LED点阵设计外文翻译.doc

本科毕业设计(论文)外文翻译（附外文原文） 学 院： 信息科学与工程学院 课题名称： 基于单片机的定时显示设计 专业(方向)： 通信工程 班 级： 通信09-1 学 生： 何探 指导教师： 牛秦洲 日 期： 2013.4.23 窗体顶端1.1 LED display background of the development and research status More and more places in shopping malls, railway stations, docks, subway stations and a variety of work window LED dot matrix display graphics and characters. LED industry has become a fast-growing emerging industry, a huge market space and broad prospects. With the rapid development of the information industry, LED display has been widely used as an important means of dissemination of information, content and services aim to promote the need for indoor and outdoor public places, such as indoor and outdoor advertising in public places, the airport station visitors guide bus stop vehicles, securities and banking information display, restaurants offer information beans shown, highway variable information boards, stadiums the games, building lighting, traffic lights, landscape lighting. Clearly, LED display has become an important symbol of the city lighting, modern information society. LED dot matrix design is mainly used in display, it is a light emitting diode dot matrix module or unit of pixels composed of a flat display screen. Because it has the advantages of high luminous efficiency, long life, and flexible configuration, rich colors, and the indoor and outdoor environmental adaptability. The 1970s, the first GaP, GaAsP homogeneous knot red, yellow, green and low luminous efficiency LED began to be used indicator, numbers, and text. From the LED starts to enter a variety of applications, including aerospace, aircraft, automotive, industrial applications, communications, consumer products, etc., throughout the various departments of the national economy, and thousands of families. 1996 LED sales have reached billions of dollars around the world. Over the years the LED has been subject to the limitations of color and luminous efficiency, but because of the GaP and GaAsP LED with long life, high reliability, operating current, and thus has many advantages with TTL, CMOS digital circuits compatible green by user Mi. In recent years, high brightness, full color LED material and device technology research topics at the forefront. The ultra-high brightness (UHB) is the luminous intensity at or above 100mcd LED, also known as the candela (cd) level LED. The development of high-brightness InGaN LED A1GaInP and progressed very rapidly and has now reached conventional materials GaA1As, GaAsP, GaP impossible to achieve the level of performance. In 1991, Toshiba Corporation of Japan and the United States HP company developed into InGaA1P 620nm orange ultra-high brightness LED 1992 InGaA1p590nm yellow high brightness LED practical. The same year, Toshiba developed InGaA1P 573nm yellow-green ultra-high brightness LED, normal light intensity 2CD. 1994 Nichia Corporation of Japan for the development of ultra-high brightness LED InGaN blue 450 nm (green) color. At this point, the color display the required three primary colors red, green, blue, and orange, and yellow colors of LED have reached cd luminous intensity level, to achieve a super high brightness, full color, so that the light emitting tube outdoor panchromatic become a reality. Was started in the 1970s, Chinas development of LED industry in the 1980s. About 100 enterprises, 95% of manufacturers are engaged in the back-end packaging production, the required die almost all imported from abroad. Through several Five-Year Plan technological innovation, technology research, the introduction of foreign advanced equipment and key technologies, LED production technology in China has step forward.1.2 LED display classification1 classification by colorSingle-color display: single color (red or green).Dual color display, you can display 65,536 colors: red and green dual-color, 256 levels of gray.Full-color display: red, green and blue color, 256 levels of gray, full-color screen can display more than sixteen million kinds of colors.By display CategoryLED digital display: display 7-segment digital tube, suitable for the production of the clock screen, such as interest rates screen, display digital electronic display.LED dot-matrix graphic display: display device is composed by many evenly light-emitting diode dot matrix display module, suitable for broadcast text, image information.LED video display: the display device is composed of a plurality of light-emitting diode, you can display video, animation and other video files.3 occasions by the use of classificationIndoor display: