必修4 UNIT4 learning about language课件.ppt

(Page66),Itcanbedangerousforyoutomeetpeopleyoudonotknow.ManyAsianpeopledonotusuallyphysicallytouchstrangers.Ifweshowanopenhand,itmeansthatwecarenotholdinganythingdangerous.Therighthandisusuallyusedbecauseitisalmostalwaysthestronger.Peopleshaketheirhandswhenmeetingpeopletoshowthattheycanbetrusted.ToshowrespectMuslimpeoplewilltouchtheirheartandmouthwhengreetingsomeone.,LanguagestudyandGrammar,Bodylanguage,1.represent(vt.)standfororbeasymbolorequivalentof(sb/sth);symbolize代表，象征，等于（某人/某事物）；标志,这个方程式中的Y代表什么？,_inthisequation?,Thisdesign_inmodernart.,这种设计反映了现代艺术中一种主要的新趋势。,2)beanexampleof(sth.)是（某事物）的一个例子。,WhatdoesYrepresent,representsamajornewtrend,2.curious1)(aboutsth/todosth)约翰对人类的起源非常好奇。John_theoriginofmankind.我真想知道她说了什么。I_knowwhatshesaid.,iscuriousabout,wascuriousto,Curiouslyadv.,她一整天都在那里，然而奇怪的是，我却没有看见她。,Shewasthereallday.But,curiously,Ididntseeher.,curiosityn.,3.Nod1)v.(to/atsb)老师同意地点点头。Theteacher_她从我身边走过时向我点头致意。She_asshepassed.2)vt.sth(tosb)他对我点点头表示欢迎。,noddedinagreement,noddedtome,He_tome.,noddedawelcome,n.actofnoddingthehead点头她走过时朝我点一下头。She_me_asshepassed.,gaveanod,4.Notallculturesgreeteachotherthesameway,noraretheycomfortableinthesamewaywithtouchingordistancebetweenpeople.,Theydonotshakehandswithwomen,_kisswomenpublicly.,notnor既不也不,noraretheylikelyto,2)表示否定意义的nor放在句首，该句子应用倒装的语序.,即把be动词、助动词或情态动词放在主语前。,Nobodycanlearnbodylanguageinoneday,_.,没有人能在用一天就学会体态语，我也不能。,norcanI,类似的用法还有：not,never,neither,hardly,seldom等。,NeverhashebeentoColumbia.,_atthepartylastnight.,他昨晚在晚会上一句话也没有说。,Notasingleworddidhesay,他从来都没有去过哥伦比亚。,5.likely,probable,possible1）possible常用于下列结构：itspossibleforsb.todosht;Itspossible+that从句,注意：possible的主语不能是人,2）probable常用于这种结构：itsprobable+that从句,注意：probable的主语不能是人；英语中几乎不说：“itsprobabletodosth.”,3)likely常用于如下结构：sb./sth.islikelytodosth;Itslikelythat从句注意：likely的主语可以是人也可以是物；但几乎不说：“Itslikelytodosth.”Itspossible,thoughnotprobable,thathewillcometomorrow.Hesverylikelytobelateforclass.Itisntlikelytorain.（此次的it表天气，并非形式主语。）,Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions,Findthewordfromthetextforeachofthesemeanings.,_actionofdefendingoneselfagainstanenemysattack._mighthappenorprobablywillbetrue._Europeancountrythatisshapedlikeaboot._smallrestaurantprovidedbyaschoolforitsstudentsorbyacompanyforitsemployees._tobechosentospeakoractinplaceofsomeone,defence,likely,Italy,canteen,represent,Findthewordfromthetextforeachofthesemeanings.,6._torunortravelsomewhereinagreathurry7_tocomenearertosomethingorsomeonefromagreatdistance8_groupofpeopleorganizedforaspecialpurpose9_eithersideofthefacebelowtheeye10_theactofflying,especiallyscheduledonaplane,dash,approach,association,cheek,flight,approachcheekcontrarycuriouslydashJordanmisunderstand,Joanwassittinginthepark.Atall,darkwoman_her,singingloudly.ShelookedasifshewasfromaMiddleEasterncountry,maybe_.Afteraminute,thewomanstoppedandstartedhittingherown_.Joanwatched_,thinkingthatthewomanseemedalittlecrazy.Suddenly,thewomansawJoanand_overtoher.Joanthenrealizedthatshehad_thewomansactionsshewasntcrazy.Shewas,onthe_,askingforhelptokillabee!,approached,Jordan,cheek,curiously,dashed,Completethepassagewiththewordsbelowintheirproperforms.,misunderstood,contrary,Juliawasat_.ShehadjustgraduatedfromuniversityandwasreadytobeginlifeasanIndependent_.Shehadalreadyreceivedsomegreatjoboffersfromseveral_companiesandwasveryexcitedabouttheopportunities.Whilecleaningouther_roomonherlastdayatuniversity,shereceivedanunexpectedphonecall.Thecaller_,crossroads,adult,major,dormitory,greeted,adultcrossroadsmajorgreetedflightspokendormitoryassociationColombiacuriouspresenting,Usewordsfromtheboxtocompletetheparagraphbelow.,herincarefulEnglishandthenintroducedhimselfas_aninternational_.HehadmetJulieafewweeksagoatajobfairandwasimpressedwithher_English.Theonlydifficultywasthathiscompanywasinthecountryof_.Juliewas_tofindoutmore,soaftertalkingwithherparentsthatevening,shebookeda_toSouthAmerica.,representing,association,spoken,Colombia,curious,flight,Discoveringusefulstructures,现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。Eg.Inthefollowingyearsheworkedevenharder.在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。Themanspeakingtotheteacherisourmonitorsfather.正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。