诊断学(发热)中英文版医学PPT课件.ppt

,Fever（发热）,复习旧课,The bodys internal temperature,Hypothalamus,体温调节中枢-下丘脑,Key words,Fever 发 热 infectious fever 感染性发热 non-infectious fever 非感染性发热 moderate fever 中等度发热 ultra high fever 超 高 热 continued fever 稽 留 热 remittent fever 弛 张 热 intermittent fever 间 歇 热,Fever is due to various reasons, so that the body heat production and heat balance, causes the body temperature to rise beyond the normal range.,Difinition 定义,发热是由于各种原因使机体产热和散热失衡，导致体温升高 超出正常范围。,1、Oral measurement 口测法 (36.3-37.2) 2、Measurement of axillary temperature 腋测法 (36-37); 3、Anal measurement 肛测法 （36.5-37.7）,Normal range of temperture 体温的正常范围,24h does not exceed 1 （24h不超过1） Impact factors: Age Diurnal rhythm The movement,labor, dining, High temperature environment, Premenstrual etc：,Physiological fluctuations（生理性波动）,Classification of etiology 病因分类,Caused by a variety of pathogens各种病原体感染引起。Bacteria细菌(43%)、virus病毒(7%)、立克次体支原体、螺旋体、真菌、寄生虫等。,Infectious fever感染性发热,1,Non-infectious fever非感染性发热,2,Hyperthyrea甲状腺功能亢进； Thermoregulation dysfunction 体温调节中枢异； Aseptic necrosis of material damage or necrosis 无菌性坏死物质损伤/坏死(吸收热)。,最常见,1. Pyrogen fever 致热源性发热 2. Nonpyrogen fever 非致热源性发热,Pathogenesis 发病机制,Classification 发热分度 （Oral measurement）,Rising period上升期 骤升 缓升 The fever stage高热期 Decline period下降期 骤降 缓降,Clinical period 临床分期,Connect all the temperature records at different time into a line，this line is called fever type. 将不同时间点测量的体温用直线连接，形成的曲线即为热型。,Fever type 热型,undulant fever 波状热,Fever type,intermittent fever 间歇热,relapsing fever 回归热,continued fever 稽留热,remittent fever 弛张热,Fever type热型,irregular fever 不规则热,continued fever 稽留热,remittent fever 弛张热,over39-40 , lasting a few days or weeks,temperature fluctuations will not be more than 1 in 24 hours. 39-40 以上，持续数天或数周，24小时体温波动不超过1 。如大叶 性肺炎、伤寒等,Continued fever 稽留热,More than 39 , temperature fluctuations will be more than 2 in 24 hours, but also more than 37 . 39 以上,24小时波动范围超过2 ，但在37 以上。常见于败血症、风 湿热、重症肺结核及化脓性炎症。,Remittent fever 弛张热,The temperature soared after reaching its peak lasting several hours, then dropped to normal level, after several hours or days intermission, temperature rise suddenly, such repeated alternation. 体温骤升达高峰后持续数小时，又骤降至正常水平，经数小时或数天间歇后， 体温再次突然升高，如此反复交替。见于疟疾、急性肾盂肾炎等。,Intermittent fever间歇热,1. Cough, sputum, chest pain 呼吸系统疾病 2.Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea 急性胃肠炎.细菌性疾病等 3.rash 麻疹、猩红热、水痘、风湿热等,Accompanying symptoms 伴随症状,Onset condition 起病情况 Accompanying symptoms 伴随症状 Diagnosis and treatment condition 诊治情况 other condition 其他情况,Interrogation points 问诊要点,Summrize 总结,Master 掌握 Definition of fever, normal body temperature, classification of fever, clinical significance of the common fever type,Acquaintance 熟悉 The causes of fever, pathogenesis, and interrogation points,Comprehend 了解 Clinical course of fever and the accompanying symptoms,1、Is it right to take an antiphlogistic needle