东北大学-操作系统实验二报告.doc

操作系统实验报告 班 级物联网1302班学 号姓 名 实验2 进程状态转换及其PCB的变化1目的：自行编制模拟程序，通过形象化的状态显示，深入理解进程的概念、进程之间的状态转换及其所带来的PCB内容 、组织的变化，理解进程与其PCB间的一一对应关系。2. 内容及要求：1) 设计并实现一个模拟进程状态转换及其相应PCB内容、组织结构变化的程序。2) 独立编写、调试程序。进程的数目、进程的状态模型（三状态、五状态、七状态或其它）以及PCB的组织形式可自行选择。3) 合理设计与进程PCB相对应的数据结构。PCB的内容要涵盖进程的基本信息、控制信息、资源需求及现场信息。4) 设计出可视性较好的界面，应能反映出进程状态的变化引起的对应PCB内容、组织结构的变化。5) 代码书写要规范，要适当地加入注释。6） 认真进行预习，完成预习报告。7） 实验完成后，要认真总结，完成实验报告。3使用的数据结构及说明：在本实验中，主要用到的数据结构是PCB的结构，其中PCB的数据结构如下：enum StatusRunning,Ready,Blocked,Exit;struct PCBint id; /进程号int priority;/优先级enum Status status;/进程状态char name;/进程名称;struct Runningstruct PCB pcb;struct Running *pcbnext;struct Running *header_running;struct Readystruct PCB pcb;struct Ready *pcbnext;struct Ready *header_ready, *tail_ready;struct Blockedstruct PCB pcb;struct Blocked *pcbnext;struct Blocked *header_blocked, *tail_blocked;struct Exitint id;char name;struct Exit *pcbnext;struct Exit *header_exit,*tail_exit;4. 流程图5 程序源代码，注释及说明文字：Main.c#include#include#includeprocess.h#includeint main()int i = 1;int choice = -1;header_running = (struct Running *) malloc(sizeof(struct Running); /创建运行状态队列头if (NULL = header_running)perror(error);exit(1);header_running-pcbnext = NULL;header_ready = (struct Ready *) malloc(sizeof(struct Ready);/创建就绪队状态列头if (NULL = header_ready)perror(error);exit(1);header_ready-pcbnext = NULL;header_blocked = (struct Blocked *) malloc(sizeof(struct Blocked);/创建阻塞队状态列头if (NULL = header_blocked)perror(error);exit(1);header_blocked-pcbnext = NULL;header_exit = (struct Exit *) malloc(sizeof(struct Exit);/创建僵死状态队列头if (NULL = header_exit)perror(error);exit(1);header_exit-pcbnext = NULL;tail_ready = header_ready;tail_blocked = header_blocked;tail_exit = header_exit;printf(请输入要创建的进程个数n);scanf(%d, &num);while (num = 0)printf(进程个数应大于0，请重新输入n);scanf(n%d, &num);for (i;i );ready-pcb.id = i;ready-pcb.priority = i;ready-pcb.status = Ready;ready-pcbnext = NULL;tail_ready-pcbnext = ready;tail_ready = ready;printf(*n);printf(* 0-创建进程 1-就绪-运行 *n);printf(* 2-运行-就绪 3-运行到阻塞 *n);printf(* 4-阻塞-就绪 5-运行-终止 *n);printf(*n);while (1)printf(n请输入你要进行的转换:t);scanf(%d, &choice);switch (choice)case 0:status0();print();break;case 1:status1();print();break;case 2:status2();print();break;case 3:status3();print();break;case 4:status4();print();break;case 5:status5();print();break;default:printf(没有这个选项，请重新输入！n);break;printf(n);return 0;/Process.c#include#include#includeprocess.h/*创建进程*/void status0(void)struct Ready *ready = (struct Ready *) malloc(sizeof(struct Ready);if (NULL = ready)perror(error);exit(1);printf(请输入要创建的进程的名称:t, &);scanf(n%c, &);ready-pcb.id = num+1;ready-pcb.priority = +num;ready-pcb.status = Ready;ready-pcbnext = NULL;tail_ready-pcbnext = ready;tail_ready = ready;/*就绪-运行*/void status1(void)if (NULL = header_running-pcbnext) /没有程序正在运行if (NULL != header_ready-pcbnext) /就绪组中有就绪的进程header_running-pcbnext = header_ready-pcbnext;header_ready-pcbnext = header_ready-pcbnext-pcbnext;header_running-pcbnext-pcb.status = Running; /进程状态变为运行状态else printf(暂时没有就绪程序，请稍等！