术，2012年32期4 杨坤，王志峰，农产品价格信息监测预测系统设计与实现，农业信息技术，2010年5 李诚，农产品价格预测研究，湖南农业大学，2014年6 袁海波，农产品监测信息共享平台的设计与实现，浙江大学，2015年7 刘飞，如何运用ARIMA模型进行农产品价格的预测，现代商业化，2015年8 尹国伟，基于Android的农技推广数据可靠采集研究，中国农业科学院，2015年9 赵安平，王晓东，肖金科，梁建平，王川，农产品价格短期预测系统设计与实现，农业网络信息，2014年04期10 舒国军，遵义市农产品价格银行与价格预测系统的开发，电脑知识与技术，2012年27期11 苗开超，基于指数平滑模型的农产品价格预测研究，合肥工业大学，2009年12 许杞刚，基于改进KNN-BPNN算法的山东省农产品价格预测模型，济南大学，2014年13 姚霞，彭汉良，朱艳，曹卫星，张卫建，时鲜农产品价格预测的ARIMA时序模型构建与应用，农业系统科学与综合研究，2007年23期14 明达官，徐奇，周智彬，张彬连，时序数据挖掘技术在预测农产品价格方面的应用研究，软件导刊，2011年09期15 赵辰阳，徐明，基于FIG-SVM的农产品价格趋势预测，江苏农业科学，2014年05期16 秦立公，韦金荣，刘忠萍基于马尔科夫链的农产皮价格趋势预测及Matlab实现，2013年41期毕 业 设 计（论 文）任 务 书5本毕业设计（论文）课题工作进度计划：2015.12.152016.01.02撰写及修改开题报告、外文参考资料及译文、论文大纲并提交开题报告、外文参考资料及译文、论文大纲2016.01.052016.04.05拟定论文提纲或设计说明书（下称文档）提纲；提交基本完成的毕业设计创作成果以及文档的撰写提纲2016.04.062016.04.10中期检查（含毕业设计成果验收检查）2016.03.202016.04.20进行毕业设计文档撰写；2016年4月20日定稿截止2016.05.172016.05.24毕业设计答辩2016.05.302016.06.05修改论文上传最终稿，并且上交纸质稿所在专业审查意见：通过负责人： 2015 年 12 月17 日 毕 业 设 计（论文） 开 题 报 告 1结合毕业设计（论文）课题情况，根据所查阅的文献资料，每人撰写不少于1000字左右的文献综述： 农业是我国的重要支柱产业。在我国目前以市场为先导的情况下，农业产品市场将面临着越来越严酷的竞争形势。为此，地方政府和农户必须在制定的农业产品指标计划的前提下，根据现实资源的状况，组织农业生产。农产的价格预测对于指导农产品生产以及调整农业结构具有重大意义。在市场经济下，价格的变动体现着农产品的市场需求，所以研究一个农产品价格预测系统是很有必要的。1.农产品价格预测系统概述农产品价格预测系统是以搜集到的各类农产品市场价格数据为基础，利用商业智能、数据挖掘技术，对农产品市场价格进行分析统计，通过模式比较、差值分析、图形对比分析方式，针对不同农产品的价格变化进行日、周、旬、月初期预测。应用对象主要有农业生产企业，农业基层政府，农产品交易机构。农产品价格预测系统也是现代生活的需要。基于Andriod平台的系统更加方便，易于使用。2.本课题国内研究进展 再国内，农产品的价格预测系统还没有发展的很全面，尚处于发展阶段。现有各类的农产品价格监测系统，在农产品价格长期趋势分析方面和可视化展现方法，同时不能够实现多周期的产品价格趋势、形态分析跟踪，从而导致在农产品价格预警方面功能较弱。3本课题国外研究进展 Moore是公认的最早将计量方法运用于农产品领域进行预测的经济学家，他于1917年出版的棉花产量与价格预测一书中，利用年度，引入相关关系、线性回归模型对农产品年度价格等进行预测。今年来，随着智能分析技术、信息技术等高新技术的快速发展和在各领域中的广泛应用，一些新技术、新理论也被紧紧到农产品价格短期预测中并与传统计量分析方法组合形成一些混合模型。同时，对传统的价格预测方法也从新的视角进行新的探索与实践。4开展研究的意义 价格信息是农产品市场变动的“风向标”和“温度计 ”，价格稳定是宏观经济调控的重要目标。农产品价格具有波动大、非稳定、非线性等特点，它的巨幅波动对社会经济和人民生活造成严重影响。据世行统计，子2010年6月以来，国际粮价飙升在发展中国家导致多达4400万人陷入贫困。在中国，2010年中央农村工作会议提出关于农业工作的重点任务的第一条指出，要加强和改进农业市场调控，综合运用多种调控手段。努力稳定农产品市场，保持价格合理水平。2011年3月5日，温家宝总理在十一届全国人大四次会议上所做的政府工作报告中部署了2011年的十项重点工作，其中位列第一的是被列为宏观调控首要任务的“稳定物价总水平”。因此，如何科学分析农产品市场价格变化、准确预测农产品市场价格波动的幅度与方向，对于协助生产者更好地播种和收获、有效控制国内物价的超长波动具有重大意义。 参考文献： 1王磊，农产品价格采集、预测及微信发布系统的设计与实现，湘潭大学自然科学报，2014年2期 2李艳，刘军，农产品价格预测系统设计与实现，湖北农业科技大学，2011年14期3黄刚，区域性农产品价格监测预测系统的研发，电脑知识与技术，2012年32期4杨坤，王志峰，农产品价格信息监测预测系统设计与实现，农业信息技术，2010年11期 5李诚，农产品价格预测研究，湖南农业大学，2014年研究生攻读期成果 6袁海波，农产品监测信息共享平台的设计与实现，浙江大学，2015年研究生攻读期成果 7刘飞，如何运用ARIMA模型进行农产品价格的预测，现代商业化，2015年12期 8尹国伟，基于Android的农技推广数据可靠采集系统研究，中国农业科学院，2015年研究生攻读期成果 9赵安平，王晓东，肖金科，梁建平，王川，农产品价格短期预测系统设计与实现，农业网络信息，2014年04期 10舒国军，遵义市农产品价格银行与价格预测系统的开发，电脑知识与技术，2012年27期 11苗开超，基于指数平滑模型的农产品价格预测研究，合肥工业大学，2009年研究生攻读期成果 12许杞刚，基于改进KNN-BPNN算法的山东省农产品价格预测模型，济南大学，2014年研究生攻读期成果 13姚霞，彭汉良，朱艳，曹卫星，张卫建，时鲜农产品价格预测的ARIMA时序模型构建与应用，农业系统科学与综合研究，2007年23期 14明达官，徐奇，周智彬，张彬连，时序数据挖掘技术在预测农产品价格方面的应用研究，软件导刊，2011年09期 15赵辰阳，徐明，基于FIG-SVM的农产品价格趋势预测，江苏农业科学，2014年05期 16秦立公，韦金荣，刘忠萍，基于马尔科夫链的农产皮价格趋势预测及Matlab实现，2013年41期 毕 业 设 计（论文） 开 题 报 告 2本课题要研究或解决的问题和拟采用的研究手段（途径）： 利用JAVA语言实现基于Andriod平台上的农产品价格预测系统。首先是要搭建一个智能信息处理中心，使用JAVA语言开发系统。其次，写一个能够接入到无线网络中的ANDROID手机应用，最后将智能信息处理中心和手机接入到无线传感器网络中。 （1）JAVA JAVA是由Sun Microsystems公司于1995年5月推出的JAVA语言和JAVA平台的总称。用JAVA实现的HotJava浏览器（支持Java applet）显示了JAVA的魅力：跨平台、动态的Web、Internet计算。从此，JAVA被广泛接受并推动了Web的迅速发展，常用的浏览器现在均支持Java applet。 （2）ANDROID Android（安卓），是一个以Linux为基础的开源移动设备操作系统，主要用于智能手机和平板电脑，由Google成立的Open Handset Alliance（OHA，开放手持设备联盟）持续领导与开发中。Android已发布的最新版本为Android 6.0.1(M)。 内容及目的 系统完成后能实现如下功能：月价格走势：按月来展示农产品一个月内的每天具体价格，从而通过曲线形象的展示出当月的价格走势。年价格走势：按年来展示农产品一年内的每月平均价格，从而通过柱状图形象的展示出当年的价格走势。