高考代词考点扫描及历年真题分析.ppt

高考代词考点扫描及历年真题分析,程姝,一考点分析代词是英语语法结构中的重要一环,也是高考测试的重点内容之一。纵观历年高考试题,出现频率最高的是不定代词,其次是it用法、疑问代词、反身代词以及人称代词等。本文结合高考试题,对不定代词的易考点进行归纳,以帮助同学们更好地掌握这一语法现象。,one和ones用来代替前面提到过的可数名词,one指代单数,ones指代复数,所替代的是同名异物,表示泛指,可有前置定语或后置定语,也可单独使用。特指时必须加定冠词the。that用来代替前面提到过的单数可数名词或不可数名词,不能和冠词连用,其后常有修饰语。代替可数名词的复数时,用代词those。,1.名词替代词one,ones,that,those的区别,【原题再现】Weneededanewcupboardforthekitchen.SoPetermade_fromsomewoodwehad.A.itB.oneC.himselfD.another,【解析】one替代上文中的cupboard,表示泛指意义;it则用于指代上文提到的原事原物。,【答案】B,2.all,both,either,neither,each,none的用法比较,both,either和neither都表示两者,可作主语、宾语和定语。both还可作同位语。neither表示两者否定;either表示两者中任何一个,强调个体;both表示两者都。all和none表示三者或三者以上。all表示全部肯定,而none表示全部否定。all可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语;none可作主语、宾语和同位语,但不能作定语。all作主语时,指人时看作复数,指事物时看作单数;none作主语,看作单复数皆可。both,all,each,none作主语同位语时,通常放在行为动词的前面,be动词、助动词和情态动词的后面。all和both与not连用表示部分否定。,【原题再现】IinvitedJoeandLindatodinner,but_ofthemcame.A.neitherB.eitherC.noneD.both,【解析】由but可知,第二句话表示否定意思,对两者的否定用neither。,【答案】A,Ihadtobuy_thesebooksbecauseIdidntknowwhichonewasthebest.A.bothB.noneC.neitherD.all,【解析】best是最高级形式,表示三者以上。根据句意因为不知道哪一本最好,我只好把这些书全买下来“。,【答案】D,-Doyouwantteaorcoffee?-_.Ireallydontmind.A.BothB.NoneC.EitherD.Neither,【解析】问话中使用了or,表示让对方选择茶或咖啡,根据答句:Ireallydontmind.,【答案】C,3.other,theother,another,others的用法比较,指代单数时,若是泛指,用another;若是特指,则用theother。指代复数时,若是泛指,用other修饰名词的复数形式;若是特指,用theother修饰名词的复数形式。others不能作定语,表示复数意义,相当于other+复数名词;theothers相当于theother+复数名词。another一般表示单数,其后接可数名词的单数形式。但若其后有数词或few时,则可接复数名词。,【原题再现】Oneofthesidesoftheboardshouldbepaintedyellow,and_.theotheriswhiteB.anotherwhiteC.theotherwhiteD.anotheriswhite,【解析】根据常识,板子有两个面,不能用another;这是一个省略句,在theother和white之间省略了shouldbepainted。选项A具有很大的干扰性,theotheriswhite的意思是另一面是白色的,而不是漆成白色的。,【答案】C,Ihavedonemuchofthework.Couldyoupleasefinish_intwodays?A.therestB.theotherC.anotherD.theothers,【解析】work是不可数名词,不能用theothers代替;therest既可指代可数名词,也可指代不可数名词。,【答案】A,4.some,any及其相应复合不定代词的辨析,some多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑问句。在下列情况下常用some:some后接单数可数名词,意为某一时,相当于acertain+单数可数名词。2)在表示请求或邀请的句子中,当期望对方给予一个肯定的答复时,通常用some,不用any。,在下列肯定句中常用any:1)用于陈述句或祈使句中,意为任何;无论哪一个,后接可数名词单数形式。如:Anybookwilldo-Ijustwantsomethingtoreadonthetrain.,2)用于肯定的条件句中,意为什么;一个(些);ifany是固定词组,意为若有的话。如:HeaskedmeifIhadanybooksinmydesk.some,any,every常与-one,-body,-thing构成复合不定代词,其基本用法与some,any,every用法相当。,【原题再现】-Whenshallwemeetagain?-Makeit_dayyoulike;itsallthesametome.A.oneB.anyC.anotherD.some,【答案】B,Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdontagreewith_.A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing,【解析】not.everything是部分否定。,【答案】A,二、历年真题,（10福建）1.WhenyouintroducemetoMr.Johnson,couldyoupleasesay_forme？everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing,【答案】C,解析：句子的意思是当你向Mr.John介绍我的时候，你可以为我说一些好话吗?A.everything所有的；B.anything任何事；Dnothing什么也没有C.something表示一些，某些,（10上海）2.Ifourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wewontlearntodependon_.themselvesB.themC.usD.ourselves,解析：主语为we，因此应为ourselves.dependononeself:自力更生。