n);else /有正在运行的程序if (header_running-pcb.priority pcb.priority) /正在运行的程序的优先级小于要调度的进程的优先级，进行调度tail_ready-pcbnext = header_running-pcbnext;header_running-pcbnext = header_ready-pcbnext;header_ready-pcbnext = header_ready-pcbnext-pcbnext;header_running-pcbnext-pcb.status = Running;else printf(正在运行的进程的优先级大于被调度的进程的优先级，调度失败n);/*运行-就绪*/void status2(void)if (NULL != header_ready-pcbnext) /就绪队列不为空tail_ready-pcbnext = header_running-pcbnext; /运行的程序放在就绪队列尾部tail_ready = tail_ready-pcbnext;tail_ready-pcb.status = Ready; /状态变为就绪tail_ready-pcbnext = NULL;header_running-pcbnext = header_ready-pcbnext; /就绪队列的第一个进程放到运行队列header_running-pcbnext-pcb.status = Running;header_ready-pcbnext = header_ready-pcbnext-pcbnext;/*运行-阻塞*/void status3(void)tail_blocked-pcbnext = header_running-pcbnext; /将运行的进程放到阻塞状态的队列尾部tail_blocked = tail_blocked-pcbnext;tail_blocked-pcb.status = Blocked;tail_blocked-pcbnext = NULL;header_running-pcbnext = NULL;if (NULL != header_ready-pcbnext) /就绪组中有就绪的进程header_running-pcbnext = header_ready-pcbnext; /就绪队列的第一个进程放到运行队列header_ready-pcbnext = header_ready-pcbnext-pcbnext;header_running-pcbnext-pcb.status = Running; /进程状态变为运行状态/*阻塞-就绪*/void status4(void)char name;struct Blocked *blocked = header_blocked;printf(请输入要解除阻塞状态的进程的名称t);scanf(n%c, &name);while (NULL !=blocked-pcbnext)if ( = name) /阻塞队列中有要解除阻塞状态的进程,将进程放入就绪队列if (NULL = header_running-pcbnext) /运行队列为空if (NULL = header_ready-pcbnext) /就绪队列为空header_running-pcbnext = blocked-pcbnext;header_running-pcbnext-pcb.status = Running;blocked-pcbnext = blocked-pcbnext-pcbnext;break;else tail_ready-pcbnext = blocked-pcbnext; /放到就绪队列尾部tail_ready = tail_ready-pcbnext;tail_ready-pcb.status = Ready;tail_ready-pcbnext = NULL;blocked-pcbnext = blocked-pcbnext-pcbnext;break;if (NULL != blocked-pcbnext)printf(没有该进程！n);/*运行-终止*/void status5(void)struct Exit *EXit = (struct Exit *)malloc(sizeof(struct Exit);if (NULL = exit)perror(error);exit(1);/*将终止的进程放入终止状态*/EXit-id = header_running-pcbnext-pcb.id;EXit-name = header_;EXit-pcbnext = NULL;tail_exit-pcbnext = EXit;tail_exit = tail_exit-pcbnext;/*回收终止了的进程的内存空间*/struct Running *running = header_running-pcbnext;header_running-pcbnext = NULL;free(running);void print(void)struct Ready *ready = header_ready-pcbnext;struct Blocked *blocked = header_blocked-pcbnext;struct Exit *exit = header_exit-pcbnext;printf(正在运行的进程是:t);if(NULL != header_running-pcbnext)printf(%c, header_);printf(n);printf(处于就绪状态的进程的有:t);while (NULL != ready)printf(%c, , ready-pcb.na