外研版高一(B2)Module.doc

新课标高中英语详解与练习（外研版）（必修2）Book 2 Module 1 Our Body and Healthy Habits学习目标预览话题身体疾病和健康 生活习惯和保健重点单词diet fit anxious injure重点短语be connected with lie down begin with重点结构get colds与get cold辨析 make宾语宾语补足语 see sb doing sth make sure (that) would rather do sth. (than do sth) as 引导时间状语从句 adj. / adv. +enough (+for sb) to do sth 动词-ing短语作时间状语 as 引导定语从句 祈使句 + and / or + 陈述句 不定式短语作定语 动词-ing短语作定语语法名词转化为动词 will与be going to表示将来的区别功能谈论未来日常用语Terrific! That couldnt be better. to be off work I have a sweet tooth. Oh dear! Im crazy about (football).相关话题链接阅读下列材料，思考一下自己的饮食习惯是否符合健康饮食规则。Rules for Healthy EatingThere are some rules for good eating:1. Eat breakfast, lunch and dinner.2. Lose weight if you need to.3. Eat more fruit and vegetables.4. Eat less fat. Try not to eat foods with lots of fat!5. Eat less sugar. Try not to eat sweets.6. Eat less salt. Dont eat foods with lots of salt!7. Exercise every day.8. Eat less meat.课文课前预习Zhou Kai (1) (2)一、阅读课文，然后判断下列句子的正(T)误(F)：1. Zhou Kai is going to play computer games.2. Zhou Kais family eat a lot of fresh fruit and vegetables.3. Zhou Kai is too heavy, so he is now on a diet.4. Zhou Kai seldom gets bad colds or flu.5. Zhou Kai hurt his arm while playing football two years ago.二、根据课文的内容，完成下列表格：Zhou Kais favourite game1.Zhou Kais main diet2.Zhou Kais living place3.Zhou Kais health4.Zhou Kais role in the school team5.语言知识讲练Section 1 INTRODUCTION, VOCABULARY AND READINGINTRODUCTION1. be connected with to be related to 与有联系 It is reported that lung (肺) cancer is connected with smoking. 据报道肺癌与吸烟有关联。 connect . with, join . to的辨析：connect . with指两事物在某些方面有关联，但各自保持自己的特点和独立性，可用于具体事物或抽象概念；join . to强调原来是分离的东西，现在连接或联合在一起。试比较：A good student must connect what he reads with what he sees and hears. 一个好学生必须把他所读到的与他的所见所闻联系起来。Join the end of the wire to another, and the machine will start to work. 连上这两条电线，这台机器就会开始运转。2. diet n. the food that you eat and drink regularly 饮食；日常食物 vi.to eat less food or only food of a particular type in order to lose weight 按规定进食 She has decided to go on a diet before her holiday. 她决定在休假前开始节食。(to go on a diet = to lose weight)Mary is always dieting but she never seems to lose any weight. 玛丽总是在节食，但体重好像并未减少。3. fit adj. healthy and strong 健康的；强健的 My mother tries to keep fit by jogging every day. 我母亲每天慢跑以保持健康。 be fit for sth 胜任某事Hes fit for the job. 他适合做这项工作。be fit to do sth 适合做某事The water in this well is not fit to drink. 这口井的水不宜饮用。4. I sometimes get colds and flu. 我有时候会患感冒和流感。 get colds意为“患感冒”，也可说 get a cold, catch (a) cold。注意不要将get a cold与get cold相混淆，get cold意为“变冷”。试比较：Its getting cold and be careful not to get a cold. 天气开始变冷，注意不要着凉了。5. Early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起使人健康、富有和聪明。“make宾语宾语补足语”为常用句型，其中的宾语补足语可由名词、形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词等充当，例如： She made him her assistant. 他挑选他做她地助手。 The news made us happy. 这则消息使我们非常高兴。The teacher made the children sit still. 老师让孩子们静静地坐着。He cant speak good English, but he can make himself understood. 他说不好英语，但他能使别人听懂他的话。VOCABULARY AND READING 6. anxious adj. feeling worried or nervous; wanting sth very much焦虑的；不安的；渴望的If youre anxious about your health, share your anxieties with your doctor. 你要是担心你的健康，就把你的忧虑告诉医生吧。be anxious about . 担心；焦虑anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；渴望anxiously adv. 焦虑地7. injure vt. to harm sb physically, especially in an accident 伤害 Luckily, she was only slightly injured in this accident. 幸运的是，她在这次事故中只受了一 点轻伤。injure, hurt, harm的辨析：injure指意外伤害或事故造成的伤害等，尤指一时难愈之伤；hurt既可指肉体上的伤害，也指精神上的伤害；harm一般指伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及一个人的健康、权利等。试比较：The boy injured (= hurt) his leg playing football. 这个男孩踢足球时腿受了伤。Dont harm your eyes by reading in dim light. 不要在昏暗的灯光下读书，会伤害你的眼睛的。I didnt want to hurt her feelings. 我不想伤害她的感情。8. When Zhou Kais mother saw him heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously. 周凯的妈妈看到他没穿夹克朝前门走去，担心地盯着她。heading towards the front door在句中作宾语him的补足语。see sb doing sth意为“看见某人正在做某事”。