英语专四听力理解.ppt

TEM-4 Listening Comprehension,讲座主要内容,1.对话理解的八大常考题型 2.短文听力常考题型 3. 短文听力语流信号词 4.新闻听力7大题型分解 5.专四听力快速做题小技巧,1.对话理解的八大常考题型 题型一：主旨要义题 题型二：身份职业题 题型三：地点方位题 题型四：时间、数字计算题 题型五：事实推理题 题型六：观点态度题 题型七：是非判断题 题型八：语调、语气题,一. 对话部分应试技巧, 职业, 地点, 身份题 例: John is probably a_. A. nurse B. doctor C. lawyer D. saleswoman 录音: John is in hospital. Id like to send her a handbag she can use later in the law office where she is employed., 虚拟语气题 1)公式化虚拟 由if引导的条件句与主句间的动词相互制约的关系 例: What is said about Harrys brother? A. He is happy with his job. B. He is a very ambitious man. C. He is too ambitious to be an engine driver. D. He doesnt like to be an engine driver.,录音:Harrys brother would not remain an engine driver if he were ambitious. 2) 在wish, if only, it is (high, good) time, would rather, prefer, as if / as though 等后边跟的从句中,多用动词过去式表示虚拟. 例: What is the cause of their complaint? A. the place B. the heat C. the workload D. the facilities,录音:Woman: Its so hot today, I cant work. I wish the air-conditioning were on in this library. Man: So do I. I will fall asleep if I dont get out of this stuffy room soon. 3) should +动词原形(should可省略)的形式,多出现在表示建议,命令,请求,要求,坚持要求,渴望等类词后边的从句中., 形容词, 副词比较级的相互转换,1) 用原级表达比较级含义. This biography isnt half as well-written as the last one I read. 2)通过比较级表示最高级含义. 例: What happened to Mr. Hunts project? A. It was fairly successful. B. It was hard and futile. C. It failed for lack of fund. D. It stopped for lack of land.,录音: Woman: How does Mr. Hunts project turn out? I heard he had trouble with financing, and he then he couldnt get the land he wanted. Man: Its true. He did have difficulties at first. But all in all, the project couldnt have turned out better.,3) 比较级, 最高级表示否定含义. 例: The mail service between NY and LA should be better. What do you think of the film you watched last night? Nothing could be worse. Typing the essay is the least of worries., 计算题,例: The speaker was _ minutes late. A. 50 B. 15 C. 30 D. 10 录音: I woke up at 8:30, knowing that the appointment was at 9:45. But despite of all my plans, I still got there at 10:00., 推理判断题,例: What are the man and woman doing ? A. Listening to the radio B. Looking at the photos C. Watching television D. Reading a newspaper 录音: W: There must be a thunderstorm in some place, because the picture isnt very sharp and the sound isnt clear.,M: I think youre right. They said on the radio last night that a storm was coming in from the mountains and the morning paper forecast heavy rain. 观点态度题 例: what does the man think of the womans clothing?,录音:W: Ill wear this blue jacket. I like the color on me, dont you think? M: I think it looks terrific on you really. 否定题 常见的含有否定含义的词: rarely, scarcely, hardly, seldom, little, beyond, deny, cancel, cease, miss, instead of, rather than, in vain etc.,例: There is no one who doesnt have an opinion about something. 情态动词+动词完成时表达与事实相反的内涵: shouldnt have done should have done neednt have done might have done sth.,特殊的英文数字表达,时间：five 0clock sharp(5点整)；on the dot(整点)；the day before yesterday(前天)；the day after tomorrow(后天)；the other day(几天前)；some day(将 来的某一天)；every other day(每隔一天)；this time next week(下周此时)；a fortnight(十四天，两周)；weekly(每周)；monthly(每月)；quarterly(每季)yearlyannually(每年)；a decade(十年)；BC(公元前)。 数字：one halfa half(二分之一)；one and half(一又二分之一)；a quarterone fourth(四分之一)；five sixths(六分之五)；zero point five(05)；one point five two(152)；a couple of(两个)；million(百万)；billion(十亿)。Dozen(12) 货币：a dollara buck(一美元)；five centsa nickel(5美分)；a dime(一角硬 币)；a quartertwenty five cents(二十五美分)；a pound(一英镑)；pennypl (penniespence)(便士)。 有关计算的表达：plusaddaddition(加)；minustake off(减)；multiply (乘)；divide(除)；double(翻倍)；triple(增加到三倍)；two more(多两个)；three less(少三个)；half the price(半价)；thirty percent offdiscount of 30(打七折)； at l5discount(打八五折),是非判断题的特定标志,EXCEPT Is Not True Is Correct Is Incorrect is Not Mentioned,典型例题（2010年真题）,1. The following details have been checked during the conversation EXCEPT A. number of travelers. B. number of tour days. C. flight details. D. room services. 3. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? A. The traveler is reluctant to buy travel insurance. B. The traveler is ready to buy travel insurance. C. The traveler doesnt have to buy travel insurance. D. Travel insurance is not mentioned in the conversation.,典型例题（2010年真题）,4. Which of the following details is CORRECT? A. Mark knows the exact number of airport buses. B. Mark knows the exact number of delegates spouse. C. Mark doesnt know the exact number of delegates yet. D. Mark doesnt know the number of guest speakers.,典型例题（2010年真题）,13.International students can receive all the following types of financial assistance EXCEPT A. federal loans. B. private loans. C. scholarships. D. monthly payment plans. 