英语发音规则.doc

英语发音规则英语语音名词解释1音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（m n l例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。0-012音节的划分 在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长元音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短元音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。例如：长元音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther短元音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er0-023重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。0-034开音节 绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name these bike home excuse0-045闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bag egg fish not cup0-056双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。例如：stu-dent Chi-na sec-ond au-tumn含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：about before excuse repair forget-ful inven-tor0-067多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如：el-e-phant con-grat-ula-tion词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scientific impression nation0-一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词编 号a在开音节中ename plane Jane baby cake1-01 在闭音节中bag dad hat map black back1-02e在开音节中i:he these me Chinese1-03在闭音节中ebed let pen desk yes egg 1-04i在开音节中abike fly drive time nice kite1-05在闭音节中fish big drink sit milk swim1-06o在开音节中uthose close go hoe home no1-07在闭音节中clock not box shop sock1-08u在开音节中ju:student excuse duty Tuesday1-09在闭音节中bus cup jump much lunch1-10在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读u:音，例如：June blue ruler super1-11二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词编 号aChina another woman breakfast2-01orange comrade village cabbage2-02ehundred student open moment2-03chicken pocket begin children2-04i/holiday beautiful family animal2-05aexercise satellite2-06osecond tonight somebody welcome2-07ualso zero photo2-08uautumn difficult2-09ju(:)popular congratulation January2-10动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读ei音，例如：operate2-11u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读u(:)音，例如：July influence February issue2-12三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读 音例 词编 号a在w音后面want what watch wash quality3-01a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前:after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father3-02i在gh -gn -ld -nd前ahigh light sign child find3-03o在-st -ld前umost postcard old cold3-04o在m n v th前come monkey love mother3-05四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词编 号arar在w音后面:car farm dark sharpener4-01:warm quarter towards4-02oror在w音后面:forty morning short4-03:word worker worse4-04er ir ur:certainly bird Thursday4-05辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry berry mirror sorry hurry 4-06-r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读音，例如：dollar teacher martyr comfort Saturday4-07五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词编 号areecare dare hare5-01erehere mere5-02ireafire hire wire 5-03ore:more score before5-04urejupure cure5-05重读音节中元音字母加r，再加非重读元字组时，元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体，按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读r音。例如：parent zero inspiring story during5-06某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph forest spirit5-07完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读音，例如：picture pleasure非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发r音，例如：salary5-08六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词编 号ai/ayeafraid rain wait day play6-01aireair hair chair pair repair6-02alal 在 f m 前:small ball talk wall all6-03:l always also salt almost6-04:half calm6-05au/aw:autumn daughter draw6-06eai:teach easy cheap please6-07 eheavy bread sweater weather6-08ebreak great6-09 earhear dear near clear year6-10ebear pear wear swear6-11:earth learn early6-12eei:jeep week green three6-13eerpioneer deer beer6-14ei/eyeeight neighbour they6-15 eu/ew在 j l r 后ju:new few newspaper6-16u:flew brew jewelry6-17ie/s音后拼写为eii:piece field receive seize6-18oaucoat Joan boat goal6-19 oar/oor:roar board door floor6-20oi/oynoise point boy toilet6-21oou:broom food tooth school6-22ubook look cook foot good6-23ou/owauflower house count down6-24uknow row throw though6-25young country enough6-26u:group you soup through6-27our:course your four6-28auour hour ours6-29:journey6-30uiui 在j l r s后ju:annuity continuity 6-31u:juice fruit suit6-32七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音元音字组或字群读 音例 词编 号ai/ay ei/eySunday foreign monkey7-01owuyellow sparrow tomorrow7-02元音字组在非重读音节中读音或音。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee7-03-sion -tionnimpression nation7-04-sion在元音字母后nvision decision occasion7-05-tion在s后nquestion suggestion7-06-stensnlisten christen7-07-stleslwhistle jostle castle7-08-surepressure7-09-sure在元音字母后pleasure measure7-10-turepicture culture7-11八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如：everydaye handbagblackboard:8-01有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在时的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：sun太阳 + daye日子 Sunday 星期天holy神圣 + daye日子 holiday 假日break中断 + fast:斋戒 breakfast 早餐cup茶杯 + board木板: cupboard 碗柜 main主要部分 + land陆地 mainland 大陆8-02九、辅字组的读音辅字组读 音例 词编 号bbbike bus bag9-01 /bomb tomb lamb climb9-02cc在e前或在i/y前kcake picture coat music9-03sface decide cinema9-04chmuch chick rich teacher9-05kschool headache chemistry9-06machine Chicago9-07-ckkcock pocket black knock9-08dddoctor bread hand day 9-09-dgedbridge fridge9-10dr-drchildren driver drink9-11fffive four breakfast9-12gg在e i/y前 bag gardon go 9-13dorange large German 9-14-ghgh-fcough enough rough9-15sorghum spaghetti ghost9-16gu- -gueguess league dialogue guitar9-17wlanguage anguish penguin9-18hhhot head house hand9-19/hour honest honor9-20jdjeep jar joke join July9-21kkkind bike skate make week9-22kn-nknife know knock9-23lllife milk school tall9-24mmmonkey come tomato9-25-mnmautumn column solemn9-26nn在k g音前nnot shine ten note 9-27uncle thank hungry9-28-ngmorning young wrong9-29pppaper plane pig ship pen9-30phfelephant photo telephone9-31q/-quekIraq cheque 9-32qu-kwquality quite quarter 9-33rrred rubber ruler9-34s在音节开头或清