专业英语.doc

1一、专业术语英汉互译（每小题1分，共36分）1.multi-pointtool2.nationalstandard3.toolwear4.leadscrew5.enginelathe6.MEMS7.ernalturning21.rack-and-pinion22.machinetool23.spurgear24.manipulatedvariable25.特种加工工艺26.残余应力27.电火花加工28.过盈配合29.基孔制30.自由度31.齿轮传动32.一级减速33.闭环控制34.伺服机构35.分辨率36.数字信号二、单句英汉互译（每小题4分，共40分）1.Medium-carbonsteelisgenerallyusedinapplicationsrequiringhigherstrengththanisavailableinlow-carbonsteels,suchasinmachinery,inautomotiveandagriculturalequipmentparts(gears,axles,connectingrods,crankshafts),inrailroadequipment,andinpartsformetalworkingmachinery.2.Inturning,aworkpieceisrotatedaboutitsaxisassingle-pointcuttingtoolsarefedintoit,shearingawayexcessmaterialandcreatingthedesiredcylindricalsurface.3.Inchemicalmachining,materialisremovedfromselectedareasofworkpiecebyimmersingitinachemicalreagentsoretchants,suchasacidsandalkaline2solutions.4.Howmatingpartsorassembliesfittogetherwithcomponentpartsisreferredtoasfit,whichincludesclearancefit,interferencefit,ortransitionfit,seeFig.7.3.5.Jigsarerarelyclampedonthemachinetablebecauseitisnecessarytomovethejigonthetabletoalignthevariousbushinginthejigwiththemachinespindle.6.Thesimplestarrangementofspurgearsisasinglepairofgearscalledasinglereductionstage,whereoutputrotationisinadirectionoppositethatoftheinput.7.Intheopen-loopcontrolsystem,notonlyarethevaluesoftheparametersofaprocessoftennotpreciselyknown,buttheymayalsochangegreatlywithoperatingconditions.8.Atransducerisadevicewhichconvertsthequantitybeingmeasuredintoanoptical,mechanical,ormorecommonly-electricalsignal.9.不必要的紧公差会导致由于昂贵的制造方法和较高的废品率所带来的高的制造成本。10.齿轮传动系统主要用于工业设备如机床、汽车、工程机械、农业机械以及建筑机械。三、根据英文意思选择合适的单词或词组（每小题2分，共10分）1.Apressisusedtoboreholesintoaworkpiece.2.Aisarandompointcuttingtoolwhichusesabrasivesintheshapeofawheel,bondedtoabelt,astickorsimplysuspendedinliquid.3.Aholdstheworkpieceandrotatesit,andthesharpenededgeofatoolcutsandremovesmaterial.4.isarelativelysimplecuttingoperationwhichflatssurface.5.Aisversatilemachinetoolwhichisusefulformachiningtherough3surfaceofaworkpieceflatandsmoothandforshapingthemwithslots.AplanningBmillingmachineClatheDgrindingmachineEleadscrewFbandsawGdrill四、文献段落翻译（14分）Processplanningrepresentsthelinkbetweenengineeringdesignandshop-floormanufacturing.Itisconcernedwithselectingmethodsofproduction:tooling,fixtures,machinery,sequenceofoperations,andassembly.Allofthesediverseactivitiesmustbeplanned,whichtraditionallyhasbeendonebyprocessplanners.Thesequenceofprocessesandoperationstobeperformed,themachinestobeused,thestandardtimeforeachoperation,andsimilarinformationallaredocumentedonaroutingsheet.Whendonemanually,thistaskishighlylabor-intensiveandtime-consumingandreliesheavilyontheexperienceoftheprocessplanner.Modernpracticeinroutingsheetsistostoretherelevantdataincomputersandaffixabarcode(orotheridentification)tothepart.InordertoshortenthegapbetweenCADandCAM,manycomputerizedprocessplanningapproacheshavebeendevelopedtoaccomplishthetaskofprocessplanninginthepastdecades.Theseapproachesareknownascomputer-aidedprocessplanning(CAPP).WiththehelpofCAPP,bette