高考英语第一轮总复习 人教版选修 8 Unit 1 课件.ppt

选修8,Unit1Alandofdiversity,考点要求,写出下列必考单词1.大多数；大半n._2.牛（总称）n._3.联邦制的；联邦政府的adj._4.侄子；外甥n._5.代理；副职n.adj._6.发生；出现vi._7.公正n_8.行李n._9.渡船；渡口n._10.权威；当局；官方n._,majoritycattlefederalnephewviceoccurjusticeluggage/baggageferryauthority,.写出下列单词的变化形式1.种族(n.)_；人种的(adj.)_；种族主义(n.)_；种族主义者(n.)_2.社会的（adj.）_；社会主义(n.)_；社会主义者/的（n.adj.）_3.申请（vt.）_；申请人（n.）_；申请（n.）_4.国家;民族（n.）_；民族的(adj.）_；国籍（n.）_5.指出；表明(vt.)_；指示者;指示器（n.）_；指示;指标（n.）_,racialist,race,racial,racialism;,social;,socialism,socialist,apply,applicant,application,national;,nation;,nationality,.indicate,indicator,indication,6处罚；惩罚(vt.)_；处罚；惩罚（n.）_；该处罚的（adj.）_,punish,;punishment,punishable,活学活用用所给单词的适当形式完成句子。1.Sheisanativeof_,thatistosay,sheisan_.(Italy)2.Theycomefromdifferent_,sotheyhavedifferent_customs.(race)3._,shetooknonoticeofthe_mistakesintheaccident.(apparent),4.He_thatasan_Ishouldgivehimsome_ofhowIdidinthetest.(indicate)5.Allthe_can_inpersonorbyletterandatthesametimeshouldhandintheir_beforeMay5th.(apply)6.Mr.Liuisasupporterof_,heistotallya_.(social)7.He_the_childrenfortheircarelessnessandthe_wastoosevere.(punish),答案:1.Italy;Italian2.races;racial3.Apparently;apparent4.indicated;indicator;indications5.applicants;apply;applications6.socialism;socialist7.punished;punishable;punishment,.翻译下列必背短语1.用方法；借助_2.谋生_3.（某人）想到_4.与合作或工作_5.画线标出界线_6.包括；吸收_7.保持;沿袭(风俗）_8.许多,很多_9继续存在_10.背靠背_,bymeansofmakealifeoccurtoteamupwithmarkouttakeinkeepupagreat/goodmanyliveonbacktoback,活学活用根据括号中的解释，从课文中找出恰当的短语完成下列句子。1.Thethiefhadwantedtoescape_(byusing)asecrettunnel,butwascaught.2.Hisparentswereableto_(earnone，sliving)byfishing.3.Nobodylikesto_(cooperatewith)lazypersons.4.Only_(inthisway)canyoulearnEnglishwell.5.TheUK_(includeorcoversth.)England,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland.,6.He_(drawlinesaround)thebasketballcourtwithpaint.7.Theenemy_(continuedsth.)theirbombardment(轰炸)dayandnight.,答案：1.bymeansof2.makealife3.teamupwith4.bythismeans5.takesin6.markedout7.keptup,.单元重点动词,mournreformhireshaveillustrateelectindicategraspinsertimmigrate,活学活用用上述动词的适当形式填空。1.Thegovernmentmanagedtomakeallthepoorpeopleliveabetterlifethanbeforeby_thesocialsecuritysystem.2.I，msorrythatIfailed_thespiritofyourreport.,3.Themeaning_inthepoemwasdifficulttounderstand.4._totheUnitedStates,shefoundithardtoadaptherselftothelifethere.5._coinsintotheslodandpressforaticket.6.Hewasstill_hisbrother，sdeath.,答案：1.reforming2.tograsp3.indicated4.Immigrated5.Insert6.mourning,.重点句型1.ItislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.(P2)美洲印第安人很可能在至少15,000年前就住在加州.Itislikelythat.有可能Sb.islikelytodosth.某人有可能做某事。活学活用模仿造句。(1)很可能今晚她给我打电话。_(2)汤姆有可能知道这个秘密。_,答案：(1)It，sverylikelythatshe，llringmetonight.(2)Tomislikelytoknowthissecret.,2.PeoplefromAfricahavebeenlivinginCaliforniasincethe1800s,whentheymovednorthfromMexico.(P3)非洲人从19世纪就在加利福尼亚住下来，他们是从墨西哥向北迁来的。剖析：句型：since.自从以来,时态搭配通常是从句用过去时，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。Mr.WhitehasbeenlivinginBeijingsincehecametoChina.自从怀特先生来了中国后，他就一直住在北京。,活学活用模仿造句。(1)自从20世纪80年代以来，很多来自全国各地的人定居广东。_(2)自从上次见面后，你到哪里了？_,答案:（1）Sincethe1980s,manypeoplefromalloverthecountryhavebeensettlinginGuangdong（2）WherehaveyoubeensinceIlastsawyou？