九年级英语培优学案.doc

九年级英语培优学案形 容 词一形容词的用法及位置：说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态。常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词。1、作表语，用于系动词和半系动词之后。系动词be，半系动词有感官动词(feel, sound, look, smell, taste,)，和其他表示变化的动词seem，become, keep, stay, remain, go, get, turn, grow等。例：他看起来很开心 _ 2、作定语，放在名词之前，something，anything，nothing，everything等不定代词之后。例：这个善良的女孩是我姐姐。_ 想喝点儿热的吗？_3、只作表语而不作定语的形容词。alive、alone、afraid、asleep、awake、ill、well等。例：I fell well.4、作宾补，常与make、leave、keep等动词连用。例：请保持教室整洁。_5.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。例如，-How long is the river？ -大约两百米长。_ 6.只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的 例如，这个人病了。_7.只能作定语的形容词：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木质的；woolen羊毛质的；elder年长的 例如，我哥哥在北京. _ 我哥哥比我大1岁。_8.貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的 9.复合形容词：snow-white雪白的 English-speaking说英语的；glass-topped玻璃罩的；full-time全日制的；well-known众所周知的；kind-hearted善良的；man-made人造的；take-away可以带走的；ten-year-old十岁的。 二某些形容词说明事物间的关系，方位、时间、用途等，不能用程度副词来修饰，也没有比较级的用法。例如表关系的the same，different，favourite，Chinese, Japanese等。表示方位的southern，northern, western, eastern等。三形容词名词化。某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人，常见词有good/bad、rich/poor、young/old、deaf/blind、black/white、living/dead等。例：年轻人应该尊敬老人。_四形容词的排序。当名词有两个以上的形容词修饰时，这些词的顺序通常遵循一定的规则，一般不得随意调换，也不能按照汉语的意思去排列。 （限、数、观、形、龄、色、国、材）a. 限定词，包括冠词，指示代词(this, that, these, those), 形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, our等)，名词所有格，数词等。每个名词短语前只需要一个限定词。b. 表示观点的描绘性形容词，如beautiful, fine, interesting等。c. 表示表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词，如tall, high, small, little, round等。d. 表示年龄、新旧的形容词，如young, old, new等。e. 表示颜色的形容词，如black, white, blue等。f. 表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词，如Japanese, English, rural等。g. 表示形成中心名词的材料的形容词，如plastic, wooden等。例：_ 两张新的中式的木制大圆桌一个漂亮的新的小小的黑色的日式塑料礼物 _五有一些表示情感的表语形容词后可接动词不定时。构成：主+be+adj+to do句型。例：be+glad/happy/pleased；sorry/sad/sure；able/afraid；easy/difficult；ready/kind +to do六-ing形容词和-ed形容词。(-ing结尾的词用来修饰“物”，-ed结尾的词用来修饰“人”。)Surprisedsuprising, interestedinteresting, excitedexciting, pleasedpleasing, frightenedfrightening,Movedmoving, tiredtiring, fascinatedfascinating. 例：我有一本有趣的书。_. 我对科学感兴趣。_七以-ly结尾的形容词。 许多形容词加-ly可以构成副词，但有些以-ly结尾的词不是副词而是形容词。例：friendly、lonely、lovely、likely、daily、lively、silly、curly、ugly、weekly等。八常见名词变形容词的方法。名词构成方法意义举例表示天气的名词-y/ -ny充满的，多的cloudcloudy, sunsunnywind-windy表示方位的名词-ern方位的westwesternsoutheast-southeastern表示称谓的名词-ly般的friendfriendly, mother-motherly表示时间的名词-ly每。的weekweekly, daydailyyearyearly, month-monthly表示物质的名词-en / -y制成的， 。般woodwooden, salt-salty表示抽象意义的名词-ful / -y / -less的， 无。的care-careful, use-useful,luck-lucky, hope-hopelesscare-careless, home-homeless表示大洲与国家的名词-n的， 。人的Asia-Asian， America-American九、形容词常用句型 1.“Its +adj.+of+sb.+to do”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。 注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。例如，_.(= _.)你能帮助我，真好。 _.(=_.)她说这样的话，真粗鲁。 _.(=_.)他单独出去太傻了。 2.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+to do”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。 注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的)，necessary(必要的)，difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有益的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)，impossible(不可能的)等。 例如，对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易。 _. (=_.) 对于学生来说上课认真听老师讲课是非常重要的。 _ _.(=_ _.) 对于我们来说按时到校是非常必要的。 _.(=_.) 3.表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad(高兴的)，pleased(高兴的)，sad(忧伤的)，thankful(感激的)等常接不定式。 例如，Glad to see you.见到你非常高兴。 听到这个坏新闻，我非常难过。 _4.表示能力和意志的形容词，如ready(乐意的，有准备的)，able(有能力的)，sure(一定)，certain(一定)等常接不定式。 例如，雷锋总是乐于助人。_ 他一定会按时到校。 _十、辨析相近的形容词。1、whole与all：记住两个词序：(1)the whole + 名词 (2)all (of) the + 名词。例：整个早上他都很忙_ 他能记住他学的所有单词_2、tall与high, short与low：指人的个子时用tall与short；指其他事物时一般用high与low。例：Hes very tall/short. 有一部分人住在高山上。_3、real与true：real一般指东西的真假,译为“真的”；而true则指事情或消息的可靠性,译为“真实的”。