人教版高中英语定语从句复习课件.ppt

Grammar,TheAttributiveClause,定语从句,Bycliffe,一、定语从句及相关概念,定语：可以由形容词、代词、数量词、名词、副词、不定代词、介词短语等来担任。如果是一个从句担任定语，那么这个从句就是定语从句。ThegirlwhoisstandingthereisMary.定语从句,定语从句的概念：在主从复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。ThegirlwhoisstandingthereisMary.先行词关系词先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。关系词：引导定语从句的词。关系词的分类：关系代词和关系副词,起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不完整。,起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。,修饰先行词,修饰先行词/修饰整个句子,无逗号隔开,有逗号与主句隔开,有that,无that,二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句,作宾语时可以省略,不可以省略,1.两种定语从句的区别,当关系代词指代整个主句内容时。,(1).Hewaslateagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.,2.只用非限制性定语从句的三种情况：,当先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物时。,(2).Themoon,whichis384,400kilometersawayfromtheearth,goesaroundtheearth.,先行词是人名、地名、国名、建筑物等专有名词时。,(3).YesterdayheleftAmerica,wherehehadstayedfortwoyears.,1.如何判断用关系代词还是关系副词?2.指物时只用that或which的情况3.Whose的用法及转换形式4.as与which引导定语从句的区别5.指人时that与who的区别6.介词+关系代词7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题,三、定语从句常见考点,考点一:如何判断用关系代词还是关系副词?,方法一代入法若可把先行词直接代入定语从句时，用关系代词；若先行词前需加介词才可带入时，用关系副词。,方法二句子成分分析法如果先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语，用关系代词；如果先行词在定语从句中作状语，用关系副词。,Iwillneverforgettheday_Ifirstwenttoschool.Iwillneverforgettheday_wespentinBeijing.Thehouse_wevisitedisbeingrepairednow.Thehouse_Luxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.,when,(which/that),(which/that),where,1.先行词为all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词时。,2.先行词被all,little,much,every,no等修饰时。,3.先行词被序数词（thefirst,thelast）或形容词最高级(thebest)修饰时或先行词前有thevery,theonly等时。,4.先行词是人和物的组合。5.若主句中有疑问代词who或者which，为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用who,which，而用that。,只用that的情况:,考点二:指物时that与which的区别,1.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichBthatCthisD.it,指物时只用which的情况:(1).引导非限定定语从句时(2).介词后面,2.Theday_hewasbornwasAug.20,1952.A.onwhichBthatCwhichD.this,1.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it,选择：,4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom5.Thereisnodictionary_youcanfindeverything.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat,6.Isoxygentheonlygas_helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it,7.Whichwasthehotel_wasrecommendedtoyou?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.it,考点三:Whose用法及转换形式,1.whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。Thatsthechildwhosefatherisateacher.,Doyouknowthewomanwhosehusbandisadoctor?Thisisabookwhosecover(封面)isgreen.,2.whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。,3.whose的先行词指物时,可用ofwhich代替,但是词序不同，即whose+名词=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.,Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.,=Helivesintheroom,thewindowofwhichfacessouth.,=Helivesintheroom,ofwhichthewindowfacessouth.,考点四：as与which引导的定语从句的区别,两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但是下列情况多用as。当与such或thesame连用时，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou.2.as引导的定语从句可以放在句首、句中、句尾,as本身有“正如，正像”之意，与之连用的动词有know,see,expect,announce,pointout等动词。e.g.Asweallknow,theearthisround.,1._wasnatural,hemarriedJenny.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.Suchsigns_weuseintheexperiment_Greekletters.A.as,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,is3.Ipassedhimalargeglassofwhisky,_hedrankimmediately.A.thatB.asC.whichD.who,4.Sheisverygoodatdance,_everybodyknows.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as5._hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As6.Wedothesamework_theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.like,Anyone_breaksthelawispunished.Those_breakthelawarepunished.He_breaksthelawispunished.,在anyone,those,he/she/I/they作先行词时,用“who”代替“that”.,考点五:指人时that与who的区别,who,who,who,考点六:介词+关系代词,提醒:介词关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是介词的选择.