head在此为动词，意为“(朝方向)出发”，“动身”，常与to, towards, for连用。with / without复合宾语（名词或代词分词、不定式、介词短语、形容词或副词），表示一种伴随状态，在句中作状语和定语。例如：The teacher entered the office with a dictionary under his arm. 老师走进办公室，腋下夹着一本词典。Soon we came to a farmhouse with a group of children in front of it. 很快我们来到前面有一群孩子的农舍。9. . said Zhou Kai, as he opened the door. 周凯一边开门一边说as在此意为“当时”，强调主句和从句的两个动作同时发生，且表示两个短的动 作或事情同时发生，如：He jumps as he goes along. 他边走边跳。As the wind rose the noise increased. 刮风的时候噪声增大。10. My mother has always made sure we eat very healthily . 我妈妈总是想方设法让我们吃健康食物 make sure 确保；查明；弄清 Make sure (that) all the lights are turned off before you leave office. 离开办公室前，一定要把所有的灯都关了。 have a sweet tooth 喜爱甜食11. . Id rather eat a nice piece of fruit. 我宁愿吃一块美味的水果。 would rather do sth 宁愿做 would rather do sth than do sth. 或would do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做而不愿做 I would rather stay at home than go to the cinema. 我宁愿待家里，也不愿去看电影。 would rather sb did sth 宁愿某人做某事 He would rather his friend came on Saturday evening. 他宁愿他的朋友星期六晚上来。12. But thats because I was stupid enough to play football in the rain. 但是那次感冒是因为我蠢得竟然在雨中踢足球。enough常置于形容词和副词后作状语，后接不定式短语。该句可转换为：. I was so stupid that I played football in the rain. 句型：adj. / adv. +enough (+for sb) to do.，意为“足够（某人）做”，如：Hes old enough to join the army. 他已到了参军的年龄。I was foolish enough to believe him. 我可真够糊涂的，竟然相信他的话。13. Two years ago I broke my arm playing football. 两年前，我在踢足球时摔断了胳膊。 playing football 为动词-ing短语作时间状语，相当于when / while I was playing football， 又如：“What a beautiful garden!” said the little girl, looking out of the window. “多么漂亮的花园啊！”小女孩看着窗外说道。14. So as you can see from what Ive said, Im a normal kind of person. 因此从我所说的话中你可以看出，我是一个平常的人。as在此为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，作宾语，代指主句的全部内容。as引导的定语从句可置于主句前面、中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开。which也有类似用法，但引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。试比较：As is known to all, the first Modern Olympic Games started in 1896. 人所共知，第一届现代奥林匹克运动会始于1896年。He drank beer, which made him very fat. 他喝啤酒，这使他发胖。 be crazy about 对着迷；为而疯狂15. Im captain of the class team at school . 我是学校班级队的队长captain在此意为“队长”。表示头衔的名词作表语、同位语或补足语时，前面一般不用冠词，如：He was made monitor of our class. 他被当选为我们的班长。 In 1993 Bill Clinton became (the) President of the United States. 1993年，比尔克林顿成为美国总统。 describe . as 把描述为 FUNCTION16. Go to bed now or youll really be tired tomorrow. 现在就去睡觉，否则你明天会真的很疲劳。 这是个“祈使句 + and / or + 陈述句”结构。祈使句表示条件，and表示递进，or表示转折，如： Take this medicine and you will feel better soon. 把这药吃了，你很快就会好转的。 Work hard, or you will fail the exam. 努力学习，要不然你考试就不能通过。一、根据释义写出单词。1. t_ pain in a tooth2. f_ an infectious disease like a very bad cold, that causes fever, pains and weakness3. r_ not happening very often4. o_ too heavy and fat5. a_ very bad or unpleasant6. t_ the measurement of how hot sbs body is7. c_ to force out air suddenly and noisily through your throat, for example when you have a cold8. d_ to eat less food or only food of a particular type in order to lose weight 9. i_ to harm sb physically, especially in an accident10. c_ very excited about sth or liking sb very much二、选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. The doctor has put me on a low-salt _ to reduce the risk of heart disease. A. food B. dietC. dishD. meal2. I smell something _ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (2007 全国)A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt 3. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mothers voice _ him. (2007 上海) A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call4. Jim was described by his classmates _ unusual because he often has strange ideas.A. as B. forC. as D. to5. How was the televised debate last night? Super! Rarely _ so much media attention. (2007 上海)A. a debate attracted B. did a debate attract C. a debate did attract D. attracted a debate6. My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve. (2007 江 苏) A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good7. While watching television, _. (2005 全国)A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings8. My mother always gets a bit _ if we dont arrive when we say we will. (2005 浙江)A. anxiousB. ashamedC. weakD. patient9. