初中英语词汇教与学.ppt

,新目标下的初中英语词汇教学,引言,在语言教学中，词汇教学占有十分重要的地位。词汇教学是初中英语教学的重点和难点。,一、目前农村初中英语词汇教学的现状和存在的问题,主要表现在学生在单词的理解和记忆上存在困难，学生的词汇量达不到要求，教师没有有意识地培养学生的思维能力，词汇教学方法单一。,二、新课程标准下初中英语词汇教学的新特点,词汇教学要注重营造生动有趣的情境，激发学生学习的兴趣，以学生为主体，将文化意识渗透于词汇教学中。,Youarealuckydog.你真是个幸运儿。Everydoghashisday.凡人都有得意时。Loveme,lovemydog.爱屋及乌。Davidworkslikeadog.David工作真卖劲儿。Yourpartnerisadirtydog.你的合伙人是个卑鄙小人。Heisreallyadeaddog.他是个没用的东西。Teachanolddognewtricks.班门弄斧。Giveadogabadnameandhanghim.谗言可畏。,Dog,三、初中英语词汇教学原则,1、识词于话语；2、音、形、义结合；3、针对不同词汇类别采用不同教法；4、循序渐进，逐步扩展；5、反复复习，巩固记忆；6、培养学生自学词汇的能力。,四、初中英语词汇教学的策略,（一）介绍新单词，可采用多样化的教学方法。1使用直观手段释义2利用构词法释义3利用同义词释义4利用反义词释义5利用下定义法释义6利用各种关系释义7利用各种情境释义8使用汉语释义（用英语难解释时）,四、初中英语词汇教学的策略,（二）操练新单词教授了新词后，要设计大量的练习，让学生在语境中反复操练，帮助学生了解单词的确切意思并最终掌握它们的用法。,四、初中英语词汇教学的策略,（三）词汇的扩展教学1.利用联想；2.利用拼读规则；3.利用构词法知识；4.利用归纳对比；5.易混淆词的对比；6.词组归类教学法；7.自己探究规律。8.收集有趣的课外词汇,四、初中英语词汇教学的策略,（四）词、句、篇教学，提高学生学习和运用词汇的能力。1、Word:ThemobilephoneismadeinChina.2、Sentence:Thismachineismadeofmetal.Thissweaterismadeofwool.3、Passage:Ihaveaniceclassroom.Thereisablackboard,fivewindowsandmanydesksandchairsinit.Theblackboardismadeofmetal.Thedesksandchairsaremadeofwood.Thewindowsaremadeofglassandmetal.Ilovemyclassroom.,四、初中英语词汇教学的策略,（五）提高学生词汇学习兴趣的几种教学法。1口诀教学法；2故事教学法；3名言警句教学法；4谜语教学法；5游戏教学法；6多媒体情感教学法。,五、词汇的识记与巩固,（一）帮助学生形成科学的学习方法1.词汇表多元记忆法；2.读音规则记忆法；3.分析单词的形态；4.联想记忆；5.合作记忆（互动记忆）；6.卡片式尝试记忆；7.及时有效的复习和测试。,艾宾浩斯的遗忘曲线,五、词汇的识记与巩固,（二）端正学习动机，培养学习兴趣。1教师应帮助学生端正学习词汇的态度，克服心理障碍；2熟练掌握积极词汇，妥善处理消极词汇；3有效地制定词汇学习计划，同时增加课外词汇量。,tigerelephant,koaladolphinpanda,lionpenguingiraffe,Example1,Example2,ChinaKoreaJapanAustralia,AmericaCanadaBritainFrance,Example3,六、结束语,要不断改进教学方法，培养学生自主学习的能力和良好的学习习惯，为他们今后的英语学习打下坚实的基础。,思考与互动,1、你认为农村初中英语词汇教学还有哪些好的教学方法？2、以八年级下册unit8的部分词汇为例，谈谈应该如何开展词汇教学。commentalbumpersonalspecialreceivegavespidermousesnakehamsterturtlechildpigpot-belliedadvantagedisadvantageperfectrabbitcompanycostasleepchoosepresentopenlaterbenchSwedeninsteadfallasleepgiveaway,July，2009,Thankyou,NightandDay,BACK,Everyday.Underthesun.Everynight.Underthestars.Nightandday.Isleepandplay.Whatabeautifulday.Theskyisblue.Timetowakeup.Goodmorningtoyou.Whatabeautifulnight.Lookatthestars.Itstimetosleep.Goodnight.,Abookstoreisastorewherebooksaresold.Anounisthenameofaperson,place,orthing.Ahospitalisaplacewheredoctorsandnurseswork.,Examples,BACK,事物的特征Iceiscold.Waterturnsintoiceinwinter.因果关系Johnhasnottakenhisbreakfast,soheishungry.Johnhasdrunkalotofwater,soheisnotthirstynow.先后关系或自然顺序Springcomesbeforesummer.Summercomesbeforeautumn.SundaycomesbeforeMonday.MondaycomesbeforeTuesday.Wetakeourbreakfastatseventhirtyinthemorning.Wetakeourlunchattwelve.,Examples,BACK,合成法,由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，这种构词法叫做合成法。复合名词classroom（名词+名词）blackboard（形容词+名词）复合形容词worldwide（名词+形容词）good-looking（名词+分词）复合动词overcome（副词+动词）复合数词fifty-four（数词+数词）复合代词everyonesomebodyanythingnobody（不定代词+名词）复合副词downstairs（形容词+名词）whole-heartedly（副词+副词）,派生法,在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀构成新词，这种构词法叫做派生法。