19.Which of the following details about Family Health International is INCORRECT? A. It is a nonprofit organization. B. It provides public health services. C. It carries out research on public health. D. It has worked in five countries,典型例题（2010年真题）,25.The following are involved in the operations to rescue the children in Honduras EXCEPT A. the police. B. the district attorney. C. the prison authorities. D. Institute of Childhood and Family. 30.Which of the following details in the news is CORRECT? A. The rescue operation involved many people. B. The cause of the explosions has been determined. C. Rescue efforts were stopped on Thursday. D. The explosions didnt destroy the building.,2.短文听力常考题型,中心思想题(测试文章的主题思想） 事实细节题 对错判断题 推理推测题 时间数字计算题,3.短文听力语流信号词,表示赞许、肯定：sure, certainly, congratulations, great, terrific, of course, why not 表示否定、不同意：no, but, not really, nevertheless 表示转话题：sorry, however, no the other hand, on the contrary, but, yet, nevertheless, despite, in spite of, besides 表示主观意愿：would rather, prefer to, had better, Cannot you do? Why not do? If I were you I should do, Youd better do, Lets do, Shouldnt you do, You may as well do 表示态度或建议：believe, think, propose, suggest, assume, claim, lets, why not, shall we, what/how about, what do you think of, if I were you, Id ,The fact is, The problem is, But the truth is 表示结论：therefore, thus, in conclusion, as a result, in summary, to sum up, in short ,短文听力语流信号词,表示比较：asas, not asas, better than,be superior to, notbetter, prefer to do sth, prefer doing sth, preferto, would ratherthan, like nothing better than，prefer.rather than, more or less, the morethe more(less), more than, more.than, favorite 表示价格：regular price, normal price，a good buy, a better buy, an excellent price, a good price/bargain, bargain price，sale price, on sale barrage sale, Christmas sale, special price 表示虚拟：wish, would rather, if only, prefer, it is (high, about, good) time, as if, as though,短文听力语流信号词,表示因果关系：because, as, since, for, so, now that, and, therefore, so That, suchthat, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, on account of, as a result of, cause, produce, result in, result from, be brought about by, occur from, be attributable to, give rise to 表示让步：although, though, even if, even though, even so, unless, in spite of, no matter, whatever, wherever, whenever, whether, but, as 表示推断：therefore, thus, as a result,三. 新闻报道题型特点和应试技巧,新闻题型特点 新闻结构特点 倒金字塔法(the inverted pyramid form): 按新闻事实内容和重要性递减的顺序来安排全文. 时间倒顺法(chronological style): 按事件发生时间的先后顺序来报道的. 多见于体育比赛,文艺比赛,灾难,交通事故以及犯罪案件等.,新闻的结构特点,Chronological Method (体育报道, 犯罪经过,名人讣告) Inverted Pyramid,新闻句法特点: 简洁句; 合并句子 例: Andrew P. OrRourke, the Republican candidate for governor, said yesterday that he would withdraw from a televised debate with Governor Cuomo if the candidate of the New Alliance Party, which he accused of extremist views, participates. 新闻词汇特点 (1)旧词添新义 Sept. 11th (2)合成新词 electronic wallet ; sit-in (3)派生新词 ecodisaster (4)外来词 judo ; karate; kungfu,新闻听力7大题型分解,硬新闻（hard news）和软新闻（soft news）两大类 英语新闻的5个要素（who,what,when,where,why/how） 新闻听力归纳为“以人为主”和“以事为主”的两大新闻句型，即： News Involving People :Who did or said what ？ why does he or she do so or say so? News Involving Incidents: What happened at what time and where or how did it happen?,新闻7大题型分解,1）Talks and Meeting 【考点要素】 【句型表达】 A arrives in + where + when + for talks with B + on /about /over + the issue /problem Country A + person A + met briefly/officially /formally with country B + person B + where + when Country A remains /keeps diplomatic /business relationship with country B + despite (in spite of) disagreement over the matter of The 2 or 3 leaders of the countries try to reconcile some of the different issues /disputes with the third country over the matter/issue of The talks are going /expected to cover The talks will include the issue of This is the first time for sb to visit + where + for /since + 时间长度 the 2 leaders are expected to focus on the issues/matters of + 会谈话题,新闻7大题型分解,2)Disaster News 【考点要素】 【句型表达】 the disaster happened + the time + when 从句 + during at least /almost /nearly /about + 数字 people were killed and more than + 数字people were injured /bombed /hurt /missing in a + 某种性质的灾难 + where 某种性质的灾难 + 时间 + occured + where several investigations have begun into + 某种性质的灾难，but there is still no report about the death and the missing