,【答案】D,（10安徽）3.Youareateamstar!Workingwith_isreallyyourcupoftea.bothB.eitherC.othersD.theother,解析：句意为“你是球队明星！与他人合作必须是你喜欢做的事。”习语“onescupoftea”意为“thetypeofthingorpersonthatyoulike”。,【答案】C,（10山东）4.Helpingothersisahabit,_youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.A.itB.thatC.whatD.one,解析：句意应为“帮助别人是一种习惯，一个你在很小时就能学会的习惯。”空格处与前句中的habit构成同位关系，所以选择D项。句中youcanlearnevenatanearlyage是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，that在定语从句中作learn的宾语使用。,【答案】D,（10天津）5._inmylifeimpressedmesodeeplyasmyfirstvisittothePalaceMuseum.AnythingB.NothingC.EverythingD.Something,句意：我一生中什么都没有我第一次参观故宫给我的印象更深刻。解析：nothing用于句中表示否定意义，而其他三个词则表示肯定意义。,【答案】B,（10陕西）6.ThecostofrentingahouseincentralXianishigherthan_inanyotherareaofthecity.A.thatB.thisC.itD.one,解析：所填词用于比较状语从句中，指代句子的主语cost，即指代不可数名词，用that。This指代下文即将提到的事物；it指代“同一物”；one指代“同类中的一个”之意。,【答案】A,（10四川）7.OnmydeskisaphotothatmyfathertookofwhenIwasababy.A.himB.hisC.meD.mine,解析：takeaphotoofsb意为给某人照相，此处应用人称代词的宾格。,【答案】C,（10全国）8.Neithersideispreparedtotalkto_unlesswecansmooththingsoverbetweenthem.othersB.theotherC.anotherD.oneother,解析：Neither含有“两者都不”之意，一方对应另一方，故用theother指“两者中的另一个”。,【答案】B,（10重庆）9.Hehadlosthistemperandhishealthinthewarandneverfoundofthemagain.A.neitherB.eitherC.eachD.all,解析：由“histemperandhealth”可以排除C项和D项，由后面的never表否定，选either，nevereither是全部否定，相当于neither。,【答案】B,（10江西）10.Nowadayssomehospitalsrefertopatients_name,notcasenumber.AofBasCbyDwith,解析：方式方法可以用by也可以用with,by+n(方式),with+修饰词+n(工具).,【答案】C,（10浙江）11_thatsimportantisthatyouaredoingyourbestandmovingintherightdirection.AOneBAllCEverythingDAnything,解析：分析四个选项的意思，根据语境：重要的是你正在努力并且朝着正确的方向前行。从而判断此处选择all意思最合适。,【答案】B,12、Themotherdidnotknow_toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.(NMET2002)A、whoB、whomC、howD、what,【解析】本题考察代词的替代用法。根据句意“妈妈不知道该去责备谁”，代词who可以替代人。,【答案】A,13、Infact，_isahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.(上海2001)A、thisB、thatC、thereD、it,【解析】本题考察代词it做形式主语的用法。分析句子结构，真正的主语是tokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch，it可以替代该主语。,【答案】D,14、Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo.(NMET2001)A、howB、afterC、whatD、when,【解析】本题考察疑问代词的用法。分析句子，主句的谓语动词为do，do后面应跟疑问代词what引导的宾语从句，意思是“计算机只能做你指示它做的”。,【答案】C,15、Ifyouwanttochangeforadoubleroom,youllhavetopay_$15.(NMET2000)A、anotherB、otherC、moreD、each,【解析】此题为代词的词义辨析。根据句意“应再付15美元”，空白处需填一个表示“额外”的代词。,【答案】A,16.TheParkersboughtanewhouse,but_willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.(NMET2000)A、theyB、itC、oneD、which,【解析】此题考察it替代物的用法。根据句意可知“Parker一家人新买了一栋房子，但是房子需要装修才能住进去。”，it替代前文提到的事物，故答案为B。注意D项为干扰项，由于but是引导并列句的，所以此处不能用which引导定语从句。,【答案】B,17、(08全国卷I30)Whichofthetwocomputergamesdidyouprefer?ActuallyIdidntlike_.A.bothofthemB.eitherofthemC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem,【答案】B,18、(08全国卷I33)TheEnglishspokenintheUnitedStatesisonlyslightlydifferentfrom_spokeninEngland.