价格对比：同时展示同一农产品的本地价格、本省价格以及全国价格的曲线走势，更加直观的反映出该农产品在不同区域范围内的价格波动。涨跌预警：上周农产品价格涨跌情况分析，可以查看全部的农产品涨跌情况，也可以按省查看每个省的农产品涨跌情况。我们把涨跌幅度最大的排在最前面。价格预测：我们取一段时间内的数据来预测未来半个月左右的价格走势。同时，我们取前一，两个月的数据，预测未来数天内的数据。可以用这些预测的点，跟真实的数据最后数个点进行对比，来验证预测的准确性。毕 业 设 计（论文） 开 题 报 告 指导教师意见：1对“文献综述”的评语：该生查阅农产品价格预测系统相关的文献，论述了课题相关的背景，技术发展和趋势。该课题是学生本科所学专业知识的综合，重在提高学生实践能力和综合解决问题的能力，有一定研究意义。2对本课题的深度、广度及工作量的意见和对设计（论文）结果的预测：课题深度适中，广度一般，工作量适合本科毕业生的要求，预期学生能够在规定时间内完成。 3.是否同意开题： 同意 不同意 指导教师： 2016 年 01 月 06 日所在专业审查意见：同意 负责人： 2016 年 04 月 22 日Deploying the “Internet of Things”Robert A. DolinChief Technology Officer, Echelon CorporationbobAbstractThis paper explores the value in distributing and networking intelligent devices. Value is derived from distributing intelligence to each device locally. Further value is derived from having transparent access to these devices remotely. Extracting this value depends upon overcoming the issues of transparent connectivity, data concentration, and device interoperability. Some examples of successful, valuable applications are offered to illustrate how one might help deploy the “Internet of things.”1.IntroductionBy now, we are all familiar with Metcalfs law: that the “value” or “power” of a network increases in proportion to the square of the number of nodes on the network. Echelon Corporation was founded with the goal of vastly increasing the number of networked nodes by making it both economic and valuable to network everyday devices in homes, buildings, factories, transportation systems in short, just about everywhere. While we are an OEM company, one that sells technology and infrastructure products to others who make finished products, we have learned a great deal about the value in our customers applications for networking devices. We have also found that a primary motivator for such networking today is to improve energy efficiency. In this paper, and with additional detail in my talk, I will provide some actual applications along with some of the challenges we all face in deploying the “Internet of things.”2.Energy Savings as a Motivating ForceThere are three case studies I would like to discuss, each having energy related cost savings as a primary motivator. The first example is in building automation, the second is in electrical distribution, and the third demonstrates the economic necessity of networking light bulbs (!) well, at least some of them. In each of these projects, Echelon was more involved than as usual in our supplier role, so I am more familiar with the details and economic rationale than is normally the case.2.1.Demand Reduction On CommandIn commercial office buildings today, about 80% of the energy consumed is for Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning (HVAC), and lighting. Echelons corporate headquarters in San Jose is completely automated with the products of our customers so HVAC, lighting, access control, elevators and other main building systems are all on a single network with transparent access to all the devices. Furthermore, all the building automation devices are certified as interoperable devices by an independent trade association called LonMark International. This association, made up of companies, installers, and end users of products using Echelons LonWorks technology, certifies products as being open and interoperable. At our headquarters, we are participating in an energy conservation study with Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLL). In