汉译英第一讲.ppt

汉译英第一讲选择主语应该遵循的原则在无主句的翻译中必须添加必要的主语必须是句中应该突出的信息必须符合英美人的思维视角必须符合英语的逻辑搭配习惯5.必须符合行文连贯的需要,（1）在无主句的翻译中必须添加必要的主语1.下雨了。Itisraining.2.改革开放胆子要大一些，要敢于试验。Wemustbecourageousenoughtoventureonexperimentsasfarasreformsareconcerned,3.要坐轮船坐飞机，自然也有办法。只要往各地去请托，找关系，或者干脆买张黑票。IcangobysteameroraircraftifIcareto.Icansimplygoaroundfishingforhelporpersonalconnections,orjustbuya“black”ticket.,(2)必须是句中应该突出的信息这次国家调动了160万军队去帮助守护大堤，将被洪水淹没地区的百姓迁走。1.6milliontroopshavebeenmobilizedtohelpprotectthedikesandtomovepeopleoutofareasbeingflooded.人们已把李白的诗集译成许多外国文字。LiBaispoemshavebeentranslatedintomanyforeignlanguages.,3.美国吸引了大批要圆美国梦的青年。a.AmericahasdrawnalargenumberofyoungpeoplewhoseektorealizetheirAmericandream.b.AlargenumberofyoungpeoplearedrawntoAmerica,whoseektorealizetheirAmericandream.,(3)必须符合英美人的思维视角我激动得说不出话来。a.Iwastooexcitedtoutteraword.b.Wordsfailedme.2.我一时记不起他的名字。a.Iforgothisname.b.Hisnameescapedme.,(注）原文中表示条件，原因等意思的词语可用作主语：走廊的地毯厚厚的，我走在上面一点脚步声也没有。a.ThecarpetonthecorridorwassothickthatImadenosoundwalkingoverit.b.Thethickcarpetonthecorridorkilledthesoundofmyfootsteps.,2你稍微想想就能发现这些词语并没有增加句子的意义。Ifyouthinkalittle,youwillfindthatthesewordsaddnothingtothemeaningofthesentence.b.Alittlethoughtwillrevealthatthesewordsaddnothingtothemeaningofthesentence.,3.由于订单减少，广东地区许多工厂不得不减产和裁员。Becausedemanddecreased,manyfactoriesinGuangdonghadtoreduceproductionandcutjobs.DecreaseddemandforcedmanyfactoriesinGuangdongtoreduceproductionandcutjobs.,(4)必须符合英语的逻辑搭配习惯我们的事业从胜利走上胜利。a.Ourcausehaswonvictoriesoneafteranother.b.Wehavewononevictoryafteranotherforourcause.,2.一张白纸可以画出最美的图画。a.Apieceofblankpapercandrawthemostbeautifulpictures.b.Wecandrawthemostbeautifulpicturesonapieceofblankpaper.,(5)必须符合行文连贯的需要我父亲迷上了绘画，绘画成了他生活的一切，要比母亲，孩子甚至他自己更重要。a.Myfatherwasobsessedwithpainting.Itwaseverythingtohim.ItcamebeforeMother,hischildrenandevenhimself.b.Formyfather,paintingwasagoverningpassion.ItcamebeforeMother,hischildrenandevenhimself.,他用双手攀着上面，两脚再往上缩；他肥胖的身子向左微倾，现出努力的样子。Hishandsheldontotheupperpartoftheplatform,hislegshuddledupandhiscorpulentbodytippedslightlytowardstheleft,obviouslymakinganenormousexertion.,3.我打听那女孩回国后的情况，人们告诉我她已在悲伤和孤独中去世了。a.IenquiredaboutwhathappenedtothegirlaftershereturnedtoChina,andpeopletoldmethatshehaddiedofgriefandloneliness.b.IenquiredaboutwhathappenedtothegirlaftershereturnedtoChina,andwastoldthatshehaddiedofgriefandloneliness.,翻译练习：但是，回转来想，从前没有轮船，没有飞机，历来走川江的人都坐木船。就是如今，上上下下的还有许多人在那里坐木船。如果统计起来，人数该比坐轮船坐飞机的多。人家可以坐，我就不能坐吗？我又不比人家高贵。,Now,onreflection,Irealizethatinthedaysbeforesteamersandaircraftcameintouse,peopleusedtotravelbywoodenboatupanddowntheSichuansectionoftheYangtseRiver.Eventodaymanycontinuedtodoso,andstatisticswillshowahighe