重大版必修3unit4单词词组句型复习.ppt

理论的理论物理学家物理学典礼医学，医术颁发，授予博士学位天文学天文学者，应用的，实用的应用职位,统治，控制宇宙感染上，传染上治愈，治好开始（机器）操纵，起作用操作者，经营者，电话接线员手术，操作完全地按，摁，报道，出版社开关科学的,TheoreticalTheoryPhysicistPhysicsCeremonyMedicineAwardPhDDoctorofPhilosophyAstronomyAstronomerAppliedApplypost,governuniversecatchcureoperateoperatorOperationaltogetherpressswitchscientific,SciencePaperWheelChairUnifyCommunityEyebrowtheOlympicsReporterSwimmerCupCarrotSolveRich,科学论文轮椅使成为一体，使一致，统社区，社会，团体，集体眉毛奥运会记者游泳运动员奖杯胡萝卜解决味道很浓的,道理，观点面对反应不同地不同的变软，软化柔软的，软的脆弱的，易碎的液体的，液态的，流质的变硬，硬化硬的（用勺）舀或盛壳煮老的，煮熟的开水沸水,pointfacereactdifferentlydifferentsoftensoftFragileliquidHardenhardladleshellhard-boiledboilingwaterboiledwater,SecretaryTypistTranslatorNeedleTinygrandchild,秘书打字员翻译员针细小的，细微的孙子,betododoresearchlateronholdthepostofworkonsufferfrompointtohearofdozensofbewellreceivedspelloutcatchadisease,1)注定要2)做研究3)后来4)担任5)致力于6)遭受7)指向8)听说9)成打的10)反响很好11）拼出12)生病,更喜欢更喜欢(某人)做与比更喜欢；宁愿，不愿,prefersth.prefer(sb.)todosth.prefersth./doing.tosth./doing.,供某人使用，得到买到某人有空做某事,sth.Beavailabletosb.Sb.Beavailableforsth.,因而受奖判给某人某物,beawardedfor.awardsth.tosb.,(2)vt.遭受，蒙受(后常跟pain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/punishment/hardship以及表示疾病的词),(3)applyoneselfto(doing)sth.专注于；专心做某事Holdout维持，忍耐，伸出Holdup举起，撑起，阻挡Holdback阻止，隐瞒,makeitgiveupbetiredoffill.withturnofffishoutpourintoturntocomecloserknockonthedoor,1.成功2.放弃3.厌烦4.充满5.关闭6.捞出7.倒进8.转向9.走近点10.敲门,makeit应付，成功,赶上,(1)giveaway赠送；泄露；出卖(2)giveback归还(3)giveoff放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音)(4)giveout分发；用完，消耗尽，筋疲力尽(5)givein投降；屈服；让步;提出，提交,辨析：arise；arouse；rise与raise,同位语的使用，Wenoneofuswanttogothere.MyoldfriendJohncamethismorning.Youmayleaveittothemthree.Sheisagoodteacher,afriendofyours.Heenjoystheexercise,swimminginwinter.Thatsmypleasure,doingyouafavor.Allthecountries,bigorsmallareequal.Allthepeople,Chineseorforeign.Mustobeythenewlaw.,1.StephenHawking,themostfamoustheoreticalphysicistafterAlbertEinstein,authorofABriefHistoryofTime,theopeningceremonyofamathematicsinstituteatZhejiangUniversity.,wastoattend,wastoattend,他们的女儿很快就要出嫁了。Theirdaughteristogetmarriedsoon.谁要向他提问？Whoistoquestionhim？,betodo表示计划、安排、义务、应该、可能、命运等。(haveto,oughtto)。,3）表示注定或不可避免要发生。Histheorywastochangetheviewontheuniverse.)4.IfIweretotellyouthat,wouldyoubelieveme?,betodo(1)表示事先商定、安排或准备要做的事情Thestudents_attheschoolgatetomorrow.明天学生们将在学校大门口集会。(2)表示可能性、必要、责任、义务、禁止等You_by10oclock.你必须十点以前回来。ThetwinesaretobeknownfromeachotherBytheirvoice.(可能性）。,aretomeet,aretobeback,辨析betodo,begoingtodo,beabouttodo,begoingtodo(1)表示将要发生的事情或打算最近要进行的动作。快要下雨了。Itisgoingtorainsoon.(2)在含有条件状语从句的主从复合句中，主句一般不用begoingto，而常用will（第一人称用shall）。如果明天下雨，足球赛将被推迟举行。Thefootballmatchwillbeputoffifitrainstomorrow.,beabouttodo(1)表示即将发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。Weareabouttostart.我们就要出发了。(2)在含有beabouttodo的句子中，不能再加时间状语。医疗队就要出发了。