方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词的习惯搭配。方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。,注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，定语从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom（指人）不可用that或who代替。,Thisistheboy.Heworkedwiththeboyintheoffice.Thisistheboy(who/whom/that)heworkedwithintheoffice.,Jointhemintoonesentence.,=Thisistheboywithwhomheworkedintheoffice.,关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which(指物)或whom(指人)。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在定语从句之尾。,但是遇到固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不能前置。,Isthisthebook(which/that)youarelookingfor?,填适当的关系词,1.Theman_youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroom_myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.3.Didyoufindthepen_Iwrotejustnow?4.Didyoufindthecomposition_Iwrotejustnow?,withwhom,inwhich,withwhich,which,考点七:定语从句的主谓一致问题定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。1.Iamnotonewho_afraidofdifficulty2.Dontchooseme,who_notfitforthisjob,is,am,3.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten4.Sheisnottheonlyoneofthegirls_wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosing,1.Isthisfactory_wevisitedlastweek?,D,Isthisthefactory_wevisitedlastWeek?,A、whereB、thatC、towhichD、theone,B,解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。,四、练习题,2.Letmethinkofapropersituation_thissentencecanbeused.,A、whereB、thatC、ofwhomD、which,A,先行词是situation,case,scene时，一般用where,最佳选择则是inwhich,3.Shewillneverforgettheday_shespentinBeijing.,A、whenB、whatC、whichD、why,C,Shewillneverforgettheday_shestayedwithhiminBeijing.,A,4.YingDeisacity,_isfamousforitsblacktea.YingDeisacity,_thereisaBaojingPalace.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.there,A,C,5.Thecollegewonttakeanyone_eyesightisweak.,A、whoB、whoseC、ofwhomD、which,B,6.Those_totakepartinthegamewritedownyournames.,A、whoB、whowantC、whowantsD、what,B,7.IdontlikeEnglish,_grammarIamnotinterested.IdontlikeEnglish,_grammarisdifficulttolearn.Ilikethishut(小屋),_doorway(门口)isjustenoughtoget.Ilikethishut,_doorwayissmall.A.inwhoseB.whichC.throughwhoseD.whose,A,D,C,D,8.I，_yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.,A、whoisB、whatisC、whatamD、whoam,D,9.Hiswalkingstick,_hecantwalk,waslostyesterday.,A、thatB、withwhichC、whichD、withoutwhich,D,10.Whichofthetwocows_youkeepproducesmoremilk?,A、whichB、thatC、whatD、as,B,11.Asmanymembers_werepresentagreedtotheplan.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.as,D,12.HemustbefromAfrica,_canbeseenfromhisskin.A.thatB.asC.whoD.what,B,13.Thisisthesamepen_Ilostyesterday.A.asB.thatC.theoneD.A&B,D,比较：.thesamepenasIlost.thesamepenthatIlost.,表示这支钢笔与我丢失的那支很像，不一定就是。,则表示这支钢笔就是我丢失的那支钢笔.,14.Theteachergaveussodifficultaproblem_wecouldntsolve.Theteachergaveussodifficultaproblem_wecouldntsolveit.A.asB.thatC.whichD.theones,A,B,so.that后面跟的是一个结果状语从句,15._ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorhighschoolisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.WhatD.That,B,16.Illtellyou_hetoldmelastnight.A.allwhichB.allwhatC.thatallD.all,D,17.Howdoyoulikethebook?Itsquitedifferentfrom_Ireadlastmonth.A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat,C,18.Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_werebuiltfiveyearsago.,A、allofthemB、eitherofthemC、allofwhichD、bothofthat,C,19.Iboughtsomebooksfromthebookstore,five_wereEnglishnovels.,A.ofwhichB.whichC.thatD.inwhich,A,名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom引导非限定性定语从句,20.HereareplayersfromJapan,someof_areouroldfriends.HerearesomeplayersfromJapanandsomeof_areouroldfriends.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.the