this study, LLL provides energy status over the Internet to the building facilities management company we use in San Francisco, some 50 miles north. This company monitors energy price information published by LLL over the Internet. Upon detecting that the price of energy has risen beyond a threshold, they send a SOAP message to our building controllers, which in turn, set each office into energy savings mode. Within minutes of the LLL energy status change, our buildings energy consumption is reduced by one third. We can maintain that state at no significant discomfort to the building occupants for four hours. This system is fully automatic, and requires no human intervention whatsoever. Additionally, it should be noted that our building is not distinctive from a construction standpoint in that it is the typical, poorly insulated, single pane windowed, office building that you would find in Silicon Valley. Proceedings of the 2005 Symposium on Applications and the Internet (SAINT06) 0-7695-2262-9/06 $20.00 2006 IEEE 2.2. Utility Automation In June of 2000 ENEL, the largest electric utility in Italy, and Echelon entered into an agreement in which Echelon would supply communications infrastructure components to ENEL. ENEL had decided to replace every residential and light commercial electricity meter in their service area, all 27,000,000 of them with intelligent, communicating meters of their specification. These meters were designed to provide energy management, load control, and better service to their customer base of over 90% of Italys population. This project was essentially completed by the end of 2005. ENEL has given the project costs as approximately 2 Billion Euros, which includes the costs to procure the hardware, install the data systems, procure the meters and install them, and integrate these new devices into their business systems. They have reported publicly that they are now saving in excess of 500 million Euros per year. The system is projected to have a life of at least 15 years. This savings does not come from reading the meters remotely. In Europe, unlike in the U.S., an electricity meter is located inside the house and is read about once every 3 years, or when someone moves out. The bill is estimated monthly in the intervening time between reads. Instead, the savings comes from being able to know and balance the loads in the distribution network, theft prevention, accurate billing due to more precise metering, the integration of pre-pay capabilities within the standard meter, time of use pricing, being able to remotely disconnect electrical service, dynamically being able to adjust how much power a customer may use during times of power shortages, and a host of other applications. Additionally, the system provides ENEL with a platform for offering fee based services within the home should they choose to do so. Based upon this experience, and the favorable economic return that ENEL has and will enjoy, Echelon has designed a system of similar capability that is targeted for the rest of the world rather than being tailored to the Italian environment. We are actively trialing the system, called the Networked Energy Services (NES) system, with utilities around the world today.2.2.Automating Outdoor LightingSurprisingly, there is good economic justification for putting individually controlled outdoor municipal and roadway lights on a network. The