the luminous point is small, generally 3mm - 8mm, shows the general area of a few dozen square meters.Outdoor display: the general area of tens of meters to several hundred square meters, high brightness, can work in the sun, wind, rain, water resistant.4 light spot diameterIndoor screen: 3mm, 3.75mm, 5mm.Room shielding: 10mm, 12mm, 16mm, 19mm, 20 mm, 21mm, 22mm, 26mm.1.3 LED display indicates that the program1 dot matrix module program: the first design, evolved by the indoor pseudo-color dot matrix screen.Advantages: raw material costs have an advantage, and the production process is simple, stable quality.Disadvantages: poor color consistency the mosaic phenomenon is more serious, look much worse.2 single lamp program: to solve lattice screen color problem, drawing on a program of outdoor display technology, outdoor pixel multiplexing (also known as pixel sharing technology, virtual pixel technology) transplanted to the indoor display.Advantages: good color consistency than dot matrix module way.Disadvantages: poor color mixing effect, the perspective is not about viewing color in the horizontal direction. The processing is more complex, requiring high antistatic. The actual pixel resolution is more difficult to do more than 10000.3 patch program: SMD LED display elements of the program.Advantages: color consistency, perspective and other important display indicators are the best kind of existing programs, especially the triple paste the mixing effect is very good.Disadvantages: processing trouble, the cost is too high.Stickers program: in fact, an improvement of the single lamp program, is still improving.Advantage: color consistency, perspective and other primary indicators and stickers program is not very different, but at a lower cost, good display, high resolution.Disadvantages: processing or more complex, high anti-static requirements.The 1.4 LED role and market prospects1.LED display(1) until the product publicity and attract the customers role.(2) play a store decoration, enhance the role of enterprise grade.(3) play lighting, unconventional role.(4) play a role of universal knowledge (which can be used to play small enterprise product information, industry knowledge, and so on).(5) play the role of the bulletin board (promotion, recruitment information release).(6) play a role to heighten the atmosphere. The display screen can be played superiors and various guests come to visit, guidance words of welcome, a variety of major festivals celebrate words. Undeniable, businesses establish the ultimate purpose of the billboard is to advertise their products to attract target customers, to the maximum extent possible and maximizing profits. LED billboards precisely in order to achieve this goal to become the first choice of the corporate propaganda.The 2.LED the market prospects LED display expensive, mainly used in the more upscale places, mainly in the citys bustling places, as part of a multimedia advertising. Single color LED display is mainly used in transport, highways, banks, securities trading and other financial establishments. With the advancement of technology and peoples living standards improve, LED display will gradually used in various industries.朗读1.1 LED显示屏的发展背景及国内外研究现状 在大型商场、车站、码头、地铁站以及各类办事窗口等越来越多的场所需要用LED点阵显示图形和汉字。LED行业已成为一个快速发展的新兴产业，市场空间巨大，前景广阔。随着信息产业的高速发展，LED显示作为信息传播的一种重要手段，已广泛应用于室内外需要进行服务内容和服务宗旨宣传的公众场所，例如户内外公共场所广告宣传、机场车站旅客引导信息、公交车辆报站系统、证券与银行信息显示、餐馆报价信息豆示、高速公路可变情报板、体育场馆比赛转播、楼宇灯饰、交通信号灯、景观照明等。显然，LED显示已成为城市亮化、现代化和信息化社会的一个重要标志。 LED点阵设计主要应用于显示屏，它是利用发光二极管点阵模块或像素单元组成的平面式显示屏幕。由于它具有发光效率高、使用寿命长、组态灵活、色彩丰富以及对室内室外环境适应能力强等优点。 1970年代最早的GaP、GaAsP同质结红、黄、绿色低发光效率的LED已开始应用于指示灯、数字和文字显示。从此LED开始进入多种应用领域，包括宇航、飞机、汽车、工业应用、通信、消费类产品等，遍及国民经济各部门和千家万户。到1996年LED在全世界的销售额已达到几十亿美元。尽管多年以来LED一直受到颜色和发光效率的限制，但由于GaP和GaAsP LED具有长寿命、高可靠性,工作电流小、可与TTL、CMOS数字电路兼容等许多优点因而却一直受到使用者的青眯。最近十年，高亮度化、全色化问题一直是LED材料和器件工艺技术研究的前沿课题。超高亮度(UHB)是指发光强度达到或超过100mcd的LED，又称坎德拉(cd)级LED。高亮度A1GaInP和InGaN LED的研制进展十分迅速，现已达到常规材料GaA1As、GaAsP、GaP不可能达到的性能水平。1991年日本东芝公司和美国HP公司研制成InGaA1P 620nm橙色超高亮度LED，1992年InGaA1p590nm黄色超高亮度LED实用化。同年，东芝公司研制InGaA1P 573nm黄绿色超高亮度LED，法向光强达2cd。1994年日本日亚公司研制成InGaN 450nm蓝(绿)色超高亮度LED。至此，彩色显示所需的三基色红、绿、蓝以及橙、黄多种颜色的LED都达到了坎德拉级的发光强度，实现了超高亮度化、全色化，使发光管的户外全色显示成为现实。我国发展LED起步于七十年代，产业出现于八十年代。全国约有100多家企业，95%的厂家都从事后道封装生产，所需管芯几乎全部从国外进口。通过几个“五年计划”的技术改造、技术攻关、引进国外先进设备和部分关键技术，使我国LED的生产技术已向前跨进了一步。1.2 LED显示屏的分类 1.按颜色基色分类单基色显示屏:单一颜色（红色或绿色）。双基色显示屏：红和绿双基色，256级灰度、可以显示65536种颜色。全彩色显示屏：红、绿、蓝三基色，256级灰度的全彩色显示屏可以显示一千六百多万种颜色。2.按显示器件分类LED数码显示屏：显示器件为7段码数码管，适于制作时钟屏、利率屏等，显示数字的电子显示屏。LED点阵图文显示屏：显示器件是由许多均匀排列的发光二极管组成的点阵显示模块，适于播放文字、图像信息。LED视频显示屏：显示器件是由许多发光二极管组成，可以显示视频