,.语篇领悟根据课文California完成下列短文Californiaisthe（1）(three)largeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.ItisthemostmulticulturalstateintheUS.Thisisnot（2）(surprise)whenyouknowthehistoryofCalifornia（3）hasattractedpeoplefromnearlyeverycountryintheworld.Noonereallyknowswhattimethefirst（4）(settle)arrivedin（5）wenowknowasCalifornia.ThescientistsbelievethattheNativeAmericansreachedAlaska（6）meansofalandbridge.Inthe18-thcentury,CaliforniawasruledbySpain.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajority,werereligiousmen.In1848,gold（7）(discover)inCaliforniaandthedreamofbecomingrichquicklyattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Infact,fewachievedtheirdream,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselves.Inmorerecentdecades,California（8）(become)hometopeoplefromAsia.（9）isbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbe（10）greatthattherewillbenomajorracialorculturalgroup.,答案:1.third2.surprising3.which4.settlers5.what6.by7.wasdiscovered8.hasbecome9.It10.so,.考点活用用本单元所学词组、句型翻译下列短文自从1978年中国改革以来，中国经历了移民大潮。致富的梦想吸引着成千上万农民从农村来到城市，他们被叫做农民工。尽管辛苦，他们中的多数人都能适应城市生活，有些农民工甚至申请到了城市居住权。农民工通过努力工作为城市的繁荣作出了贡献。_,答案:Sincethereformin1978,Chinahasexperiencedmigrationmovements.Thedreamofbecomingrichhasattractedtensofandthousandsoffarmersfromthecountrysidetothecities,whoarecalledmigrantworkers.Themajorityofthemcanfitinwiththelifeinthecitiesdespitegreathardship,someofwhomevenhaveappliedforrighttoliveinthecity.Thesemigrantworkershavemadegreatcontributionstotheboomofthecitiesbymeansofworkinghard.,自主学习,1.ItalsohasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA.(P2)加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州词语归纳distinction差别，区分distinct清楚的;明显的distinctly清楚地;明显地makeadistinctionbetweenAandB把A与B区别开havethedistinctionof有特点;不同凡响,即学即练根据汉语提示完成句子。(1)她不同凡响,成为第一个游过英吉利海峡的女性。_(2)Therewasa_(明显的局促不安的感觉)intheair.(3)Thenscientists_.(把科学和艺术区别开来),答案:(1)ShehadthedistinctionofbeingthefirstwomantoswimacrosstheEnglishChannel.(2)distinctsenseofembarrassment(3)madeadistinctionbetweenartandscience,2.ScientistsbelievethatthesefirstsettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitfromAsiatoAlaskabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.（P2）科学家们认为，这些最早的定居者是从亚洲通过史前时期曾经存在过的大陆桥，跨过白令海峡来到阿拉斯加的。短语归纳bymeansof用办法，借助bythismeans用这种方法byallmeans务必，一定byanymeans无论如何，以一切可能的手段bynomeans决不，无论如何也不,即学即练请用上述短语填空。（1)Heenteredtheroom_thetreenearthewindow.（2)Youcangettheanswerquickly_.（3)Youmustfinishthetaskontime_.,答案:（1）bymeansof（2）bythismeans（3）byanymeans,3.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmenwhoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.(P2)在首批移居加利福尼亚的西班牙人中，大部分是来向土著人传授天主教的牧师。阅读下列句子，学习majority的用法。Themajorityofstudentsarehardworking.（themajorityof后接可数名词）Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.(themajorityof后接不可数名词),Nowamajorityofwomeninthiscityoftenfindjobseasily.（amajorityof+复数名词，表示“多数，很多”时，谓语动词用复数。）即学即练根据汉语完成句子。(1)_(大部分人)seemtopreferTVtoradio.(2)多数人赞成这个建议。_(3)Hewaselected_.(以多数票),答案:(1)Themajorityofpeople(2)Themajoritywas/wereinfavouroftheproposal.