unit1leisureactivity英语单词.ppt

NewWords,aha:h:int.usedtoexpresssurpriseortriumph啊哈（表惊奇或得意）Aha,youcantslipawaythistime.哈哈，这回你溜不掉了。Aha!Sothisistheboyyouvebeentellingmeabout.好呀!原来你跟我讲了半天的就是这个孩子。,anatomyntmn.1Uscientificstudyofthestructureofanimalbodies解剖学Wehavetodoanatomynextterm.我们下学期得学解剖学了。2Cthestructureofanorganization,process,etc.orthewayitworks构造Westudiedtheanatomyofthesnake.我们研究了蛇的解剖结构。,next,词汇扩充：1anatomicalntmkladj.解剖的；解剖学的；结构上的2anatomically/-kl/adv.3anatomist/ntmst/n.解剖学者,bureaucratbjurukrtn.anofficialwhoworksbyfixedroutinewithoutexercisingintelligentjudgment官僚主义者Isupposemyapplicationhavebeenlostbysomeincompetentbureaucrat.我估计我的申请书不知道让哪个无能的官僚给弄丢了。imperialism,feudalismandbureaucrat-capitalism帝国主义、封建主义、官僚资本主义bureaucraticbjurukrtkadj.官僚制度的;官僚的;官僚般的:bureaucraticgovernment官僚政府Thereportrevealedamajorbureaucraticmuddle.这个报告揭示了官僚作风引起的严重混乱.bureaucratically-kl;-kladv.官僚地，官僚制度地,cartoonktunn.1amusingdrawinginanewspaperormagazine,esp.onethatcommentssatiricallyoncurrentevents（报刊上的）漫画;（尤指）时事讽刺画.Anewspapercartoonisanamusingdrawing,usuallyaboutsomeeventinthenews.报纸上的漫画是一种风趣的图画，通常是针对某一件时事的。2afilmmadebyphotographingaseriesofgraduallychangingdrawings,givinganillusionofmovement动画片;卡通片aWaltDisneycartoon迪斯尼动画片.cartoonistk:tu:nistn.personwhodrawscartoons漫画家.,clarificationklrfkenn.addedinformationtomakesomethingeasiertounderstand澄清AfterIreadtheclause,Ifeelitneedssomeclarification.读过这一条款之后，我觉得这条需要说明一下。Thewholeissueneedsclarification.整个问题都需要澄清。,next,clarifyklrfav.1(causesthto)becomeclearoreasiertounderstand（使某事物）清楚易懂;澄清clarifyaremark,statement澄清一项意见声明IhopethatwhatIsaywillclarifythesituation.我希望我说的话能澄清这一情况。2removeimpuritiesfrom(fats),egbyheating除去（油脂）中的杂质（如用加热法）clarifiedbutter已除去杂质的黄油.,clownklann.aperformerinacircuswhowearsfunnyclothesandbrightmake-up,anddoessillythingsinordertomakepeoplelaugh小丑,丑角Theclownsperformancemadepeoplelaugh.小丑的表演把人们逗笑了。v.actinafoolishorcomicalway,likeaclown扮小丑Stopclowningaround!不要再像小丑那样胡闹了!,comediankmi:dinn.someonewhosejobistotelljokesandmakepeoplelaugh喜剧演员Theaudiencelaughedatthecomedianswit.喜剧演员的风趣使观众发笑。comedykmidin.喜剧；喜剧性(事件),cross-talkn.witty,rapiddialogue,eg.betweentwocomedians相声Whydoyouenjoycrosstalksomuch?你为什么这么喜欢看相声?,doubleentendredublntndrn.（法）awordorphrasethatcanbeunderstoodintwodifferentways双关语,entertainingenttenadj.amusingandenjoyable,有趣的，令人愉快的anentertainingstory/filmFilmsshouldbeentertaining.电影应该是有娱乐性的。,next,entertainenttenv.1sb(tosth)receivesbasaguest;providefoodanddrinkforsb,espinoneshome宴客;招待,款待某人（尤指在自己家中）Idontentertainveryoften.我不常在家请客。BobandLizentertainedustodinnerlastnight.昨晚鲍勃和利兹设宴招待了我们.2sb(withsth)amusesb使某人快乐Couldyouentertainthechildrenforanhour,whileImakesupper?我做晚饭时,你能哄孩子们玩一个小时吗?Heentertainedusforhourswithhisstoriesandjokes.