加在单词前的词缀叫前缀，加在后面的词缀叫后缀。,转化法,一个单词由一种词类转换为另一种词类，这种构词法叫转化法。单词转化后的意义往往与之前的意义联系密切。名词转化为动词show（n.展览、展示）show（v.表演、展出）water（n.水）water（v.浇水）形容词转化为动词slow（adj.慢的）slow（v.放慢）动词转化为名词walk（v.散步、走）walk（n.散步）look（v.看）look（n.看一下，看一看）,缩写和简写,缩写和简写（也被称为截断法或缩短法）主要采取“截头”、“去尾”或者“既截头又去尾”的方法来生成新词。如：telephonephoneairplaneplanelaboratorylabmathematicsmathadvertisementadexaminationexaminfluenzaflu另外还有很多缩写词是由各个单词的首字母组成，如：CCTV（ChinaCentraltelevision）kg（kilogram）NBA（NationalBasketballAssociation）UFO（unidentifiedflyingobject）UN（UnitedNations）ID（identification）USA（UnitedStatesofAmerica）,BACK,词组归类,looklookforlookaboutlookafterlookoutlookuplooklikelookatlookovergetgetupgetwellgetdressedgetbackgettogetoutofgetintogetoffgetongetreadyforgetonwith,BACK,orange,banana,apple,pear,grape,fruit,car,plane,train,bus,ship,traffic,BACK,BrainTwisters,1.Whatisthesmallestroomintheworld?2.Whatkindofdogdoesntbiteorbark?3.Whatmatchcantbeputinamatch-box?4.Whattableisinthefield?5.Wheredoesafternooncomebeforemorningintheworld?6.Whatmousewonteatcheeseatall?,BrainTwisters,1.Whatisthesmallestroomintheworld?answer：Mushroom.2.Whatkindofdogdoesntbiteorbark?answer：Hotdog.3.Whatmatchcantbeputinamatch-box?answer：Footballmatch,basketballmatch,etc.4.Whattableisinthefield?answer：Vegetable.5.Wheredoesafternooncomebeforemorningintheworld?answer：Inthedictionary.6.Whatmousewonteatcheeseatall?answer：Acomputermouse.,BACK,EnglishProverbs,Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.（有志者，事竟成。）Tosayisonethingandtodoisanother.（说来容易，做来难。）Twoheadsarebetterthanone.（两人智慧胜一人。）Everydoghashisday.（凡人皆有得意日。）Dontteachfishtoswim.（不要班门弄斧。）Seeingisbelieving.（眼见为实。）Practicemakesperfect.（熟能生巧。）Betterlatethannever.（亡羊补牢，犹未为晚。）,BACK,Hamburg,BACK,hamburger,Bingo游戏,BACK,Bingo！,YouandMe,BACK,YouandMe,Fromoneworld,Wearefamily.Traveldream,Athousandmiles,MeetinginBeijing.Comealongtogether,Putyourhandinmine.YouandMe,Fromoneworld,Wearefamily.,Someirregularverbs,AAA：hithithitputputputABB：makemade-madeleaveleft-leftABA：runranruncomecame-comeiau：singsang-sungdrinkdrankdrunk,BACK,序数词的记忆口诀,1、2、3，特殊记，词尾字母t、d、d。8减t，9去e，f来把ve替。若是遇到整十数，y变ie加th。若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。,Betterthanbest,Good,better,bestNeverletitrestTillgoodisbetterAndbetterbest,BACK,costspendpaytake,Howmuchdidthatbagcost?Ispendalotoftimeonmyhomework.Ispendtwodollars(in)buyingtheskirt.Ipaid150dollarsforthatdress.Ittookthemonehourtogettotheairport.选用spend,take,cost,pay填空。1.I1,200yuanonthephoneyesterday.2.Itushalfanhourtofinishthework.3.Thepairofshoesmeover500yuan.4.Onemustforwhathe/sheeatsanddrinksinarestaurant.5.MybrotherallhissparetimeinpracticingEnglish.,costspendpaytake,Howmuchdidthatbagcost?Ispendalotoftimeonmyhomework.Ispendtwodollars(in)buyingtheskirt.Ipaid150dollarsforthatdress.Ittookthemonehourtogettothe