基于单片机人体红外报警系统【物联网开题报告外文翻译说明书论文】.zip
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物联网开题报告外文翻译说明书论文
基于单片机人体红外报警系统【物联网开题报告外文翻译说明书论文】.zip
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基于单片机人体红外报警系统【物联网开题报告外文翻译说明书论文】.zip,物联网开题报告外文翻译说明书论文,基于单片机人体红外报警系统【物联网开题报告外文翻译说明书论文】.zip
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说明：要求学生结合毕业设计（论文）课题参阅一篇以上的外文资料，并翻译至少一万印刷符（或译出3千汉字）以上的译文。译文原则上要求打印（如手写，一律用400字方格稿纸书写），连同学校提供的统一封面及英文原文装订，于毕业设计（论文）工作开始后2周内完成，作为成绩考核的一部分。原文：Title：Passive-type infrared sensor system for detecting human body Author: H Tomooka T Sugimoto1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to a passive-type infrared sensor system for thenon-contact detection of the presence or absence of a human body within a predetermined monitoring space in reference to change in quantity of infrared energies irradiated from the monitoring space and, more particularly, to the passive-type infrared sensor system which may be applied to a trigger switch for controlling activation of a security device such as, for example, a burglar alarm device.2. Description of the Prior ArtA burglar alarm device has long been well known in the art which switches an illuminator lamp on, activates a signaling lamp to blink or activates an alarming buzzer or siren to emit an alarm in the event an unauthorized trespasser enters the predetermined watch area. In this burglar alarm device, a passive-type infrared sensor assembly for detecting a human body is generally employed as a trigger switch. This known passive-type infrared sensor assembly is disclosed in, for example, the Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. 6-52450, published Feb. 25, 1994, and includes an optical system such as a lens element having an angle of coverage that defines the predetermined watch area to be monitored, and an infrared detecting element such as a pyroelectric element for receiving through the optical system infrared energies irradiated from the watch area and for converting the incident infrared energies into an electric output signal of a level proportional to the amount of change of the incident infrared energies.According to the above mentioned publication, change in amount of the incident infrared energies irradiated from the watch area is monitored at all times in reference to the level of the electric output signal and, in the event of the presence of a human body within the watch area, the amount of infrared energies incident on the infrared detecting element through the optical system undergoes a change, i.e., increases or decreases, by a quantity corresponding to the difference between the amount of infrared energies irradiated from the background within the watch area and the amount of infrared energies irradiated from the human body. Accordingly, the presence or absence of the human body, that is, an unauthorized trespasser within the watch area can be detected in reference to the change in amount of the incident infrared energies.Where the infrared sensor assembly for detecting the human body is used as a trigger switch for the burglar alarm device of the type described above, it is a general practice to secure the infrared sensor assembly to an exterior wall surface of a building or a house with a viewing direction of the optical system oriented generally horizontally and also to adjust the sensitivity of detection of the incident infrared energies so that the watch area can extend a few meters away from the exterior wall surface. In other words, by monitoring a temperature difference between the background and the watch area, entry of the human body within the watch area is detected when the temperature within the watch area varies to increase.However, where the infrared sensor assembly is installed outdoor such as at the exterior wall surface of the building or house, the presence of an object which provides a relatively large heat source at a location distant from the watch area, or passage of an object which provides a heat source across the watch area, may constitute a cause of change in quantity of the incident infrared energies as is the case when the human body enters the watch area, resulting in an erroneous generation of a human detection signal indicative of the presence of the human body within the watch area. By way of example, if while a high temperature source such as a boiler is located a distance away from the watch area an object passes by between the boiler and the watch area, or if an automotive vehicle such as a passenger car or a truck having an engine generating a considerable amount of heat moves at a place distant from the watch area, the amount of the infrared energies incident upon the infrared sensor assembly fluctuates considerably and, therefore, the human detection signal may often be generated erroneously.Also, the burglar alarm device is generally set in an active state during the night to watch the watch area to monitor any possible entry of an unauthorized trespasser into the watch area. This burglar alarm device is also often set in the active state even during the daytime and this may occur when people in the house equipped with the burglar alarm device leave