例：This is a_ diamond(钻石) and its very expensive. 这是货真价实的钻石,非常贵-Is that_?Yes. I heard it with my own ears. 那真实吗？ 是的,我亲耳所听4、辨析good与well：(1)表示“好”时,作定语或表语用good,作状语用well； (2)表示“(身体)好”时用well.例：Doing sports is for us. Study and make progress every day. -How are you? I am very .5、nice与fine的区别：(1)nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等； (2)fine一般指身体或天气好。例：Lets go and share the _cake。 She is a _ girl.What a _ day! Hes _ recently。6、quick、fast与soon的区别：(1)quick往往指反应速度快 (2)fast往往指运动速度快 (3)soon则表示时间上很快即将发生例：After a _ breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home. A train is much _ than a bus. His father will be back to China very _.7、lonely与alone的区别：(1)lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,意思是：“孤独的,寂寞的”,作定语或表语；(2)alone的意思是：“独自的,单独的”,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,(作为副词的alone可作状语)。例：He lives _ but he doesnt feel _.He is a _ person. You can not easily get on well with him.8、other与else的区别：(1)other放在名词前 (2)else修饰不定代词、疑问词,另外,or else表示“否则”,是连词。例：The _ students are on the playground. Who _ can work out this maths problem? This is nobody _ money. Its mine. Do you have anything _to say for yourself?9、gone、lost、missing的区别：(1)gone表示“丢了,没了”,含一去不复返的意思,也可以表示“死了”,作表语或宾补,不可以作定语(2)lost表示“丢失”,含难以找回的意思,可作定语、表语或宾补(3)missing表示“失踪了,不见了”,强调某人物不在原处,可作定语、表语或宾补例：我的烧退了，但我还是咳嗽。My fever is _, but I still have a cough.父母终于找到了丢失的孩子。The parents found the _ child at last.我的词典不见了，谁拿走了？My dictionary is _. Whos taken it away?10、living、alive、live、lively的区别：四个词都来源于动词live“生活、居住”。(1)living读liviN有三个意思：“活着的、现存的”,作表语或定语,“一模一样的、逼真的”,相当于lively,意思是“强烈的、活泼的”；(2)live读laiv,指东西“活的”,可以替换为living；(3)alive读laiv作表语,指人“活着的”,如果作定语,则放在名词的后面；(4)lively读laivli有三个意思：有生气的、活泼的、快活的,(色彩)鲜艳的,生动的、真实的。例：A _ language should be learned orally。活的语言应该从口头上学We have a _ hope that you will succeed. 我们强烈地希望你能成功Is she still _? 她还活着吗？ This is a live fish. 这是条活鱼 They are the happiest children _. 他们是活着的最开心的孩子A _ wire(电线) is dangerous. 有电的电线是危险的She is as _ as a kitten(小猫). 她像小猫一样可爱He gave a _ description of the football match. 他生动地描述了那场足球赛11、sick与ill区别：(1)sick可以做定语、表语 (2)ill只能做表语例：He has been _for a long time and he is very weak now.Vets help treat _ pets and most of the pets owners like them. 一、单项选择( )1. What do you think of the dress? -Wonderful! I dont think I can find a _ one. A. good B. better C. bad D. worst( )2. Excuse me, The shoes are a bit small for me. Dont worry. Ill change them for a _ size.A. smaller B. smallest C. larger D. largest( )3. Helen, can I wear jeans and a T-shirt to the evening party? -OK. But a dress might be _.A. good B. better C. bad D. worse( )4. How far is it to the airport? 20 kilometers? -No, its _. About 30 kilometers.A. far B. farther C. the farther D. the farthest( )5. Pudong International Airport is one of _ airports in the world.A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest( )6. The flower smells _ and I like it very much. A. well B. good C. bad D. badly( )7. We lost the match because they had _ players. They had eleven and we had only nine!A. stronger B. younger C. fewer D. more( )8. Eighteen kids died in the school bus accident in Gansu Province. Its _ one that I have ever heard of.A. a very serious B. a more serious C. the most serious D. the least serious( )9. Do you think computers are more expensive than they were five years ago? -NO, they are _.A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest( )10. The mountain in our hometown isnt very _. -I agree with you. Few _ like to go sightseeing there.A. touristy; tourists B. touristy; tour C. tourists; touristy D. tourist; tourists( )11. The _ smell of success around her shows that she is a Dancing Queen on the stage.A. sweet B. tasty C. final D. great( )12. My sister is _. She likes making friends with others.A. shy B. quiet C. athletic D. outgoing( )13. Why are you so tired these days? -Well, I have _ work to do.A. too much B. too