city of Oslo in Norway has done a pilot program that proves the point. In Norway, all lighting accounts for 15% to 20% of the TOTAL yearly demand for electricity for the entire country. Street lighting alone is 38% of the energy used for lighting in Norway. Three years ago, to comply with a government directive to remove capacitors containing PCBs, the city of Oslo decided to not only remove those outdoor lights containing the PCBs, but to install a modern system that would save energy, provide better service, and serve as a model for environmental responsibility1. The new lights come from multiple manufacturerswho use Echelons power line communication technology within each light fixture forcommunication. The lights communicate to an Internet edge server provided by Echelon that manages each group of lights and communicates alarms and status back to a central data management site. Also integrated into the system are sensors that measure ambient light and the amount of traffic on the road. In this way, Oslo can control the light on the road providing a safer environment, such as when it rains during the day, as well as an energy saving environment by using individual dimming of the bulbs and dawn and dusk. The pilot project is only 120 of the 250,000 lights managed by the city of Oslo. The pilot has been running for over 6 months and has so far generated an energy savings of 70% over the old lights that it replaced. According to Philips2, one of the vendors in the project, 45% of the savings is due to dimming the individual bulbs. The balance of the savings is primarily due to more modern bulbs and electronics.The pilot is expected to expand to 20,000 lights by the end of 2007. Hafslund, the company managing the system for Oslo, claims that the pilot system is currently generating a 15% return on the investment, primarily from energy savings, improved billing, and more efficient maintenance. All this with the environmental benefits from reduced energy consumption, fewer bulb replacements due to longer life from dimming, safer lighting and less light pollution.3.ProblemsWith all these benefits, one could easily jump to the conclusion that the “Internet of Things” will happen practically overnight. However, it will not. There are a Proceedings of the 2005 Symposium on Applications and the Internet (SAINT06) 0-7695-2262-9/06 $20.00 2006 IEEE lot of non-intelligent things in the world, and replacing them takes time. For example, even with an aggressive installation rate of 700,000 meters per month, it took a total of 5 years for ENEL to complete their project. Replacing all the lights in a city means closing down one lane of a main road to change out the fixtures.Building Automation systems such as the one we have at Echelon typically are not changed out until they wear out. This can be 15 years or more. It is just a fact that the things that consume the most energy and thus have the most energy savings potential are large, expensive pieces of equipment. Finally, the people that install these systems need to be trained on the new systems for the installations to be successful. People can only be trained so quickly.Society can make a choice to accelerate these changes. Businesses can be given incentives, laws can be passed, regulations imposed such that society could enjoy a world of less pollution and fewer carbon emissions. And, as Echelon, Enel, and the City of Oslo have all