the house vacant. In such case, depending upon the orientation of the optical system sunlight may directly impinge upon the optical system. Considering that the sunlight has a relatively wide region of wavelength including an far infrared region, direct incidence of the sunlight will result in generation of an erroneous or false human detection signal. In this way, where the burglar alarm device is installed outdoors, the burglar alarm device may be erroneously operated depending on environments at a location distant from the space to be monitored, that is, the predetermined watch area.Accordingly, it may be contemplated to orient the viewing angle of the optical system for collecting the infrared energies diagonally downwardly towards a point on a ground surface so that only the infrared energies irradiated from the watch area can be incident upon the light receiving element of the burglar alarm device. However, this contemplated design will also result in an erroneous operation of the burglar alarm device. Specifically, when a pet or a small animal such as, for example, a dog or cat, run loose in the garden enters the watch area, the amount of the incident infrared energies will be changed by infrared energies irradiated from the small animal in the garden and, consequently, the burglar alarm device may generate the false human detection signal.3.Summary of the InventionAccordingly, the present invention is devised to substantially eliminate the problems and inconveniences inherent in the prior art infrared sensor assembly and is intended to provide an improved passive-type infrared sensor system of a type effective to avoid any possible erroneous operation which would otherwise occur under the influence of the presence of the heat source distant away from the watch areas, direct sunlight incident upon the light receiving element and/or entry of a small animal into the watch area and also effective to detect only entry of a human body into the watch areas.In order to accomplish this object, the present invention provides a passive-type infrared sensor system which comprises first and second sensor units each including a first or second light receiving element and a first or second optical system. The first sensor unit has a viewing direction oriented towards an upper half of a human body so as to define a first watch area clear of a ground surface. On the other hand, the second sensor unit has a similar viewing direction oriented diagonally downwardly towards a point on the ground surface spaced a predetermined watch distance away from where it is installed so as to define a second predetermined watch area below the first watch area.The passive-type infrared sensor system of the present invention also comprises first and second level detecting circuits each operable to output a detection signal only when the level of an electric output signal from the associated first or second sensor unit exceeds a predetermined reference level, and a human detecting circuit for outputting, when the detection signals are outputted respectively from the first and second level detecting circuits, a human detection signal indicative of entry of a human body within a monitoring zone including the first and second watch areas.In the passive-type infrared sensor system of the present invention, in the event that the infrared energies irradiated from the relatively high heat source located a distance away from the watch areas fluctuate or direct sunlight falls thereupon, those infrared energies will be little impinge upon the second sensor unit having its viewing direction oriented diagonally downwardly. Instead, only the electric output signal from the first light receiving element of the first sensor unit having its viewing angle oriented horizontally exceeds the predetermined level and, therefore, there is no possibility of the human detection signal being generated.Also, in the event that the small animal such as a dog or a cat enters the watch area, little infrared energies irradiated from such small animal will fall on the first sensor unit and, instead, the electric output signal from the second light receiving element of the second sensor unit exceeds the predetermined level and, therefore, even in this case, there is no possibility of the human detection signal being generated.On the other hand, only when a human body enters the watch areas, infrared energies irradiated from upper and lower halves of the human body are received by the first and second light receiving elements through the first and second optical systems, respectively, resulting in that the respective electric output signals from the first and second light receiving elements exceed the predetermined levels. Accordingly, the presence of the human body within the watch areas can be detected and the human detection signal can be outputted from the human detecting circuit.In this way, with the passive-type infrared sensor system of the present invention, entry of a human body into the watch areas can be highly accurately detected while securing an avoidance of any possible erroneous operation which would otherwise result in under the influence