他给我们讲故事说笑话,让我们高兴了好几小时.,next,entertainern.personwhoentertains,espprofessionally（娱乐节目的）表演者;（尤指）艺人:Hesapopulartelevisionentertainer.他是大众喜爱的电视演员.entertainmentn.1Uentertainingorbeingentertained宴客;招待;款待;娱乐theentertainmentofagroupofforeignvisitors宴请一批外宾aplaceofentertainment娱乐场所2Cthingthatentertains;publicperformance(atatheatre,cinema,circus,etc)娱乐;（在剧场电影院马戏团等的）演出Thelocalentertainmentsarelistedinthenewspaper.报纸上登有本地的娱乐活动。,familiarityfmlrtn.goodknowledgeofsth（对某事物的）熟悉,通晓(withsth)Hisfamiliaritywiththelocallanguagessurprisedme.他对当地各种语言如此精通令我吃惊。,familiarfml(r)adj.1withsthhavingagoodknowledgeofsth对某事物熟悉;通晓factswithwhicheveryschoolboyisfamiliar小学生都熟悉的事实2(tosb)wellknown(tosb);oftenseenorheard为（某人）所熟知的;经常见到或听到的:thefamiliarvoicesofonesfriends朋友的熟悉的声音.3(withsb)friendlyandinformal友好的;不拘礼节的:Shegreetedthembytheirfirstnamesinafamiliarway.她和他们打招呼时亲切地直呼其名.Imonfamiliartermswithmybankmanager.我与银行经理交情很好.4(withsb)tooinformal;morefriendlyandinformalthanisacceptable过分亲密的;冒失的:Thechildrenaretoofamiliarwiththeirteacher.这帮小学生对老师过于随便.n.closefriendorspirit密友;摰友familiarlyadv.亲密地;不拘礼节地,gatheringgrin.agroupofpeoplemeetingtogetherforaparticularpurpose集会，聚集attendingagathering参加一个聚会,grandmagrndm:n.grandmother外祖母WheneverGrandmatalks,shealwayslikestogobacktoheryoungerdays.祖母只要一谈话，就肯定要谈到她的青年时代。,humorhju:mn.theabilitytobeamusedbythings,thewayinwhichpeopleseethatsomethingsareamusingorthequalityofbeingamusing诙谐，幽默Unlikehisbrother,hehasagoodsenseofhumor.和他兄弟不同，他有种幽默感。,humoristhjumrstn.apersonwhowritesortellsamusingstories幽默家，有幽默感的人humourlesshjumlisadj.lackinghumour缺乏幽默感的Hescompletelyhumourless.他真的无趣.humoroushjumrsadj.funny,ormakingyoulaugh幽默的Heiseloquentandhumorousaswell.Whathesaysneverfailstopleaseus.他口才好又幽默，他所说的一定能使我们高兴。,idiotiditn.averyfoolishperson白痴，傻子，笨蛋Donttreatmeasanidiot.别把我当傻瓜。,irritatediriteitidadj.feelingannoyedandimpatientaboutsomething恼怒的Anirritatedlookcrossedherface.她马上露出不快之色。irritatertetv.1make(sb)angry,annoyedorimpatient使（某人）愤怒烦恼或急躁Itirritatesmetohavetoshouttobeheard.我得大嚷大叫别人才能听见,我为此十分不快.2causediscomfortto(apartofthebody)使（身体某部）不适;刺激Acidirritatesthestomachlining.酸能刺激胃黏膜.,next,irritationrtenn.irritatingorbeingirritated愤怒;烦恼;急躁;刺激;疼痛;发炎irritantrtntadj.causingirritation;irritating有刺激性的;刺激的:asubstancethatisirritanttosensitiveskins对敏感的皮肤有刺激性的物质.n.(a)substancethatirritates,egpepperinthenose刺激物（如呛到鼻子里的胡椒)(b)(fig比喻)thingthatannoys令人烦恼的事物:Thenoiseoftrafficisaconstantirritanttocitydwellers.车辆的噪音对城市居民是永无止境的骚扰.irritatingiriteitiadj.makingyoufeelannoyed使愤怒的，气人的Shefoundhispreoccupationwithmoneyirritating.她发觉他心里只有钱，感到很生气。,laughablel:fblsostupidastobefunnyandnotworthseriousconsiderationadj.可笑的，有趣的Itishowlaughabletothisnameofdog!给狗起这个名字多可笑！