中考完形填空和单选课件

单项填空,单项填空主要考查考生的语法知识和运用语法知识的能力，以及对词语和词语搭配、习惯用语等的正确理解能力。这部分试题覆盖面广，淡化了语法，突出了语言的实用性。从设计的角度看，这部分考查的重点不是语法结构和词汇记忆，而是把语法和词汇知识的测试放在适当的情景中，强调了语言知识的实际应用和交际功能。大多数题目考查考生在特定语境中理解和运用语法、词汇等基础知识的能力。,2008中考完形填空模拟举例,选择考点应侧重从语言的意义考虑，而不能一味地考查语法形式或句子结构。,单项选择中学生答题常见错误思维分析,今年你们很可能也会犯的mistakes！,（1）-AreyougoingtoBeijingbyplane?-Itsfast,butexpensive.SoIamnotsure.I_takeatrain.A.shouldB.mayC.mustD.will错选D的学生所解释的原因为：问句有begoingto结构，表示将来时态，所以选择will。老师经常说：用什么时态问，就用什么时态回答。,（2）-Whatahotday!Haveyouhadadrink?-Yes.ButIdliketohave_afterwork.A.itB.oneC.otherD.another错选B的学生所解释的原因为：老师经常比较it和one的用法，这里用代词代替adrink，同类不同物，所以选one；但如果把other和another放在A选项和B选项，我就会选another，因为考点应该是对other和another的辨析。,（3）-Nancy,howlongdoesittaketoflytoCanada?-Sorry,Idontknow.ButIcantelephonemyfatherto_itforyou.A.doB.checkC.catchD.find错选C的学生所解释的原因为：平时对catch一词的用法考得最多，对catchthebus，Youspeaktoofast,Icantcatchit这种搭配特别熟悉，而check和时间搭配平时老师讲得少，所以认为选catch的可能性最大。,（4）-Whomwouldyouliketobeyourassistant,JackorDavid?-IfIhadtochoose,Davidwouldbe_choice.A.goodB.betterC.thebetterD.thebest错选B的学生所解释的原因为：Jack和David，两者之间用比较级，形容词比较级前不用定冠词the，最高级前才要用the，所以选better。,（5）_spendingourvacationinahotel,whynottryhikinginthecountry?A.InsteadofB.BecauseofC.ThankstoD.Asfor错选D的学生所解释的原因为：汉语搭配“关于（至于），为什么不？”，所以选Asfor。,（6）-Inventorshavechangedthewaywelive.-Sotheyarefamousforthegreatthingsthey_.A.doB.didC.aredoingD.haddone错选D的学生所解释的原因为：第一句用了完成时态，第二句很可能也用完成时态，另外，发明家出名肯定是因为已经完成了伟大的事情，所以就选了haddone。,（7）-Haveyoufoundtheinformationaboutfamouspeople_youcanuseforthereport?-Notyet.IllsearchsomeontheInternet.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.whom错选D的学生所解释的原因为：定语从句的先行词是人，引导词就用who，在句中做宾语，就用宾格whom。这里的先行词是famouspeople，在定语从句中又是做宾语，所以引导词当然是whom。,传统单项选择形式举例,估计大家很熟悉它们，itstooeasy！,1.Dont_toomuchTV.Itsbadforyoureyes.A.watchB.watchedC.watchingD.towatch2.-Whosenotebookisit?-ItbelongstoLily.Didntyousee_nameonit?A.sheB.herC.hers3.-Fewwell-knownsingerscametotheconcert,didthey?-_.SuchasAndyLau,JayzhouandKristyZhang.A.No,theydidntB.Yes,theydidC.No,theydidD.Yes,theydidnt4.Doyouhopetogo_?A.warmsomewhereB.anywherewarmC.warmanywhereD.somewherewarm5.-_terribleweatheritis!-Theradiosaysthatitllget_laterintheday.A.Whata;badB.What;worseC.How;badD.Howa;worse,2008中考单项选择试题模拟举例,现在很流行哦！,例1-Whatahotday!Haveyouhadadrink?-Yes.ButIdliketohave_afterwork.A.itB.oneC.otherD.another例2-Nancy,howlongdoesittaketoflytoCanada?