人教版高中英语必修四 Unit 4 Body language grammar PPT课件.ppt

Grammar,V-ing形式作状语,(not)doing,(not)beingdone,(not)havingdone,(not)havingbeendone,2.现在分词作状语,现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。现在分词作状语，常常用来表示原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目的地状语（通常用不定式表目的的状语）。,Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.),Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.),1）表时间状语,Turningaround,shesawapolicecardrivingup.Lookingoutofthewindow,Isawsomechildrenplayingfootball.(When)hearingthenews,hecouldnthelplaughing.,时间,2)表原因状语Beingill,hedidntgotoschool.(=ashewasill,hedidntgotoschool.),Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.）,既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。,由于想到他或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。,Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.),Beingpoor,hecouldntgotoschool.Seeingnobodyathome,heleftthemanote.Notknowinghistelephonenumber,Icouldntgetintouchwithhim.,原因,3)表方式、伴随情况的状语：作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个动作，或是与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。,Eg.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.)Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.(Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.),Shestoodwaitingforabus.Hesattherereadingabook.Thestudentsranoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.,方式或伴随状语,4)表结果Eg.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.),全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。,Thesongissungalloverthecountry,_.,makingitthemostpopularsong,Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.Herhusbanddied,leavingherfourchildren.Theyfired,killingmanypeopleinthestreet.,结果,5)表条件,Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.),一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色的房子。,_,youwillseeawhitehouse.,Walkingahead,Usingyourhead,youllfindagoodway.Workinghard,youllsurelysucceed.,条件,注意：,1.当v-ing形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，应使用完成式：havingdoneHavingfinishedhishomework,herushedouttoplaybasketball.2.当v-ing形式与句子的主语之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系时，应使用被动式：beingdoneBeinghelpedbytheteacher,shewilllearnEnglishwell.,3.当v-ing形式被动式的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，被动式应使用完成式：havingbeendoneHavingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseethelibrary.Havingbeentranslatedintomanylanguages,thebookwaswidelyreadallovertheworld.,4.v-ing形式作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。,Rushingintothedining-room,supperwaswaitingforme.Rushingintothedining-room,Ifoundsupperwaswaitingforme.Whilevisitingastrangecity,aguide-bookisveryhelpful.Whilevisitingastrangecity,youmayfindaguide-bookveryhelpful.,Timepermitting,Iwillpayavisittothewholecity.(分词的逻辑主语是time,而句子的主语是I,两者不构成主谓关系,所以只能用独立主格结构,也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。),5.独立主格结构：Springcomingon,thetreesturnedgreen.Hermotherbeingill,shehadtolookafterherathome.Timepermitting,wellvisittheGreatWall.Heguidingtheblindman,theywalkedslowlyacrossthestreet.,有时也可用with(without)+名词（代词宾格）+分词形式Withthelightsburning,he