,next,laughterl:ftn.theactoflaughingorsoundofpeoplelaughing笑，笑声Therewasaburstoflaughterinthenextroom.隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。Theroomechoedwiththeirhappylaughter.房间里回荡着他们的欢笑声。,misusemsjuzv.1use(sth)inthewrongwayorforthewrongpurpose误用,滥用（某事物）misusepublicfunds滥用公共基金2treat(sb/sth)badly虐待,苛待（某人）;糟蹋（某事物）Hefeltmisusedbythecompany.他觉得受到公司苛待。n.wrongorincorrectuse误用;滥用themisuseofpower/authority滥用权力/滥施权威.,next,mis-bad;wrong;not坏;错;不;没;无misdirectmisunderstandmistrust.,mutualmjutuladj.1feelingthesameemotion,ordoingthesamethingtoorforeachother相互的,彼此的mutualaffection/suspicion彼此间的爱/猜疑mutualaid/assistance,etc相互的援助/帮助2sharedbytwoormorepeople（人与人之间）共同的,共有的,共享的ourmutualfriendSmith我们两人共同的朋友史密斯.mutually-ul;-ladv.Thetwoassertionsaremutuallyexclusive.这两种说法相互排斥.,prancepr:nsv.walkormoveinaspiritedmanner,danceabout腾跃，欢跃，昂首阔步Thelittlegirlprancesabouttheroominhernewclothes.小女孩穿著新衣在屋里雀跃。ThatcheekynewsecretaryjustpranceduptomeandaskedifIworkedhere!那个冒失的新秘书兴冲冲地蹦跳到我跟前，问我是否在这里工作。,principalprnspladj.firstinrankorimportance;chief;main级别最高的;最重要的;为首的;主要的theprincipalmembersofthegovernment政府高级官员Theprincipalaimofthepolicyistobringpeacetothearea.该政策的主要目的是为给这一地区带来和平。n.(titleofthe)personwiththehighestauthorityinanorganization,espincertainschoolsandcolleges某组织的最高领导人（之称号）;（尤指某些学校和学院的）校长,院长thePrincipalofStJamesCollege圣詹姆斯学院院长.,punpnn.humoroususeofawordthathastwomeaningsorofdifferentwordsthatsoundthesame双关语（利用词的一词多义现象或同音异义现象产生出的词的诙谐用法）Thesloganwasapunonthenameoftheproduct.那广告用语与其产品名称一语双关。,riddlerdln.1puzzlingquestion,statementordescription,esponeintendedtotesttheclevernessofthosewishingtosolveit谜;（尤指）谜语ask/tellsbariddle出个谜语叫某人猜knowtheanswerto/solveariddle知道谜底2puzzlingperson,thing,event,etc谜一般的人东西事情等Shesacompleteriddle,eventoherparents.她是个很难了解的人,连她父母都无法了解她.theriddleofhowtheuniverseoriginated宇宙起源之谜.riddlerridln.apersonwhotellsriddles出谜语的人，解谜的人,selectivesilektivadj.选择的，选择性的Sheisselectiveinthedressesshewears.她对于自己穿的衣服精挑细选。selectivelyslektivliadv.inaselectivemanner有选择地,settingsetin.1aparticularplaceortypeofsurroundingswheresomethingislocatedortakesplace环境，背景，布景；anidealsettingforcamping适宜野营的理想环境2oneofthepositionstowhichthecontrolsofadevicesuchascookerorheatercanbeadjusted调节，设定的位置Twisttheknobtotherightsetting.把旋钮拧到适当的定位挡上。,setupsetpn.1anarrangementnecessaryforaspecificactivityorpurpose（为某活动或目的所做的）准备或铺垫2thewayinwhichsomethingisorganized,plannedorarranged(事物的)结构，体制，机构Hehasanefficientbusinesssetup.他有一个有效的生意机构。,slap-stickn.humorousactinginwhichtheperformerspretendtohitorslaponeanotherusingadevicemadeoftwopiecesofwoodtomakeasoundlikealoudslap打闹剧（因演员用击板相互追打发出声响而得名）Idontthinkslap-stickisfunny.,sparklingsp:kliadj.shiningbrightlywithpointsofflashinglight闪闪发光的，闪烁的Hersparklingjewelleryservedastheperfectfoilforherfinecomplexion.