2018-2019学年高一英语上学期10月月考试题(含解析).doc

2018-2019学年高一英语上学期10月月考试题(含解析)（满分150分，时间120分钟）阅读理解（共两节，每题2分，满分60分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。第一节（共25小题；每小题 2 分，满分 50 分）You can start horse-riding at any age. Choose private or group lessons any weekday between 9 am and 8:30 pm (3:30 pm on Saturdays). There are 10 kilometres of tracks and paths for leisurely rides across farmland and open country. You will need a riding hat.Opening Hours: Monday through Friday:9:00 am一8:30 pmPhone: (412)396-6754 Fax: (412)3966752Sailing Club:Our Young Sailors Course leads to the Stage 1 Sailing qualification. You11 learn how to sail safely and the course also covers sailing theory and first aid. Have fun with other course members afterwards in the clubroom. There are 10 weekly twohour lessons (Tuesdays 6 pm8 pm).Opening Hours: Tuesdays: 6:00 pm一8:00 pmPhone: (412)3966644 Fax: (412)3966644Diving Centre:Our experienced instructors offer one-month courses in deep-sea diving for beginners. There are two evening lessons a week, in which you learn to breathe underwater and use the equipment safely. You only need a swimming costume and towel. Reduced rates for couples.Opening Hours: Monday and Friday: 6:30pm一8:30pmPhone: (412)3966312 Fax: (412)3966706Medical Center:The staff of the Medical Center aim to provide convenient and prehensive medical care to students and staff of the university. The center is well equipped and the staff here are trained to deal with a broad range of medical problems. Both female and male doctors as well as nursing staff are available for consultation. Also, all kinds of medicines are sold here and are cheaper for students than other drugstores.Opening Hours: 24 hour from Monday to SundayPhone: (412)3966649 Fax: (412)3966648Watersports Club:We use a two-kilometre length of river for speedboat racing, and water-skiing. A beginners course consists of ten 20-minute lessons. You will learn to handle boats safely and confidently, but must be able to swim. The club is in a convenient central position and is open daily from 9 a.m to 4 p.m, with lessons all through the day.Opening Hours: Monday through Friday: 9 am一4pmPhone: (412)396-6899 Fax: (412)39668901. If you want to swim and enjoy activities which are fast and a bit dangerous, you should join _.A. Watersports Club B. Diving CentreC. Sailing Club D. Riding School2. If you want to experience a new activity in the countryside in the mornings, you may fax .A. (412)396-6648 B. (412)396-6706C. (412)396-6752 D. (412)39668763. If you are planning to explore the ocean depths, you should attend your lessons at .A. 24 hour from Monday to SundayB. Monday through Friday: 7:00am一10:00pmC. Tuesdays: 6:00 pm一8:00 pmD. Monday and Friday: 6:30pm一8:30pm4. You want to do an activity one evening a week and get a diploma in the end, you can go to .A. Watersports Club B. Diving centerC. Sailing Club D. Riding School5. Which is NOT the convenience that the Medical Center provides?A. Good equipment. B. Well trained staff members.C. Various expensive medicines. D. Nursery service.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. C【解析】本文属于说明文，讲述的是几项很有特色的活动，介绍了各项活动的具体信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。据最后一项We are a two-kilometer length of river for speedboat racing, and water-skiing, A beginners course consists of ten 20-minute lessons. You will learn to handle boats safely and confidently, but must be able to swim.可知如果你喜欢水上运动，请来Watersports Club，故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题题。根据第一项中You can start horse-riding at any age. Choose private or group lessons any weekday between 9 a.m. and 8:30 p.m. (3:30p.m. on Saturday). There are 10 kilometers of tracks and paths for leisurely rides across farmland and open country.可知，故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Diving center中Our experienced instructors offer one-month courses in deep-sea diving for beginners.以及Opening Hours: Monday and Friday: 6:30pm一8:30pm可知，该项活动的时间为周一至周五晚上6：30晚上8：30，故选D。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二项Our Young Sailors Course leads to the Stage 1 Sailing qualificationHave fun with other course members , afterwards in the clubroomThere are 10 weekly two-hour 1essons (Tuesdays 6 pm8 pm)可知，故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据The staff of the Medical Center aim to provide convenient and prehensive medical care to students and staff of the universityThe center is well equipped and the staff here are trained to deal with a broad range of medical problemsBoth female and male doctors as well as nursing staff are available for consultationAlso，all kinds of medicines are sold here and are cheaper for students than other drugstores可知ABD三项都是所提供的内容，只有C项文章没有提及,故选C。B.People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking. They try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages in analyzing a problem.First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sams bicycle is broken, and he cannot read it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific.Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully.After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea es very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem : he must clean the gear wheels.Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly. In short, he has solved the problem.6. What is the best title for this passage?A. Six Stages for Repairing Sams Bicycle. B. Possible Ways to Problem-solving.C. Necessities of Problem Analysis. D. Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem.7. In analyzing a problem we should do all the following except .A. recognize and define the problem B. look for information to make the problem clearerC. have suggestions for a possible solution D. find a solution by trial or mistake8. By referring to Sams broken bicycle, the author intends to .A. illustrate the ways to repair his bicycle B. discuss the problems of his bicycleC. tell us how to solve a problem D. show us how to analyse a problem9. Which of the following is NOT true?A. People do not analyze the problem they meet.B. People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.C. People may learn from their past experience.D. People can not solve some problems they meet.10. As used in the last sentence, the phrase “in short” means .A. in the long run B. in detailC. in a word D. in the end【答案】6. B 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C【解析】试题分析：本文主要阐述了当我们遇见问题的时候，应该采取的详细的分析和解决问题的方法。【6题详解】B 主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段最后一句There are six stages in analyzing a problem.可知本文讲述的是分析问题解决问题的6个阶段和不同的方法。故B正确。【7题详解】D 细节题。根据2,3,4,5段第一句First the person must recognize that there is a problem和Next the thinker must define the problem和Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions.和After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution.可知ABC三项都是我们在分析问题时所做的，只有D项不我们不应该持有的态度。故D正确。【8题详解】C 推理题。根据文章第二段For example, Sams bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does.作者是以Sam的自行车坏了为例，说明我们应该采取什么样的步骤来解决问题。故C正确。【9题详解】A 细节题。根据文章第一句People do not analyze every problem they meet.这是一个部分否定句，人们并不分析他们遇见的每一个问题。也就是说有些问题他们进行分析，有些问题他们不分析。而A项是全部否定，表示他们不分析问题。故A项说法是错误的。【10题详解】C 猜测词义题。根据文章最后一段In short , he has solved the problem.“总之，他已经解决了这个问题”可知这是归纳总结的一段。本题容易错选D项，我们强调的不是时间的顺序。故C正确。考点：考查教育类阅读理解C.Years ago, when I started looking for my first job, wise advisers urged, Barbara, be enthusiastic! Enthusiasm will take you further than any amount of experience.How right they were. Enthusiastic people can turn a boring drive into an adventure, extra work into opportunity and strangers into friends.Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm, wrote Ralph Waldo Emerson. It is the paste that helps you hang in there when the going gets tough. It is the inner voice that whispers, I can do it! when others shout, No, you cant.It took years and years for the early work of Barbara McClintock, a geneticist（遗传学家） who won the 1983 Nobel Prize in medicine, to be generally acceptedYet she didnt let up on her experiments. Work was such a deep pleasure for her that she never thought of stopping.Author and poet Samuel Ullman once wrote, Years wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.Enthusiastic people also love what they do, regardless of money or title or power. If we cannot do what we love as a full-time career, we can treat it as a part-time interest, like the head of state who paints, the nun(修女) who runs marathons, the official who handcrafts（手工制做） furniture.We cant afford to waste tears on might- have-beens. We need to turn the tears into sweat as we go after what-can-be.We need to live each moment wholeheartedly, with all our senses finding pleasure in the fragrance of a back-yard garden, the crayoned （蜡笔的）picture of a six-year-old, the enchanting beauty of a rainbow. It is such enthusiastic love of life that puts a sparkle in our eyes, a lilt in our steps and smooths the wrinkles from our souls.11. What can be the best title of this passage?A. Find pleasure in what you are doingB. Wake up your lifeC. To give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soulD. No pains, no gains12. What conclusion does the writer draw through the experience of finding a job?A. Enthusiasm will take you further than any amount of experience.B. Years wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.C. We cant afford to waste tears on might- have-beens.D. Enthusiastic people can turn a boring drive into an adventure, extra work into opportunity and strangers into friends.13. Which of the following statements is WRONG according to the passage?A. No one can achieve great success without enthusiasm.B. Enthusiasm will take a person further than any amount of his experience.C. We should make great effort to do the thing that can be done instead of regretting for the past.D. Barbara McClintock was generally accepted many years before she won the Nobel Prize14. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase let up ?A. continue B. make less effortC. make great effort D. stop15. We can learn from the last paragraph that it is that makes our life meaningful.A. love of gardening B. love of drawing pictures with the crayon of a six-year-old childC. love of life D. love of beautiful rainbow【答案】11. B 12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C【解析】本文属于议论文，通过不同的名人例子来阐述拥有激情是有多么的重要。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章可知，本文主要阐述拥有激情对于人们的成功是很重要的，建议人们要有激情，故选B。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段How right they were. Enthusiastic people can turn a boring drive into an adventure, extra work into opportunity and strangers into friends.可知，通过作者的经历，作者得出了激情可以无聊的旅程变成冒险，把额外的负担变成机会，让陌生人变成朋友，故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段It took years and years for the early work of Barbara McClintock, a geneticist（遗传学家） who won the 1983 Nobel Prize in medicine, to be generally accepted可知，Barbara McClintock早期的研究多年后才被人们普遍接受，故选D。