-Sorry,Idontknow.ButIcantelephonemyfatherto_itforyou.A.doB.checkC.catchD.find例3-Ihitatreeonthewaytomeetmyfriendattherailwaystation.-Isupposeyou_toofast.A.driveB.aredrivingB.droveD.weredriving例4-MyGod!Imnearlylostinthiscity.-Yeah.Thecity_alot.A.changedB.haschangedC.ischangingD.willchange,完形填空,(1)“完形填空”试题的命制，基本上遵循“突出语篇，强调应用，注重实际”的设计思路。考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况，即要求考生通读短文，掌握文章大意，综合运用所学的词汇、语法等知识，从试题所提供的词汇、短语中判断出使短文意思通顺、结构完整的词汇或短语。,（2）完形填空试题设空与选项的特点选材时代感强、思想健康，首句不设空，在布空方面以实词为主，动词、名词为核心，形容词副词铺垫，充分体现了语言知识运用的特征。,试题特点：情景推理多，语法选项少,完形填空试题要求考生根据文章的整体内容、层次结构和内容逻辑关系去选择符合文章情节的答案，这就决定了试题考查必须以情景意义选择为主。这种试题的特点是：孤立地看对应挖空的句子，四个备选答案都能满足句子的要求，无论将哪个答案填进去，从词法上说都是正确的。要确定试题的正确答案，只能根据全文的内容和情节的发展，使所选答案满足为文章中心内容服务的需要。当然，有个别备选答案要依据语法知识去判断选择。近年中考英语完形填空试题中，完全根据语法知识进行选择的很少。有的小题，既考查语法知识，也考查意义选择，我们称其为“语法加意义”选择；无需语法知识，只根据文章内容确定答案，称为“情景意义”选择。目前，后者几乎已经覆盖了完形填空的全部试题。,三、完形填空试题的三个难度等级,一：词组层次。需要填的词，和它前或后的词有固定的搭配关系，只要看空缺前或后的词便能决定该填什么。例如：_secondmonthisFebruary,husbandand_,the,wife,当然这是最简单的啦！,三、完形填空试题的三个难度等级,S：句子层次。空缺需要填什么词，本句之内就可以决定，不用超出句子的范围。如：What_hedolastSunday?Canyoutellme_Tomcomesfrom?,did,where,这个也难不倒你们。,三、完形填空试题的三个难度等级,D：语篇层次。空缺需要填什么，光看本句不成，要超出句子在语篇层次上考虑才能决定。例如：Manisthecleverestanimalonearth.Hecantravelinouterspaceandlandhimselfonthemoon.Butinhiswaragainsthisenemytheratinhishome,heseemsalwaystobethe_.A.winnerB.loserC.heroD.coward(懦夫)。这里的空缺该填什么，仅仅看本句难以决定。要超出句子从语篇语境的层次去考虑，才可以决定空缺应填B。,知道这个厉害了吧，哼！,_arehelpfultostudents._arehelpfultostudents.Theygivethemknowledge._arehelpfultostudents.Inclasstheyteachthemknowledgeandafterclasstheycareforthemlikeparents._arehelpfultostudents.Theykeepthemhealthy.,Guessingthemissingwords,Justhaveatry,Modal:Itwasrainingheavilyoutside,soIhadtotakean_withme.,umbrella,1.Hehasabadcold,thedoctoraskshimto_morehotwater.,2.MrWhiteisateacher,he_mathatschool.,3.Theyreverytired_happyatlast.,4.Iboughtawatchyesterday,_wasveryuseful.,5.Itmustbevery_togointothecage,becausethereremanytigersinit.,drink,teaches,but,it,dangerous,_,_,_,_,_,_,（二）实例分析,1.考查英语固定搭配、习惯用语的运用。此时，考生不需对句意有太多的理解，一眼就能锁定答案。如：She38_theradioandsangsongswhileshewasdriving.(2003江西省中考卷)38.A.turnedonB.turnedoverC.turnedoffD.turneddownHe43(killedthreepeople)atAtlantacourthouseonMarch11.Thepolicewere44him.(2005江西省中考卷)44.A.waitingforB.thinkingofC.lookingatD.searchingfor,（二）实例分析,2.考查对文段语境的理解能力。