there are still some disputes over the extra number of the persons who died / was hurt /was missing in the disaster the disaster places the death toll at + 数字 + people injured and + 数字 + killed the rescue team /group entered dangerous areas near + 事件或灾难发生地 + to search for + 数字 + people,more than + 数字 + reported missing after + 某种性质的灾难,新闻7大题型分解,3)Business and Economy 【考点要素】 【句型表达】 the name of the organization/institution /authorities + began debates /discussion + 时间 + over/about /on + 某政策 + to , wage/income /salary increases are keeping path with + 某个指数 the unemployment rate + in + 某国家 + of + % + resulted in + 某个原因 + is possible the Federal Reserve will rise in the interest rate+of事件 the inflation rate mounts about + % + every year / annually;the inflation rate rises to how much % by the end of + 年份 exports or economists predict a raising threat of inflation + a because of a strong wage growth /a rising labour market,4)Fighting and Conflicts 【考点要素】,【句型表达】 数字 + persons + are going to take part in + 某类型的冲突对抗 + 地点 + to 目的或要求 people went to the street in at least + 数字 + 地点 + 时间 + to do + 目的或要求 speakers and the demonstrators called on sb to impose an economical sanction /trade against + 某国家/某政府 + until offices reports said that + 数字 + policemen were injured and more than + 数字 + persons demonstrators arrested /detained there are no figures on the members of protesters arrested /detained there are no immediate reports on injures in + 某冲突 Authority reports that + 数字 + persons were detained the protesters were demanding a + 某个要求 the protest was ended at pressure into doing sth. they were demonstrating against + a plan /policy + to do sth. people have continued to protest demonstrations against + 某人或某件事,5)Diplomatic Relations or International Affairs 【考点要素】,【句型表达】 the name of the organization /institution has promised /agreed to improve + a project /plan/ policy + 时间 机构或组织 says + 相关疾病 + keeps on in epidemic proportions + 地点 + 时间 机构或组织 reported a strict treatment could help slash the number of + 相关疾病的死亡比率 + 地点 + 时间 By a vote of + 大数目 + to + 小数目, with + 数字 + abstentions,the name of the organization /institution + urged /called on + 地点 + to stop producing biology weapons,the name of the organization /institution adopted 2 resolutions + recommending /regarding /concerning + a plan /project. country A has announced that it has decided to cancel about + 数字 + of the debts to 国家B或某机构 the action is being offered to + 国家或某机构 + to eliminate + 事件或某计划 NATO and Russia are reporting some progress in efforts to finalize a charter governing their postcoldwar relationship. Tensions were raised this week as the two accused each other of links to killing in the two countries. country A is hoping for a new relationship with country B country A is hoping that sb will invest /spend time on + a plan /project 人名 in country A says + country B and country C + should try to reach out each other (be equal) country A and country B opened + 某种行动 + as The exercises began as UN Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice arrived in the South Korean capital,seeking a way to restart talks on North Koreans nuclear weapons programmes UN peacekeeping troops backed by tanks have launched a new operation in Haitts capital to encounter a new wave of violence ,6）Space Report 【考点要素】,【句型表达】 飞船或宇航器名称 made a + adj landing at + where + on date. 飞船或宇航器名称 stop/stay/end + a 10day mission to where. 飞船或宇航器名称 has postponed/delayed/cancelled the shuttles return to + place 机构或太空站 made a good preparation for/gave the green light for/get well ready for + 宇航器名称 after/when the weather was fine. 宇航器名称 is expected to + 目的 机构 has decided on putting 3 people into space for a week + 目的 + 哪个太空站 the preparations are under way for + time or period of stay + aircraft 宇航器名称 carried + how many people to where for + period of time,from when to when 某机构 + says /declares /admits + the name of the spacecraft + to /on + planet /orbit + of failure/success 某机构 + says /declares /admits that it has completed its objectives on + planet/orbit as scheduled /planed,astronauts have moved + the name of the spacecraft + into a higher orbit on + 某 planet the rocket was expected /going to pass within /less than /more than + number量词 + from + the name of the spacecraft the planet/orbit + by space destiny to the International Space Station at the end of /in the midterm of + months + days of its launching on + the name of the planet/orbit because of the mechanical problem /bad weather, the name of the spacecraft + returned