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段Yet she didnt let up on her experiments.中yet以及前一句It took years and years for the early work of Barbara McClintock, a geneticist（遗传学家） who won the 1983 Nobel Prize in medicine, to be generally accepted可知，尽管多年之后，她的研究才被人们接受，但是依然没有懈怠，故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段It is such enthusiastic love of life that puts a sparkle in our eyes, a lilt in our steps and smooths the wrinkles from our souls.可知，对生活的热爱，让我们生活充满意义，故选C。D.In every British town, large and small, you will find shops that sell second-hand goods. Sometimes such shops deal mostly in furniture, sometimes in books, sometimes in ornaments（装饰） and household goods, sometimes even in clothes.The furniture may often be “antique”, and it may well have changed hands many times. It may also be very valuable, although the most valuable piece will usually go to the London salerooms, where one piece might well be sold for hundreds of thousands of pounds. As you look around these shops and see the polished wood of chests and tables, you cannot help thinking of those long-dead hands which polished that wood, of those now-closed eyes which once looked at these pieces with love.The books, too, may be antique and very precious; some may be rare first printings. Often when someone dies or has to move house, his books may all be sold, so that sometimes you may find whole libraries in one shop. One the border between England and Wales, there is a town which has bee a huge bookshop as well. Even the cinema and castle have been taken over, and now books have replaced sheep as the towns main trade.There are also much more humble shops, sometimes simply called “junk shops”, where you can buy small household pieces very cheaply. Sometimes the profits（利润）from these shops go to charity（慈善事业）. Even these pieces, though, can make you feel sad; you think of those people who once treasured them, but who have moved on to another country or to death.Although the British do not worship（崇拜）their ancestors, they do treasure the past and the things of the past. This is true of houses as well. These days no one knocks them down; they are rebuilt until they are often better than new. In Britain, people do not buy something just because it is new. Old things are treasured for their proven worth; new things have to prove themselves before they are accepted.16. Books found in second-hand book shops may .A. be copies of the earliest printings B. be on sale for the first timeC. never be worth very much D. never be rare17. What is the small town on the border between England and Wales famous for?A. Its sheep. B. Its bookshops.C. Its cinema. D. Its castle.18. Second-hand goods sometimes fill you with sadness because .A. they are too expensive for average buyers B. they remind you of the original ownersC. they are now forgotten D. they are sold for charity19. The average British person .A. does not respect old things because they are not fashionableB. likes to build new houses simply because it is fashionable to do soC. likes to buy new things because they are fashionable.D. does not like to buy things simply because they are fashionable20. What does the underlined word “them” (Paragraph 4) refer to?A. junk shops B. profits from shopsC. old things D. old houses【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. D 20. C【解析】文章介绍英国有很多的二手商店，里面很多东西是很有价值的，人们也喜欢在这里淘些便宜的珍贵的东西，因为它们的历史厚重感和沧桑使它们更宝贵。【16题详解】细节理解题。从第三段的第一句话The books, too, may be antique and very precious; some may be rare first printings.可知，这些二手的书可能是第一次印刷的版本，选A。【17题详解】细节理解题。从第三段On the border between England and Wales, there is a town which has bee a huge bookshop as well.可知，英格兰和威尔士边境的小镇是以书著名，选B。【18题详解】推理判断题。从倒数第二段Even these pieces, though, can make you feel sad; you think of those people who once treasured them, but who have moved on, to another country or to death.可知这些二手的商品会让你想到它以前的主人，所以伤感，选B。【19题详解】细节理解题。从最后一段In Britain, people do not buy something just because it is new. Old things are treasured for their proven worth; new things have to prove themselves before they are accepted.可知，英国人不会因为这个东西是流行的而且买，选D。【20题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段Even these pieces, though, can make you feel sad;可知这些东西会让你难过，使你想起曾经拥有过它们的人，所以them指的是这些二手商店卖的旧东西，选C。E.Shyness May Be Partly Inherited(遗传)About 92 million Americans are shy, and according to recent research about half of them inherited the trait.The studies were discussed at the American Psychological Convention.One study, by Harvard University, was of babies 21- 48 months old. It concluded that these babies had a high heart rate when shown unfamiliar people or different toys.Although shyness is not new, it has only recently bee of interest to researchers. The first study on the genetic connection was in 1979.According to Warren Jones of the University of Tulsa, social relations these days are more plex. With less ritual(仪式) and more plex situations, he said, shyness is a national concern.Not all shy people are anxious and fearful, according to another study. Evidence shows that only half of shy people are tense, worried, and fearful in social situations.Many men use shyness as an excuse for failing in social situations, according to C.R. Snyder of the University of Kansas. This is not true of females. Perhaps,American men are pressured to be assertive(自信的) and successful. So they would rather say theyre shy than admit theyre inpetent.Shy people may do very we