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. (2003 全国)A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked10. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2001 全国)A. It B. As C. That D. What11. Its not a good idea to eat much sugar because it can make you _ weight quickly.A. put upB. put outC. put intoD. put on12. I dont know the meaning of the English proverb “You are _ you eat.” Can you explain it to me? A. how B. why C. what D. when13. Do you mind if I smoke here? Well, Id rather you _.A. dontB. didntC. haventD. wont 14. After taking her temperature, the nurse said her temperature was _ and she didnt have a fever. A. ordinaryB. usualC. normalD. common15. _ should I take the medicine, doctor? Take it three times a day.A. How muchB. How longC. How soonD. How often 三、用适当的介词或副词填空。1. No potatoes for me Im _ a diet.2. We were _ of breath after the marathon race.3. Most of the children are crazy _ the fast food.4. I wont sit next to a smoker, as I hate breathing _ the cigarette smoke.5. The young boy broke his arm and cried _ pain.6. The hunter (猎人) was heading _ the forest, _ a dog following him.四、根据所给的汉语完成下列各句。1. _ (这些城镇由连接起来) train and bus services.2. He is _ (身体够强健) to run twice that distance.3. She is _ (已到自己作决定的年龄了).4. Its freezing cold today. Dont go out _ (否则你会感冒的).5. Parents are naturally _ (为儿女担心).6. After he hurt his leg, _ (他发现走路太痛苦了).7. The lost girl told the police that she _ (盼望尽早见到父母).8. I very rarely get colds or flu _ (因为我参加很多锻炼).9. _ (众所周知), Taiwan is an inseparable part of China.10. The boy is crazy about computer games. He _ (宁愿待在家) to play computer games than go to the cinema on Saturday night.Section 2 GRAMMAR一、名词用作动词 1. 一个词由一种词类转到另一种或另几种词类而不发生词形的变化，称为转化 (Conversion)。名词转化为动词后，常常表示具有该名词活动特点、性质特征的动作。这类名词有如下几类：类别例词人体部位类head, face, hand, eye, shoulder, stomach, leg, nose, back, mouth, foot地点处所类room, house, corner, ground, floor, bridge时间季节类summer, winter, weekend用品物件类pencil, pen, pocket, glass, machine, gun身份职务类master, partner, pioneer, volunteer, nurse, pilot, mother, father, doctor, host, man, soldier, officer自然现象类rain, snow, storm, wind通讯交通类bus, truck, wheel, radio, train自然物质类dust, air, oil, salt动物名称类snake, dog, worm, duck2. 名词在转化为动词时，需要注意以下几点：(1) 意义相关例词名词（n.）意义动词（v.）意义nurse护士照料；护理hand手交出；传递ship船把装上船；用船运map地图绘制的地图；在地图上标示出father父亲成为父亲；是的父亲fool傻子愚弄；骗取group组把分组；聚集bicycle自行车骑自行车monkey猴子胡闹；闲荡(2) 读音改变例词名词读音动词读音house/ haus / hauz /use/ ju:s / ju:z /increase/ inkri:s / inkri:z /record/ rek d / re k d /二、will和be going to表示将来的区别1. 下列情况常用will：(1) 单纯谈到将来的事情，无主观因素，即表示必然性。If today is Monday, tomorrow will be Tuesday. 如果今天是星期一，明天就是星期二。He will be forty on his next birthday. 下一个生日他就40岁了。(2) 表示习惯性、经常性和倾向性。Boys will be boys. 男孩子毕竟是男孩子。He will sit there for hours reading. 他一坐就是几个小时在那里读书。(3) 表示说话时决定马上要做的动作，尤其是听了对方的话之后而做出的反应。The telephone is ringing. Ill answer it. 电话铃响了，我去开门。(4) 表示说话人的推测，较肯定或有信心。If he says he will come, he will. 如果他说来，他肯定会来。She will be all right after taking the medicine. 吃药后她会好的。(5) 表示意愿。Let her do that, if she will. 如果她愿意，就让她做那件事。She wont open the door. 她拒不开门。2. 下列情况常用be going to： (1) 表示经过事先考虑或安排后的事情。My friend is in hospital, and Im going to see him tomorrow. 我的朋友在住院，我打算明天去看他。Im going to clean the kitchen this afternoon. 我准备今天下午打扫一下厨房。(2) 口语中表示看来就要发生的事情。 Look at the clouds. It is going to rain. 看看天上的云，要下雨了。I feel terrible. I think Im going to be sick. 我难受极了。我想我要生病了。3. be going to有时可与will换用：It will take a long time to finish the homework. 完成这些家庭作业要花很多时间。is going to She wont tell us her age. 她不想告诉我们她的的年龄。isnt going to He will give up smoking one day. 有一天他要戒烟的。is going to 一、将下列句子译成汉语，注意斜体字的含义。1.She nursed her daughter back to health._2.She handed the letter to me._3.The company ships its goods all over the world._4.She certainly had me fooled._5.The books are grouped together by subject._二、根据括号内的汉语提示，用一个从名词转化来的动词完成句子，注意其形式的变化。