shown, moving to an Internet of things brings positive returns, so that first movers enjoy lower costs and higher quality than their peers. However, this is a difficult choice to make. It always seems (in the short term) less expensive to pollute than not to pollute. It always feels less risky (in the short term) to do things the way they were done before. Nevertheless, the world does change, and in this case it will too. The supply of energy simply cannot continue to increase and easily meet the demands of the developed and quickly developing nations. The only way to have both economic growth and enough energy is to use what we can generate much more efficiently. I believe we are at this point now. As the recent devastation of hurricane Katrina has shown, a disruption of only 1% of the worlds oil and gas processing capability has a dramatic affect on the price of energy around the globe. That is a symptom of a system running at its capacity. These sorts of social issues are not the only impairments to deploying the Internet of things, however. There are a number of technical issues that still need the attention of the technical community.3.1.Internet Communication IssuesIt is still very difficult to place a device with a packet switching wireless modem (GPRS) on the Internet, where another machine connected anywhere can initiate packet communication to that device over the GPRS network. Service providers today balk at the idea of handing out routable IP addresses to always son endpoints, even when they are dynamic and must be resolved with DNS. Without being able to initiate communication from machine to another, the applications in this paper are not possible. It is also very difficult to get a wireless service provider to terminate a VPN at the service center and allow the service center to do the authentication and hand out the IP addresses. This would be an alternative to getting a routable IP address from the service provider, and is what is being used in the Oslo pilot.3.2.SecurityThe devices that are worth networking for energy savings are important ones that we all depend upon. The thought of making them accessible on the Internet always raises the issue of security. Standard means of providing security, SSL and Ipsec, are effective, but difficult to implement in embedded devices. Also there are deployment issues in installing the latest security patches on millions of devices. The solution to this problem also solves a scalability problem. Millions of devices can generate an incredible amount of data. This data should not be blindly passed upstream, but instead filtered and concentrated. At the concentration points, one can use standard security protocols and limit the deployment issues. For example, in the ENEL system, there are approximately 250,000 data concentrators for the 27,000,000 meters. Of course, below the concentrator one still needs security, but the concentrator can serve a firewall function and limit the outside attacks that can be mounted on the devices below it.3.3.InteroperabilityAll these devices will not come from a single source, yet they need to do more than just connect to each other, they need to understand and process what they are saying to each other. This requires standardization above the communication protocol layers. The LONMARK International Association provides this for systems using Echelons technology, but something is needed for IT systems