(3)byalargemajority,4.There，safascinatingdrivemarkedoutfortourists.(P8)有一种专为旅游者选定的迷人的驾车游活动。阅读下列句子，注意mark的词性及搭配。Whomadethesedirtymarksonmynewbook？（n.痕迹;污点;斑）Theteachergavehimhigh/lowmarksforhisgeography.（n.分数）Pricesaremarkedonthegoods.(vt.在上作记号）Hewasmarkedoutforspecialtraining.（指定或者选择某人/某物）,即学即练根据汉语完成句子。(1)读课文时最好把重要的句子划出来。_(2)我们指定她当我们的教练。_,答案:(1)Whilereadingthetext,youhadbettermarkouttheimportantsentences.(2)Shewasmarkedoutforourcoach.,5.It，sa79kmroundtripthattakesinallthefamoustouristspots.(P8)这是一次往返79公里的旅行，它覆盖了所有著名的旅游景点。词语归纳takeaway拿走takeback收回（话等）takeiteasy别急takeon雇佣；具有（面貌、颜色）takefor错以为；误以为是takeafter长得像takeup从事；开始（某活动或爱好）占去；接着做takein吸收，吸引，收留，留宿，包容，理解，欺骗,即学即练用takeoff,takeup,takeon.as,takeover,takein,takefor,takeback填空。(1)Thebosswasaskedto_Bob_anofficeboy.(2)Thebattleherowe_anordinarysoldieratfirstgaveusaninspiringspeech.(3)Theplane_andheadednorth.(4)Didthey_muchafterlisteningtomylecture？(5)Cars_agreatdealofvaluablespaceontheroads.,(6)MayI_whatIpromisedyou？Verysorry,Ican，tbuyyouabicycleontime.,答案：(1)takeon,as(2)tookfor(3)tookoff(4)takein(5)takeup(6)takeback,6.Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.(P2)有些人死了或回家了,但是多数人尽管艰难，还是留在了加利福尼亚劳作谋生。词语归纳makealife谋生earnonesliving谋生live/leada.life过着的生活。,即学即练根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。(1)Hisfather_(靠教书为生)inthepast.(2)Hisgrandfather_(靠买卖二手房谋生)andlefthimalotofmoney.(3)Thankstothegoodpolicy,weare_(过着幸福的生活)now.,答案：(1)madealifebyteaching/earnedhisliving(2)madealifebybuyingandsellingsecondhandhouses(3)living/leadingahappylife,7.Teamupwithacouplefrommyhotelandhireacar.（P8）同饭店里的一对夫妻作伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。,词语辨析,hire；rent；let；employ都含“租用”或“出租”的意思。（1）hire有“雇”、“短期租借”的意思,如:hireservants雇佣人;hireahallforanevening租礼堂用一晚上。（2）rent指“较长期地租用或租出(房屋、土地等)”,如:rentahouse租房子。（3）let指“出租(房屋、地产等)”,如:ahousetolet出租的房屋。（4）employ指长期雇佣或聘用脑力劳动者。,即学即练用hire；rent；employ；let填空。(1)We，dbetter_acarfortheweekend.(2)Hemakesalifeby_outhishousetotourists.(3)She_forsixmonthsnow.(4)Thereisasignoutsideahouseandtheroomsareto_.,答案：(1)hire(2)renting(3)hasn，tbeenemployed(4)let,8.manyChinesepeopleappliedforrighttoliveinUSA.(P8)很多中国人申请在美国的居住权。词语归纳beappliedto适用于,应用于,施加于,用来表示,与接触applyfor申请;请求,接洽applyoneselfto致力于,集中精力做某事applysth.to把施于;把运用于applyto关系到,牵涉到适用于;运用于向询问,向接洽,即学即练根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。（1）Youwillpassyourexams_.(如果你真正专心致志)（2）_(你应该立即申请这次机会),inpersonorbyletter.（3）WhatIhavesaid_.(与你无关)(4)Anurse_.(正给他的伤口敷药),答案:(1)ifyoureallyapplyyourselftoyourwork(2)Youshouldapplyimmediatelyforthechance(3)doesnotapplytoyou(4)isapplyingsomemedicinetohiswound,写作步步高,摘要写作技巧（5）写作指导：有些议论文把主题句放在各段的开头，这时，只要将各段首句相连就成了全文摘要。活学活用阅读下列短文，以约30词写出该文摘要。DisadvantagesoflifeinbigcitiesAlthoughbigcitiesprovidepeoplewithmanyconveniences,theycertainlyhavetheirowndisadvantages.Trafficisthefirstandoftenmostseriousproblem.Themajorityofpeoplespendagreatdealoftimeontheirwaytoworkorcomingbackfromwork.Duringtherushtime,allthestreetsarejammedwithpackedbusesandendlesslinesof,bicyclesandcars,andalmostavoidabletrafficaccidentsoccur,resultinginbrokenlimbsandtrafficdeaths.Airpollutioncomessecond.Factoriesandmovingv