_Themedicalteamisabouttostartimmediately._Themedicalteamisabouttostart.,1.Thisfilm_thisSunday.A.isgoingtoshowB.isshowingC.istobeshownD.willhavebeenshown2.Thestudentsweretoldthatthey_attheschoolgateat2:00thefollowingafternoon.A.metB.willmeetC.weretomeetD.weremet,Exercise,A,C,3.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey_.A.havesurvivedB.aretosurviveC.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive4.How_I_whathasbecomeofhim?A.am;toknowB.am;knowingC.was;toknowD.will;know,B,A,preferred,prefersth.更喜欢(1)prefer(sb.)todosth.更喜欢(某人)做prefersth./doing.tosth./doing.与比更喜欢；宁愿，不愿你比较喜欢哪一样，米饭还是面包？Whichdoyouprefer,riceorbread?,prefervt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物),They_.他们宁可让儿子上大学。Iwould_today.我今天宁愿不出去。Iwouldprefer_to_.我宁愿在外面玩也不愿看电视。,preferredtheirsontogotocollege,prefernottogoout,playingoutdoors,watchingTV,Hewouldrather_than_shopping.Heprefers_ratherthan_shopping.他宁可呆在家里也不愿意去逛商店。(3)preferthat.(should)do.Iwouldpreferthat_myname.我希望你不要说出我的名字。,stayathome,go,tostayathome,go,you(should)notmention,Evenonacoldday,heprefers_outtoplayfootball_athome.A.going；ratherstayB.going；tostayingC.togo；ratherthanstayingD.todo；ratherthantostay,B,2.MathematicswasnotavailableatUniversityCollege,sohedidphysicsinstead.availableadj.能得到的，有用的,可利用的，有效的，有空的sth.Beavailabletosb.供某人使用，得到买到Sb.Beavailableforsth.某人有空做某事,Isthislibraryavailableduringthissummervacation?图书馆在暑假期间开放吗？Thesefacilitiesareavailabletomembersonly.这些设施仅供会员使用。Shewasnotavailablefortheinterview.她没空接受采访。Onlyalittlemoneyisavailableforthetrip.这趟旅游只有少量钱可供花。WeregrettotellyouthattherearenoticketsavailableforFridaysperformance.我们很遗憾的告诉你，周五演出的票没有了/。,3.AfterthreeyearsandnotverymuchworkheafirstclasshonorsdegreeinNaturalScience.,wasawarded,(1)n.C奖励，奖赏，奖品TheOlympicwinnerreceivedagoldmedal_.奥林匹克获胜者获得了一枚金牌作为奖励。,asanaward,award,2)vt.授予，奖予，给予beawardedfor.因而受奖awardsth.tosb.判给某人某物她表现勇敢，他们授予她奖章。_.获胜者得到了一枚金牌。_.=_.,Theyawardedheramedalforbravery,Agoldmedalwasawardedtothewinner,Thewinnerwasawardedagoldmedal,辨析：award与reward,1).MartinLutherKingJrwas_theNobelPeacePrizeof1964foradvocatingnonviolencepolicyinthemovementforcivilrights.A.awardedB.offeredC.rewardedD.received【解析】句意为：马丁路德金因为在民权运动中主张采取非暴力政策而被授予1964年诺贝尔和平奖。reward指“给予报酬”或“奖赏”，award指“因成绩或贡献由政府或社团给予奖励”。,A,2).Suchnobledeedsofthedoctorsandnursescantbeonly_withmoney.A.rewardedB.awardedC.praisedD.valued【解析】A项“回报”，常用于rewardsb.withsth.结构。B项“授予(奖品等)”，常用于awardsb.sth.；C项“表扬”；D项“评价，重视”。,A,4.AfterleavingtheInstituteofAstronomyin1973,StephencametotheDepartmentofMathematicsandTheoreticalPhysicsand,Applied,你所说的并不适合我。Whatyousaiddoesnt_.这个规则并不能适用于所有的状况。Youcant_.,applytome,applythisruletoeverycase,applyv应用；运用；申请；请求,她应聘英语教师的工作。She_asanEnglishteacher.我们只好向政府申请财务援助。Wehadto_thegovernment_financialhelp.,appliedforajob,applyto,for,Hewoulddoverywellifonlyheappliedhimself._,只要专心致志，他会做得很好的。,(3)applyoneselfto(doing)sth.专注于；专心做某事,2).Nowalotofnewtechnologiescan_problemsinindustry.A.beappliedtosolveB.beappliedtosolvingC.applytosolveD.applytosolving【解析】考查动词搭配。apply.to.表示“把应用到上”，其中to为介词。