talking to devices as well. To this end, Echelon and its competitors and customers are trying to develop an open standard with the OASIS organization based Proceedings of the 2005 Symposium on Applications and the Internet (SAINT06) 0-7695-2262-9/06 $20.00 2006 IEEE upon SOAP/XML to convey the rich semantics of inter-device communication. Participation from interested parties is most welcome.4.ConclusionsThe distribution of intelligence to ordinary devices, coupled with a transparent, ubiquitous communications infrastructure can yield tangible benefits in energy savings, pollution control, quality of service and convenience. These benefits can result in returns on investment that are very competitive with the sorts of investment decisions companies make to generate superior returns for their shareholders. While issues remain, both technical and structural, first movers today are showing striking economic returns in their applications to network ordinary devices. These successes also fulfill societys need to reduce conventional and carbon atmospheric pollution. In spite of the force of psychological inertia present in preserving the status quo, the spread of these successes will result in the inevitable deployment of an Internet of Things.5.References1 Eirik Bjelland, Tom Kristoffersen,“The Intelligent Street Lighting Project for the City of Oslo”, Conference Proceedings of LONWORLD 2005, unpublished, Paris, France, October 20, 2005.2 Gil Soto Tolosa, “Outdoor Lighting Controls,” Conference Proceedings of LONWORLD 2005, unpublished, Paris, France, October 20, 2005.部署“物联网”罗伯特道林埃施朗公司首席技术官bob摘要本文探讨了分布式和网络智能设备的价值。价值来自于本地的每个设备分配的智能。进一步的价值是来自具有远程访问这些设备的透明访问。提取此价值取决于克服透明连接、数据集中和设备互操作性的问题。成功的，有价值的应用程序的一些例子来说明如何有助于部署“互联网的东西。1、引言到现在，我们都熟悉梅特卡夫定律：网络的“价值”或“力量”在网络上的节点数量的平方成比例增加。埃施朗公司成立的目标是大大增加网络节点的数量，使之成为经济和有价值的网络日常设备的家庭，建筑，工厂，运输系统，在短期内，几乎无处不在。虽然我们是一家代工公司，一个销售技术和基础设施产品的人谁制造成品，我们已经学到了很多关于我们客户的应用程序的价值，在网络设备。我们还发现一个原动力等网络今天是提高能源利用效率。在本文中，在我的谈话中，我将提供一些实际的应用程序，以及一些挑战，我们都面临在部署“物联网”。 2、以节约能源为动力有三个案例研究，我想讨论的，每一个具有能源相关的成本节约为原动力。第一个例子是在楼宇自动化，二是在电气分布，第三个演示了经济的必要性的网络灯泡。好吧，至少他们中的一些。在每一个项目中，都比我们的供应商角色更像往常一样，所以我更熟悉的细节和经济上的理由比通常情况下。2.1、要求减少命令在今天的商业办公大楼里，大约80%的能量消耗在加热，通风，空调（空调）和照明。公司总部设在圣圣若泽是完全自动化的产品，我们的客户，使暖通空调，照明，访问控制，电梯和其他主要建筑系统都在一个单一的网络，具有透明的访问所有的设备。此外，所有的楼宇自动化设备的认证由独立的行业协会称LonMark国际互操作的设备。这个协会，由公司安装和使用Echelon的LonWorks技术产品的最终用户，认证的产品是开放和可互操作的。在我们的总部，我们参与劳伦斯Livermore国家实验室能源研究（）。在这项研究中，我提供了能量状态在互联网上我们用三藩的建筑设施管理公司，北部约50英里。本公司监控能源价格信息发布在互联网上的微光。在检测到能源价格已经超出了一个门槛，他们向我们的楼宇控制器发送一个肥皂信息，这反过来，将每个办公室变成节能模式。在微光的能量状态变化记录，我们的建筑的能源消耗降低三分之一。我们可以保持这种状态，在任何重大不适的建筑居住者四小时。该系统是全自动的，不需要人为干预。此外，应该指出的是，我们的建筑不明显，从建造的角度来说，它是典型的，隔热差，单窗格窗口，办公楼，你会发现在硅谷。2005届互联网应用程序（圣2006）0-7695-2262-9 / 06 20美元2006 IEEE 2.2。2000公司六月实用的自动化，在意大利最大的电力公司，和梯队达成了一项协议，其中梯队将通信基础设施组件，供应。公司已经决定代替每个住宅和轻型商业电表在他们的服务区，他们27000000个都具有智能化、交流他们的规格表。这些米的设计，以提供能源管理，负荷控制，更好的服务，以其客户群超过90%的意大利人口。这个项目基本上是在2005年底完成的。公司给项目成本约20亿欧元，其中包括购买硬件的成本，安装数据系统，促使米并安装它们，并将这些新设备为他们的业务系统。他们已经公开宣布，他们现在每年节省超过5亿欧元。该系统预计将有至少15年的生活。这种储蓄不来自于远程阅读。在欧洲，与美国不同的是，电能表位于房子的内部，每隔3年就读一次，或者当有人搬离时。该法案预计在这期间每月读之间。相反，储蓄来自于能够知道和平衡的分布网络中的负荷，防止盗窃，准确的帐单，由于更精确的计量，预先支付能力范围内的标准表，使用定价的时间，能够远程断开电气服务，动态地调整多少电力客户可以使用在电力短缺，以及主机的其他应用。此外，该系统提供了一个公司提供的收费服务在家庭平台应该选择这样做。基于这样的经验，和良好的经济回报，Enel将享受，梯队已经设计了一个系统类似的功能，是针对这个世界而不是根据意大利环境。我们正在积极测试系统，称为网络化能源服务（NES）系统，今天世界各地的公用事业。2.2、自动化户外照明令人惊讶的是，有良好的经济理由，将单独控制的室外市政和道路灯的网络。奥斯陆市在挪威已经做了一个试点方案，证明了这一点。在挪威，所有的照明占15%至20%的总需求为整个国家的电力。光照街是
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