many C. much too D. many too( )14. If there are _ people driving, there will be _ air pollution. -Yes, the air will be fresher and cleaner.A. less; less B. less; fewer; C. fewer; fewer D. fewer; less( )15. You should practice more to improve your English, then youll be _ at it.A. good B. better C. best D. the best ( )16. The more you smile, the _ you will feel. A. happy B. happier C. happily D. more happily( )17. Harriet is lost and her parents are really _ her.A. interested in B. afraid of C. busy with D. worried about( )18. Why are you staying up so late playing computer games again? Stop being so _!A. funny B. silly C. serious D. clever( )19. We will have a field trip this afternoon. The news makes everyone_. A. excited B. frightened C. happily D. luckily( )20. I dont have enough money. This watch is too expensive. -Look, there are some more over there. Theyre _ and nice.A. big B. old C. small D. cheap( )21. The cake looks _. Yes, and it tastes even _.A. well; good B. nice; better C. good; worse D. better; best( )22. Is there _ in todays menu? -Yes. We have Beijing Duck.A. anything special B. special anything C. nothing special D. special nothing( )23. Hello! Golden Sun Hotel. Can I help you? -Do you have a room _ for this weekend?A. available B. useful C. empty D. possible( )24.Of the two girls, Lucy is one. I think you can find her easily. A. tallest B. the taller C. taller D. the tallest ( ) 25. Which is , the sun, the moon or the earth? A. big B. bigger C. the biggest D. the bigger ( ) 26. The ice in the lake is about one meter . Its strong enough to skate on. A. long B. high C. thick D. wide ( )27. Of all the subjects, chemistry seems to be _ for me. A. difficult B. too difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult( )28. This morning our headteacher came to school _ than _ student in our class.A. much early; any B. much earlier; any C. much early; any other D. much earlier; any other( )29. I find joining the English club _ because it has improved my speaking skills quickly. A. exciting B. boring C. relaxing D. frustrating( )30. Mr Wu, do you think I can study English well? -Yes, its _ for you to learn it well if you work hard. A. clever B. possible C. impossible D important( )31. Hi! Do you have any idea on how to save money? -Sure. I can always buy things at a _ price when there is a big sale in the mall.A. low B. lower C. cheaper D. cheap( )32. Are you feeling better today, dear? -No, even _. A. well B. better C. bad( )33. What do you think of the cake? -I like it very much. It tastes _. A. good B. terrible C. well D. best( )34. Who is _ running star in your college? -I think Wu Tao is. A. famous B. more famous C. the most famous D. less famous( )35. What do you think of the Final Match of Australian Open? -Ive never seen _ one. It lasted for more than 5hours.A. a long B. a longer C. the longer D. the longest( )36. How amazing the Great Wall is! -Yes, but it is very _ to climb it.A. tired B. surprising C. tiring D. surprised( )37. Guo Jingjing said that the coach was _ her when she joined the Chinese diving team.A. angry at B. strict with C. strict in D. afraid of( )38. John didnt know the boy and his mother. But it was _ of him to jump into the river and save the boy.A. happy B. brave C. weak D. strong( )39. But I still cant understand. You are too young. Youll understand when you grow _. A. old B. older C. elder D. oldest( )40. How long will Philip stay here? -Two _ weeks till he leaves.A. many B. much C. more D. another( )41. Lee came to Beijing in 2005. He has been here _ than you. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest( )42. What he says _. A. is sounded true B. is sounded to be true C. sounds truly D sounds true( )43. Hi, Ann! I won the first prize in the English Speech Contest. -. Congratulations! And I guess your parents must _ you.A. be mad at B. be proud of C. be angry with D. be impolite to( )44. We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen _ we speak.A. as twice much as B. twice as much as C. as much as twice D. as much twice as ( )45. Why is the traffic today moving so slowly? We are running late! -Calm down. Lets take _ route. Turn left over there.A. a same B. the same C. a different D. the different( )46. I wore sports shoes to the ball yesterday evening by mistake! -Oh, dear, you must be very _ at the ball!A. embarrassed B. satisfied C. tired D. surprised ( )47. Have you ever seen the movie called Los Angeles 2011? -Yes, but I think its _. I fell asleep when I saw it. A. exciting B. boring C. bored D. excited ( )48. -The cake is too expensive. Would you like to show me a _one? -Sure. Here you are.A. cheap B. cheaperC. cheapest( )49. Now more and more people are _ the dangers of drinking and driving. A. tired of B. aware of C. fond of D. proud of ( )50. Each of us has _ life goals, which will guide us to a bright future. Without life goals, we may waste our lifetime.A. a little B. few C. a few D. little ( )51. English people cant give up hamburgers or fried chicken because theyre delicious. However, the French are changing. They arent interested in _ food like before. A. fast B. healthy C. natural D. fresh( )52. Mr. Smith, I dont think we can get there on time by bike. -You mean its _ for us to take a taxi?A. necessary B. important C. possible D. different( )53. Are you satisfied with the result of the exam? -Not at all. I cant have _. A. a worse one B. a better one C. the worst one D. the best one( )54. We all like Miss Wang. She always makes her English classes _. A. interested B. interest C. interesting D. interests( )55. I had a hard time with math and I wasnt _ to get the bad report from my math teacher.A. sure B. surprised C. excited D. amazed( )56. Lets buy some cards for our teachers on Teachers Day. Why not make some by hand? Its much _.A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting( )57. Are you _ the dark? -Oh, yes. I always go to sleep with the light on.A. used to B. afraid of C. interested in D. good with.( )58. Oh! Whats the matter? -Im really _ all the time. I have no energy.A. busy B. happy C. tired D. excited( )59. The air in mountain areas is _ that in big cities. A. as fresh as B fresher than C. as dirty as D. dirtier than( )60. Dick, is Nick your twin brother? -Yes, and Im 1cm _ than him.A. more tall B. taller C. more taller D. less taller( )61. I have been studying for the exams so long. I feel _. A. relaxing B. stressed out C. comfortable D. interested( )62. Mrs. King kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting. A. heavy B. heavier C. the heavier D. the heaviest ( )63. What delicious cakes! They would taste _ with butter.A. good B. better C. bad D. worse ( )64. I think math is _ English. I dont think so. I think English is more difficult.A. as useful as B. as important as C. as difficult as D. as easier as ( )65. Toms father thinks he is already _ . A. high enough B. tall enough C. enough high D. enough tall( )66. What _ news it was! Yes, all of the children were very _. . A. surprising; surprised B. surprising; surprising C. surprised; surprised D. surprised; surprising ( )67 This kind of fruit looks _. Yes, and it tastes even _. A. well; good B. nice; better C. good; worse D. better; best ( )68. He became _ when he heard the exciting news. A. angry B. angrily C. happy D. happily ( )69. Please dont eat ice cream. Its bad for your health. A. much too B. too much C. too many D. many too ( )70. I believe that _ you work, _ result youll get. A. the harder; the better B. the harder; a better C. the more hard; the more better D. more hard; more better( )71. Health is money. But I think it is money. A. as important as B. more important than C. so important than D. the same as( )72. Many Chinese students