,B,holdthepostof担任（某职位）Heusedtothepostofheadmasteroftheschool.WhowillholdthepostofdirectorofthenextSpringFestivalGala?谁将担任下一届春晚导演。Holdout维持，忍耐，伸出Holdup举起，撑起，阻挡Holdback阻止，隐瞒,4.StephenHawkinghasworkedonthebasiclawsthatgoverntheuniverse.句子成分分析：此句是一个复合句，定语从句thatgoverntheuniverse修饰先行词thebasiclaws，先行词在定语从句中做主语，故关系代词that不可省略。,5.StephenHernvt.统治;管理Whoreallygovernsthiscountry?谁真正统治着这个国家?Theydemandtherighttogovernthemselves.他们要求自治权。,5.HeisinterestedinunifyingtheGeneralRelativityTheoryandQuantumTheorytostudyblackholes.,particularly,Thegirl_herfood.这小女孩吃东西十分挑剔。Ihavenothing_today.今天我没有特别的事情要做。,isveryparticularabout,particulartodo,particularlyadv.特殊地，特别地particular为形容词，是一个考试高频词，常常用于以下结构：,1).-Whydidshespendsomuchtimesearchingshopaftershopforablouse?-Oh,shewasvery_aboutherclothes.A.specialB.particularC.especialD.unusual【解析】下句意为“她对衣服非常讲究”，beparticularabout是一习语。,B,2).OnTeachersDay,weallwenttoschool_toseeourteachers.A.especiallyB.speciallyC.particularlyD.attentively【解析】考查副词辨析。specially表示“专门地”。句意为“在教师节那天，我们都专门到学校去看望老师”。,B,6.Agreatmanofsciencesittinginawheelchair,StephenHawkinghasaseriousdiseasefornearlyfortyyears.,sufferedfrom,Sheoften_headaches.她经常头痛。Manycompaniesare_shortageofskilledworkers.许多公司苦于缺乏熟练工人。Thepeopleinthefloodedarea_(from)coldandhunger.(忍饥挨冻),suffersfrom,sufferingfrom,aresuffering,(1)vi.患病；受痛苦；受损失(常与from连用),金女士的双腿受了重伤，非常疼痛。MsKingslegswerebadlyhurtandshe_.这家工厂在大火中遭受重大损失。Thefactory_inthefire.,sufferedgreatpain,sufferedagreatloss,(2)vt.遭受，蒙受(后常跟pain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/punishment/hardship以及表示疾病的词),1).Iraqhas_toomanywars，makingpeople_alot.A.gotthrough；payB.lookedthrough；faceC.gonethrough；sufferD.passedthrough；destroy,【解析】句意为：伊拉克经历了那么多的战争，使得人们遭受了很多痛苦。gothrough经历，经受；suffer受痛苦，受损害；getthrough干完(工作等)；接通(电话等)；lookthrough审核，浏览；passthrough经过，通过。,C,2)._suchaheavyloss，thebusinessmandidnthavethecouragetogoon.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered【解析】句意为：遭受了严重损失之后，那位商人没有勇气继续做生意了。因为“遭受重创”先发生，故用现在分词的完成式。,A,7.thatcouldntbecuredthen.,WhenIleftthehospitalIwascompletelycured.出院时，我已经完全痊愈了。Theonlywaytocurebackacheistorest.治疗背痛的唯一办法是休息。Hetriedtocurehischildofthehabit.他试着去矫正他孩子的那种习惯。,curev.治愈；治疗；纠正,curebadhabits改正坏习惯,【词义辨析】cure,treat,heal这些动词都有“治疗、医治”之意。cure:主要指治愈疾病。treat:普通用词，指接受并诊治病人。强调治疗过程，不强调结果。heal:侧重指治愈伤口、伤痛如灼伤等，也可用于比喻语言。,curen.治疗,治愈,疗法,Thereisstillnocureforthecommoncold.目前仍没有治愈感冒的良药。常用短语：findacure找到治疗方法seekacure寻求治疗takeacure接受治疗tryacure试用某种疗法,知识链接,1).Whichdoctorisgoingto_himforhisillness?2).Thisnewmedicinesoon_mycold3).Hiswoundsare_over4).Shewontbesadtoolong；timewill_mosttrouble,treat,cured,healing,heal,Completethesentenceswithcure,treatorheal.,8.Upto1974,hewasabletofeedhimself,andgetinandoutofbed.upto直到feedv.喂养，饲养Thepatientcantfeedhimselfyet.病人已经不能自己吃饭了。feedon/upon以为食物Sheepfeedongrass.羊吃草。,9.In1980,heandwifechangedtoasystemofcommunitychangeto改成了change的其他短语：changeinto变成changefor换；更换,Languagepointsinthepassage:1.Shedidnotknowhowshewasgoingtomakeitandwantedtogiveup.