of the presence of the heat source distant away from the watch areas, direct sunlight incident upon the light receiving element and/or entry of a small animal into the watch area.Also, since the zone in which the presence or absence of the human body can be detected by the second sensor unit is limited to cover from where it is installed to the point on the ground surface spaced the predetermined watch distance away therefrom. Accordingly, there is no possibility that a false alarm may be issued as a result of detection of the presence of the human body entering in a zone outside the zone where monitoring is required.Preferably, each of the first and second level detecting circuit is of a type capable of outputting a detection signal and a non-detection signal one at a time, which signals are binary signals, and the human detecting circuit is employed in the form of an AND gate circuit which can be triggered on upon receipt of the binary signals, the passive-type infrared sensor system can be assembled compact and simplified in structure.Also preferably, the second sensor unit is of a design wherein the second watch area can be adjusted in position in a vertical direction substantially perpendicular to the ground surface. By adjusting the second sensor unit, the watch distance can be varied suitably. If for this purpose the second sensor unit is so designed that while the second optical system is fixed in a housing accommodating the first and second sensor units therein, the second light receiving element is supported for adjustment in position in the vertical direction, the watch distance can be varied with no need to move the second optical system. Thus, since according to the present invention the second optical system need not be moved to change the watch distance, the second optical system can be concurrently used as a part of a covering of the sensor assembly while exposing itself to the outside, thereby making it possible to simplify the infrared sensor system as a whole.Furthermore, the first and second sensor units are preferably of a design wherein the associated watch areas can be adjusted leftwards or rightwards. This design makes it possible to adjust not only the watch distance, but also the first and second watch areas in a direction leftwards or rightwards as desired.In order for both of the watch distance and the watch areas to be adjustable in the manner described above, the use may be made of a retainer member and a rotary support member. In this case, while the first and second optical systems of the first and second sensor units are fixedly supported by the housing, the retainer member referred to above supports fixedly the first light receiving element of the first sensor unit, but supports adjustably the second light receiving element of the second sensor unit for movement in a direction up and down. The rotary support member is secured to the housing for rotatably supporting the retainer member. By this design, with a simplified structure adjustment of the watch distance and the watch areas is possible.Preferably, the respective optical systems of the first and second sensor units may form a part of a front wall of the covering of the housing. This is particularly advantageous in that the assembly can be simplified in structure.译文： 被动式人体红外线传感器系统Author: H Tomooka T Sugimoto1.发明领域 本发明涉及一种被动式非接触式红外线传感器系统, 监视预定监视的空间内存在或不存在人体，并可以改变监视角度。红外线照射器，用于照射其中应用于一个触发开关，常用于控制激活安全设备。诸如，被动式红外线传感器系统中的防盗报警器。现有技术制造的的防盗报警系统是早已公知的技术。其激活一个照明灯，再激活一个信令灯闪烁或激活蜂鸣器发出声音从而发出警告，从而警报未经授权的闯入者非法进入预定监控的区域。在此防盗报警器内，用一个被动式红外线传感器组件，用于检测人体。一般使用一个触发开关，此广泛使用的无源式红外线传感器组件现已经被公开，例如日本专利公开号6-52450，专利香港2月25日1994年。包括光学系统，例如具有全覆盖角度的透镜元件用于监视预定的区域，和一个红外线检测元件用于接收从预定领域照射红外线能量，通过光学系统和用于照射的红外线系统，将红外能量以电平比例的公式，将光学的物理能量信号转换为电平信号。根据以上所提及的出版物的内容，在从监控区域照射的入射红外能量的量，和在所有时间在参考监控区域内监测到的电平信号进行比较。当在人体的存在的情况下，入射的红外能量通过光学系统在红外线检测元件上的量发生了变化，即增加或减少。以对应于从监控区域回馈的红外能量和照射量之间的能量差，测量出是否存在人体辐射的红外能量。因此，判断人体的存在或不存在。即从监控区域内是否有未授权侵入者可以在参照在入射红外能量的量的变化来检测。其中红外传感器组件，用于检测人体的，用来作为触发开关，用于上述类型的防盗报警器。它是将红外线传感器组件固定到建筑物的外墙表面或房屋内部，类似于一般的安装做法，取最佳的监视角度。从而让光学系统实现自动监控，以此调整检测入射红外能量的敏感性，使监控领域中可以从外壁表面向前延伸几米。换句话说，通过监测背景和监控区域之间的温度差，当监控领域内的探测到人的身体时，检测监控区域内温度的变化，从而达到监控的效果。2.存在的技术挑战然而，当红外线传感器组件被安装在室外的建筑物或房屋时，若有一个设备提供了一个相对大的热源，从而在遥远的位置接近并经过所要监控的区域，就会干扰安放在通道的外壁表面上的报警器。例如这个设备可以提供非监控需要的热源的信号，并且可构成改变的热源信号，在入射红外能量的量不变的情况下，当非人体进入监控领域，错误地导致产生一个人体检测信号，从而误判存在的监控领域内有人的身体的存在。以举例的方式说明，如果当一个高温源例如锅炉位于一距离监控区域中，被监控对象的锅炉和监控区域之间经过的时候，或者如果机动车辆如轿车或具有卡车发动机产生相当大的热量的物体移动时，经过从监控区到其他的地方。红外传感器组件通过红外线能量入射的量的巨大波动，从而通常错误地产生人体检测信号。另外，防盗报警装置通常在夜间设置在有效状态，以监控监控领域，监测任何可能的未经授权的侵入者进入监控领域。这种防盗报警装置也经常在白天设置为活动状态，如果在白天设定，当人们在配备有防盗报警装置中的房子离开时，或者家空置这可能会发生这样的情况。在这种情况下，根据光的性质，太阳光可以定向地直接照射到光学系统时。考虑到太阳光具有相对较宽的波长区域其中包括一个远红外存在的波段，太阳光照射有几率会导致生成的错误或假人体检测信号。以这种方式，考虑到防盗报警器有可能安装在室外时，或者防盗报警装置在错误操作位置处。从该位置监控被监控的空间，也就是该预定监控领域。因此，可以考虑以定向光学系统的视角，收集红外能量的是斜着向下，朝向接受接地表面上的信号，以便只从监控领域中照射出的红外线能量。可以更好地利用接收元件上防盗报警装置。然而，这种设想的设计也将导致防盗报警装置的错误操作。具体而言，当宠物或小动物，例如狗或猫在花园里跑动，进入监控领域中，入射红外能量的量将通过从小动物在照射红外线能量的改变，因此防盗报警器可以产生假的人体检测信号。3.发明改进的内容因此本发明被设计基本上消除这些问题和不便于安装固有的红外传感器组件的问题，并旨在提供改进的被动式红外线传感器一种类型的系统，从而有效避免这些传统问题。从而不管发生任何可能的错误热源对监控区域的存在的事件，和经光直接入射的太阳光接收元件和当小动物进入监控区，也能有效地只检测人体的是否进入监控区域。为了达到上述目的，本发明提供
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