1. We _ (吃午餐) together in a small restaurant yesterday.2. She turned and _ (面对着) him. 3. He _ (注视着) the American woman curiously.4. Many British birds _ (过冬) in Africa.5. They _ (度周末) in Paris now.6. Stop _ (像母亲般地照顾) me!7. It _ (下雪) for three days without stopping.8. All the rooms had all been cleaned and freshly _ (通风).9. The captain of the sinking ship _(用无线电发送) for help.10. She and Nancy _(合租一个房间) together when they were at college.三、从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。1. _ leave at the end of the month. I dont think you should do that until _ another job. (2006 北京)A. Im going to; youd found B. Im going to; youve found C. Ill; youll find D. Ill; youd find 2. What would you do if it _ tomorrow? We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready. (2005 全国)A. rainB. rainsC. will rainD. is raining3.Lets keep to the point or we _ any decisions. (2004 全国) A. will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reached4. Did you tell Julia about the results? Oh, no, I forgot. I _ her now. (2005 全国) A. will be calling B. will call C. call D. am to call5. You _ back to have dinner, wont you? Certainly I will. But dont wait for me and Ill be back very late. A. comeB. are comingC. will comeD. are going to come6. What will happen to housing costs? Well, theres good news for buyers. _.A. Prices are still going up. B. Prices wont increase.C. Prices are very low.D. Prices would have been high.7. Im calling to find out if Mr Coleman could see me at 3 tomorrow afternoon. Yes, hes free then. Ill tell him you _.A. had goneB. have come C. would be goingD. will be coming8. How long is he planning to stay here? I think at least two years. He _ back until he finishes his studies for the Masters degree. A. wont be B. hasnt been C. hadnt been D. wouldnt be 9. Alice wants me to ask you if she could come in to see you to get some tutoring on Friday. Friday is good for me. I have no class on that day and _ glad to help her.A. I wasB. Ive been C. Ill be glad D. Im10. Have you read the book I gave you? No, but _ it soon.A. I read B. Im going to read C. Ive read D. Id read 四、用will或be going to填空。1.If Tom wont come, we _ lose the game.2. I have a pain in my head and I _ have a check in the hospital.3.Hundreds of people _ be out of work if the factory closes.4. Please lie down and I _ examine you.5.The weather forecast says that it _ be warm tomorrow.Section 3 FUNCTION CULTURAL CORNERLISTENING AND VOCABULARY 1. lie down to be or get into a flat position, especially in bed 躺下lie的过去式是lay，注意lie down与lay down不能混淆，lay down意为“放下”。试比较：He laid down his tool and lay down on the grass to have a rest. 他放下工具，躺倒在草地上休息一会儿。EVERYDAY ENGLISH2. to be off work not to go work 不上班；休假 Ill be off work for two weeks. 我将休假两个星期。WRITING3. begin with start with 以开始注意to begin with意为“首先”，为不定式短语，通常用于句首，是独立成分。试比较： Begin with some information about yourself. 从你的一些个人信息开始写。 To begin with, you must provide us with some information about yourself. 首先，你得向我们提供你的一些个人信息。CULTURAL CORNER4. Britain was the first country in the world to have a free health care system paid for by the government. 英国是世界上第一个由政府负担经费，实行免费医疗的国家。to have a free health care system为不定式作定语，被修饰名词与不定式动词为主谓关系。又如：Many years later, Norma Enrique Basilio became the first woman ever to light the Olympic flame. 多年以后，诺尔马恩里克巴西略成为第一个点燃奥运火炬的女子。5. Health care is free for everyone living in Britain. 每个住在英国的人都享有免费保健服务。 living in Britain为动词-ing短语作定语，修饰everyone，如： I didnt talk much to the man sitting next to me. 我同坐在我旁边的那个男子谈话不多。 put . into . 将投入 as a result 结果 become ill 生病一、用适当的介词或副词填空。1. Lay _ your arms, or Ill shoot you.2. He had to lie _ for a while to rest his legs.3. Our manager will be _ work for a month, so his assistant will take his place.4. Yesterday I went to see a doctor _ my stomachache. 5. The Olympic Games begin _ a parade of all the competing nations.二、将下列短语译成英语。1. 量体温