她不知道该如何应付，打算放弃。（1）makeit应付，成功,赶上Youcantmakeittotheothershoreinthisweather.这样的天气你是无法成功到达那边的海岸的。,（2）makeit规定时间,-Shallwemeetnextweek?-Yes.Letsmakeitnextweek,-我们下周见吧？-好的，让我们约定下周见。,1.Shedidnotknowhowshewasgoingtomakeitandwantedto,giveup.,1).让出He_anoldman.他让座给一位老人。2).放弃Thegirl_halfway.这女孩中途放弃。3).戒绝IwishIcould_.我真希望自己能戒酒。,giveup,gaveuphisseatto,gaveup,giveupdrinking,Shewouldratherdiethan_.Hehasgivenintomyviews.Please_yourwork_beforeMonday.He_mostofhismoneytocharity.Afteramonththeirfoodsupplies_.,givein,give,in,gaveaway,gaveout,(1)giveaway赠送；泄露；出卖(2)giveback归还(3)giveoff放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音)(4)giveout分发；用完，消耗尽，筋疲力尽(5)givein投降；屈服；让步;提出，提交,1)._heisdeterminedtodosomething，nooneisabletopersuadehimto_.A.Assoonas；giveawayB.Although；giveinC.Aslongas；giveoutD.Once；giveup【解析】once一旦；giveup放弃。句意为：一旦他决定要做什么事，没有人能劝说他放弃。,D,2).Heaskedusnottomentionanythingaboutthefamousactressinthereportbecauseitmay_theexcitingnews.A.giveoffB.giveawayC.giveupD.giveout【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。giveaway在此的意思为“泄漏”。,B,3).Hewontgivein_theenemyevenifheiskilled.A.forB.withC.toD.on【解析】givein作“投降；屈服”时，是不及物动词。若表示“向投降(屈服)”，用giveinto.。,C,2.Shewastiredoffightingand.,struggling,struggle(1)vt.&vi.斗争；拼搏，努力，挣扎,Hehasbeenstruggling_succeedinhisbusiness.Hehasbeenstruggling_successinhisbusiness.为使事业成功，他一直努力奋斗着。,to,for,Wehavetostruggle_allkindsofdifficulties.我们得和各种各样的困难作斗争。She_.她努力忍住泪水。Thelionmadeasuddenangrynoiseand_.狮子突然发出一阵怒吼，挣扎着站了起来。,with/against,struggledtoitsfeet,struggledtokeepbackthetears,(2)n.搏斗，战斗；斗争After_，shegainedcontrolofthebusiness.经过长期的努力，她在生意上已能应付自如。,alongstruggle,3.Itseemedassoonasoneproblemwassolvedanewone.,arose,Accidentsarisefromcarelessness.事故由粗心大意引起。Newdifficultieswillarisefromsuchsituation.那种状况将会产生新的难题。Agreatideaaroseinhermind.一个好主意浮现在她的脑海中。,arise(arose，arisen)vi.出现；发生,辨析：arise；arouse；rise与raise,Thesun_intheeastandsetsinthewest.太阳从东方升起西方落下。Thepriceofwheathas_/hasbeen_sincethelastsummer.自从去年夏天以来，麦子的价格已经涨了/被涨上来了。,rises,risen,raised,Weshouldalwayskeepinmindthataccidents_fromcarelessnesswhiledriving.A.ariseB.arouseC.beginD.cause【解析】句意为：我们应永记心中，开车时事故是由粗心引起的。arise意指“发生”；arouse是及物动词，意为“激起，引起”。,A,4.Shefishedthecarrotsoutandplacedtheminabelow.她把胡萝卜捞出来，放到了碗里面。(1)fish(v.)out/from：捞出；掏出Shefishedoutacoinfromherpocket.她从口袋掏出一枚硬币。(2)fishup捞出Aboywasfishedupfromtheriver.这个男孩从河里被捞了出来。,5.Turningtoherdaughter,sheasked,”Tellme,whatdoyousee?”她转向她的女儿问“告诉我，你看到了什么？”turningtoherdaughter在此处的做的是状语。现在分词短语作状语，其和后面的句子在逻辑上是主谓关系。,Havingwateredtheflowers,hebegantocutthegrass.他把花浇好后，开始割草。Havingeatenhisdinner,theboyrushedout.那男孩吃完了饭就跑出去了。,4.Sheaskedhertocomeandaskedhertofeelthecarrots.,Gofurtheraway！_.再离远一点，你太靠近我了。_再靠近我一点吧。_.不要站得离我太近。,closer,closeadv.“接近”，指距离上的“近”,Youaretooclosetome,Comecloser(tome),Dontstandclosetome,closeadj.近的,亲近的,严密的,closelyadv.接近地，密切地，多指抽象的“近”Thetwoeventsarecloselyconnected.这两件事有密切的联系。严密地，仔细地Pleaselistencloselytothefollowinginstructions.请仔细听以下说