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.theone,【答案】C,19、(08北京卷25)ItwashardforhimtolearnEnglishinafamily,inwhich_oftheparentsspokethelanguage.A.noneB.neitherC.bothD.each,【答案】B,20、(08上海春卷26)Manyfast-growingcountriesarelessconcernedwithprotecting_againstclimatechange.A.oneB.oneselfC.themD.themselves,【答案】D,21、(08上海卷26)Doyouwantteaorcoffee?_,Ireallydontmind.A.noneB.neitherC.eitherD.or,【答案】C,22、(08天津卷05)ToknowmoreabouttheBritishMuseum,youcanusetheInternetorgotothelibrary,or_.A.neitherB.someC.allD.both,【答案】D,23、(08重庆卷24)-Couldweseeeachotherat3oclockthisafternoon?-Sorry,letsmakeittime.A.othersB.theotherC.anotherD.other,【答案】C,24、(08辽宁卷26)CouldyoutellmehowtogettoVictoriaStreet?VictoriaStreet?_iswheretheGrandTheatreis.A.SuchB.ThereC.ThatD.This,【答案】C,25.(08山东卷27)Makesureyouvegotthepassportsandticketsand_beforeyouleave.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing,【答案】C,26、(08江西卷23)Isntitamazinghowthehumanbodyheals_afteraninjury?A.himselfB.himC.itselfD.it,【答案】C,27、(08安徽卷21)Thetwogirlsaregettingonverywellandshare_witheachother.A.littleB.muchC.someDnone,【答案】B,28、(08浙江卷09)Idlikesomemorecheese.Sorry,theres_left.A.someB.noneC.alittleD.few,【答案】B,29、(08湖南卷21)Ourneighborsgave_ababybirdyesterdaythathurt_whenitfellfromitsnest.A.us,itB.us,itselfC.ourselves,itselfD.ourselves,it,【答案】B,30、(08四川卷11)Themanagerbelievespriceswillnotrisebymorethan_fourpercent.A.anyotherB.theotherC.anotherD.other,【答案】C,31、(08福建卷21)Howdoyoufindyournewclassmates?Mostofthemarekind,but_issogoodtomeasBruce.A.noneB.nooneC.everyoneD.someone,【答案】A,32.(07江西卷28)Whatdoyouthinkoftheperformancetoday?Great!_butamusicalgeniuscouldperformsosuccessfully.A.AllB.NoneC.AnybodyD.Everybody,【答案】B,33.(07江西卷34)Idontmindhercriticizingme,but_ishowshedoesitthatIobjectto.A.itB.thatC.thisD.which,【答案】A,34、(07山东卷24)_worriesmethewayhekeepschanginghismind.AThisBThatCWhatDIt,【答案】D,35、(07陕西卷16)-Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow_?-No,Idratherbuy_inthebookstore.A.it;oneB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;it,【答案】A,36、(07上海卷26)Themayorhasofferedarewardof$5000towhocancapturethetigeraliveordead.A.bothB.othersC.anyoneD.another,【答案】C,37、(07北京卷27)Hehasmadealotoffilms,but_goodones.A.anyB.someC.fewD.many,【答案】C,38、(07湖南卷27)Tosaveclasstime,ourteacherhas_studentsdohalfoftheexerciseinclassandcompletetheotherhalfforhomework.A.usB.weC.ourD.ours,【答案】A,39、(07(全国卷II7)_feltfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.A.OneB.ThisC.ItD.That,【答案】C,40.(07天津卷1)Hedidntmake_clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.A.thisB.thatC.itD.these,【答案】C,41.(07福建卷23)Thebookisofgreatvalue.canbeenjoyedunlessyoudigestit.A.NothingB.SomethingC.EverythingD.Anything,【答案】A,42.(07全国卷I21)-Haveyouheardthelatestnews?-No,What_?A.isitB.isthereC.aretheyD.arethose,【答案】A,31、(08福建卷21)Howdoyoufindyournewclassmates?Mostofthemarekind,but_issogoodtomeasBruce.A.noneB.nooneC.everyoneD.someone,【答案】A,43.(07安徽卷28)Theschoolsmusicgroupwillbegivingabigshow