她戴著闪闪生辉的首饰，更显得容貌姣好。Shewasreallysparkling(withhappiness)atthewedding.在婚礼上她(幸福得)容光焕发。,stringstrin.1aseriesofsimilareventsthathappenoneafteranother一连串，一系列Astringofaccidentshappenedatthatcorner.在那个转角发生了一连串的事故。2athinwireorcordusedonamusicalinstrumentorastrongthincordusedforfasteningandtyingthings线，弦Therearefourstringsonaviolin.小提琴有四根弦。3anumberofobjectsthatformsaline一行，一串astringofpearls一串珍珠,suggestivesdestivadj.1seemingtosuggestsomethingsexualorindecent使人产生邪念的，挑逗的Hegaveherasuggestiveglance.他用挑逗的目光看了她一眼。2makingyouthinkofsth提示性的,启发的AverysuggestiveanswerwasadvancedbyGershtain.盖尔斯坦作了富有启发性的回答。,teaseti:zv.1makefunof(sb)inaplayfulorunkindway取笑,嘲弄（某人）Theotherboysusedtoteasehimbecauseof/abouthisaccent.别的男孩子常拿他的口音取笑他。2pretendtoofferyousomethingthatyouwant,especiallysex,butthennotgiveittoyou挑逗HesuspectedthatLaurawasteasinghim.他怀疑劳拉是在挑逗他。,tempttemptv.1sb(intosth/doingsth)persuadeortrytopersuadesbtodosth,espsthwrongorunwise劝说或鼓动某人做某事（尤指错事傻事）Hewastemptedintoalifeofcrimebygreedandlaziness.他受贪婪和懒惰的驱使步入了罪恶的一生.Nothingwouldtemptmetojointhearmy.什麽也不能引诱我参军。2arouseadesireinsb;attractsb引起某人的欲望;吸引某人Thewarmweathertemptedusintogoingforaswim.暖和的天气诱使我们去游泳.temptern.引诱者;诱惑者.theTempter魔鬼;撒旦.temptingadj.attractive;inviting吸引人的;诱人的;有诱惑力的;动人的atemptingoffer诱人的提议Thatcakelooksverytempting.那蛋糕的样子很吸引人。temptinglyadv.诱人地，吸引人地,universalju:niv:sladj.1relatingtoeveryoneintheworldoreveryoneinaparticulargrouporsociety普遍的，全体的，Thegovernmentintroduceduniversalsecondaryeducationyearsago.几年前,政府就倡导普及中等教育。2trueorsuitableineverysituation通用的Thismachinehasauniversaluseinthehome.这种机器在家庭中有广泛的用途。,universally-sl;-sladv.byeveryoneorineverycase普遍地;人人;在所有情况下Therulesdonotapplyuniversally.这些规则并非放诸四海而皆准。Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat.普遍认为.,next,tomakeaneffort;trytodosomething,esp.withoutsucceeding试图，企图1)EverytimeIveattemptedtoconvinceher,Ivefailedcompletely.每一次我都试图说服她，但全然不起作用。,attempt,v.,2)Weatherconditionspreventedthemfromattemptingthejump.天气状况使他们无法试跳。,tempt,aneffortmadetodosomething.,esp.somethingdifficult努力，尝试Hefailedinhisattemptatwinning/towinfirstprize.他试图获得头奖，但却失败了。,n.,Expressions:anattempton/upon/againstsbslife企图谋杀某人anattemptedmurder/suicide杀人/自杀未遂makeanattempttodosomething努力,试图.,2)Theirstayextendedintothenewyear.他们的停留期延长到新年期间。,1.(ofspace,land,time,etc.)toreach,stretch,orcontinue（空间、时间的）延长，扩展,extend,v.,1)Thisroadextendstotheport.这条路一直延伸到港口。,2.tomakelongerorgreater,esp.soastoreachadesiredstation使（空间、时间等）延长，伸展1)Theyextendedthesubwaytothesuburbs.他们把地铁延长到郊区。2)Weextendedthemeetinganother20minutes.我们将会议再延长20分钟。3.tostretchout(apartofonesbody)tothelimit伸出，展开（手、脚等）Theladyextendedherhandtotheguest.那位女士伸出手来和客人握手。,4.