,现在分词做定语,现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：inthefollowingyears也可用intheyearsthatfollowed;themanspeakingtotheteacher可改为themanwhoisspeakingtotheteacher.,Practice:_dogsseldombite.BarkB.TobarkC.BarkedD.Barking(2)Thewolfspokeina_voiceandMr.Dongguofelt_.frightening;frightenedB.frightened;frightenedC.frighten;frighteningD.frightening;frightening,D,A,(3)Itspleasuretowatchthefaceofa_baby.asleepB.sleepC.sleepingD.slept(4)The_buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewascoming.A.shakingB.shookC.shakenD.shake,C,A,现在分词在语法功能上相当于动词、形容词和副词。现在分词通常和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。但要注意它地各种形式变化：,主动形式被动形式V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed,现在分词做状语,一般式,完成式,E.g.Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时发生）Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.现在正在建造地这栋楼房室我们地新图书馆（beingbuilt为现在分词的被动形式，表示动作正在进行之中。）,Havingdonethework,hewenthome.完成了工作，他就回家了。,现在分词作状语,现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。现在分词作状语，常常用来表示原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目的地状语（通常用不定式表目的地状语）。,Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.),Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.),1）表时间状语,2)表原因状语Beingill,hedidntgotoschool.(=ashewasill,hedidntgotoschool.),Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.）,既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。,由于想到它或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。,Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.),3)表方式、伴随情况地状语：作伴随状语地分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个动作，或是与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示地动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。,E.g.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.),他们笑着谈着走进了教室。,_,theywentintotheclassroom.,他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。,Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.(Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.),Laughingandtalking,4)表结果E.g.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.),全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎地歌曲。,Thesongissungalloverthecountry,_,makingitthemostpopularsong,5)表条件,Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.),一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。,_,youwillseeawhitehouse.,Walkingahead,(6)与逻辑主语构成独立主格：Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyheard我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。Timepermitting,welldoanothertwoexercises.如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。,有时也可用with(without)+名词（代词宾格）+分词形式Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他点着灯睡着了。(7)作独立成分：Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.从外表看，他一定是个演员。,Practise:Theysetout_forthe_boy.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.searched;losing(2)Thestudentsatthere,_whattodo.doesntknowingB.didntknowingC.notknowD.notknowing,B,D,(3)Hesatthere_,withhisheadonhishand.andthinkB.thinkingC.thoughtD.beingthought(4)The_PrimeMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,_thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.visiting;addB.visited;addingC.visiting;addingD.visited;added,B,C,1.Havingnotseenthefilm,IcanttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.4.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.,Nothaving,working,Seeing,speaking,单句改错,5.“Cantyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.6.Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering,please.7.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.,pointing,Knock,making,1.Thestrangersaidsomethingina_voiceandthelittlegirlwasverymuch_A.frightening,frightenedB.frightened,frighteningC.frightening,frighteningD.frightened,frightened,Choosethebestanswer.,2._thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor.A.PlayingB.WhenIwasplayingC.RepairingD.Examining,3.Mothercaughttheboy_inthecorner.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.beingsmokedD.smoking,4._theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks.A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted,5.“Wecantgooutinthisweather”,saidBob,_outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked,6.Though_money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin,7.Thebell_theendoftheperiod