(formal)togiveoroffer(help,friendship,etc.)正式给与（帮助、友谊等）1)wedliketoextendawarmwelcometoourFrenchvisitors.我们对法国朋友的到来表示热烈欢迎。,2)Thekindpeopleextendedhelptotherefugees.好心人们向难民伸出援手。,Expressions:extendcredittosb.向某人提供贷款extendcondolences/sympathies致哀/慰唁extendthankstosb.（正式地）向某人致谢,2.tocutaholeinsomething打孔Theticket-collectorpunchedmyticket/punchedaholeinmyticket.检票员在我的车票上打了孔。,punch,v.,1.tohit(someoneorsomething)hardwiththefist用拳猛击Hepunchedthemanintheface/chest/onthenose.他一拳打在那人脸上/胸口上/鼻子上。,pnt,Expressions:punchtheair朝空中挥一拳（表示非常高兴）punchin/out上/下班打卡,1.aquickstrongblowmadewiththefistTheboygotapunchonthejaw.那男孩下颚挨了一拳。2.forcefulness;effectivepowerThespeechwasOK,butithadnorealpunch.那演讲还行，但没有真正的感染力。,n.,Expressions:throwapunch:aimapunchatsomebody用拳头瞄准某人punchline（笑话、故事中最后几句点题或抛出笑料的）妙语，画龙点睛的结尾语,1.delicate;noteasytonotice,understandorexplain细微的；难以理解或捉摸的1)asubtleflavoroforanges少许的橙子味2)Thepicturesaresimilar,buttherearesubtledifferencesbetweenthem.这些图片很相似，但它们之间有细微的差别。,subtle,adj.,stl,2.cleverinarrangement,esp.soastodeceivepeople狡猾的，狡诈的e.g.asubtleplan狡猾的计划3.verycleverinnoticingandunderstanding敏感的e.g.asubtlecritic敏锐的批评家asubtlemind敏锐的头脑,1.tomakeastrongrequestforhelp,support,mercy,etc.恳请，恳求，呼吁1)Weappealedtohimforhelp.我们向他求援。2)Sheappealedtothekidnapperstoreleaseherson.她哀求绑架者释放她的儿子。,appeal,v.attraction;interest感染力，吸引力Thefilmhasgreatappealforyoungaudiences.这部电影对年轻观众有巨大的吸引力。,3.aformalrequesttoacourtortosomeoneinauthoritytochangethedecision上诉；申诉,Expressions:appealtosbsbetternature/senseofhonor/senseofjustice唤起某人的良知/荣誉感/正义感enteranappeal提出上诉appealinglook/voice求助的目光/语气,1.arecordorreminderinwriting记录，笔记,noten.observe注意，留意1)InotedhowherfacereddenedeverytimeBensnamewasmentioned.我注意到每一次提到本的名字，她就会脸红。,v.,2)Pleasenotethatthisbookmustbereturnedwithinaweek.请注意这本书必须在一周内归还。,2.tocallattentionto;remark指出，特别提到,2)Thereportnotedacompletedisregardforthesafetyregulations.报告特别提到人们对安全规定的漠视。,1)Wehavealreadynotedthatsoybeansareagoodsourceofprotein.我们已经说过，大豆含有丰富的蛋白质。,Expressions:makeanoteofsomething将某事记下来thank-younote感谢信take/makenotes做笔记anoteofhumor/sadness一丝幽默/哀伤的色彩takenoteof注意，注目,1.showingalackoffinefeelingorgoodjudgmentinthechoiceofwhatissuitableorbeautiful庸俗的1)Thehousewasfullofexpensivebutveryvulgarfurniture.房子里布满价钱昂贵却十分庸俗的家具。2)avulgardisplayofwealth对财富庸俗的炫耀2.extremelyrudeorbad-mannered无礼的，粗俗的，粗野的vulgarhabits粗鄙的习惯,vulgaradj.,vlg,lackingrefinementorgoodtaste物质的质地、结构等粗糙；言语、举止、态度等粗鲁1)Thetablewascoveredwithcoarsecloth.桌上盖着粗布。2)Hewasacoarse,loud-mouthedman.他是一个粗鲁的、说话大声大气的人。,词汇辨析coarse,crude,obscene,vulgar,coarse,inarawornaturalcondition,beforebeingpreparedforuse;notprocessed;lackinggraceortaste天然的，未加工的；举止谈吐不文雅，粗鲁的,crude,2)Iveneverappreciatedhiscrudesenseofhumor.我从不欣赏他粗俗的幽默。,1)Thepricesofcrudeoilarerising.原