考生必须通过语境作出判断，一般要看懂一两句话作情景铺垫。例如：Hiscoughingstoppedmythinking.Whatwaslefttosay?HowcouldIsay53tothepersonwhotaughtmeeverything?(2004江西省中考卷)53.A.goodbyeB.helloC.yesD.sorryThenextmorningI54(wokeup),lookedatmyalarmclock,andrealizedhehadleft55ago.Weneverevensaidgoodbye.(2004江西省中考卷)55.A.minutesB.hoursC.daysD.weeks,（二）实例分析,3考查对文章内容进行逻辑分析、推理判断的能力。要求考生能理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义。例如：Itwasalmost9:00p.m.whenMiaJansonleftherofficetogohome.Itwas36.Shestartedhercarandshe37（drove）downthedarkroadthatledtoherhouseinthecountry.She38(turnedon)_theradioandsangsongswhileshewasdriving.Theheaterwasntworking,(2003江西省中考卷)36.A.rainingB.coolC.snowingD.lateThelatestattractionisabig51tunnel(隧道)youcanthrough.Allaroundyou,youwillseefishswimmingsometimesevenoveryourhead.(2007江西省中考卷)A.metalB.woodC.glassD.stone,2008中考完形填空模拟举例,选择考点应侧重从语言的意义考虑，而不能一味地考查语法形式或句子结构。,选择考点应侧重从语言的意义考虑，而不能一味地考查语法形式或句子结构。例如：DearDad,Imwritingtoyoubecauseitstoodifficulttotalkaboutit.Icantstopthinkingaboutmyuncleandhowhe_31_.Infact,Iseriouslywanttoaskyou32smoking.IvelookedupalotofinformationaboutsmokingandI33outsomedisturbingthings.Youalreadyknowthat34isbadforyoubreathingandcancausecancer.Ivelearntthatitcausesmanyotherillness35.Didyouknowthatover100,000peoplediefromsmokingeveryyearinBritain?Its36causeofdeathintheworld.Idontwantyoutobeoneofthosepeople.31.A.diesB.deathC.diedD.dying32.A.tostopB.stopC.stoppedD.stopping33.A.findB.foundedC.foundD.havefound34.A.smokeB.smokingC.smokedD.smokes35.A.tooB.alsoC.eitherD.aswell36.A.thetwobigB.secondbiggestC.thesecondbiggestD.thesecondbig,C,A,D,B,A,C,Happinessisforeveryone.Youdontneedtocareaboutthosewhoarevery1.Why?Becausethosewhohavebighousesmayoftenfeel2andthosewhohavecarswantto3oncountryroadsintheirfreetime.Infact,happinessisalways4you.Whenyouare5,yourfriendswillhelpyou;whenyoustudyhardatyourlessons,your6arealwaystakinggoodcareofyourlifeandyour7;Alltheseareyourhappiness.Whenyouare8,youcanalsosayyouareveryhappy,becauseyouhavesomethingelsethat9cantbuy.Whenyoumeetwith10,sayloudlythatyouarehappy,becauseyouhavemorechancestochallengeyourself.Takeeverychanceyouget,andyoucanbeahappyandluckyperson.（）1.A.poorB.richC.niceD.bad（）2.A.seriousB.unknownC.strangeD.lonely（）3.A.walkB.workC.knockD.talk（）4.A.forB.toC.aroundD.about（）5.A.inpublicB.introubleC.athomeD.atbreak（）6.A.expertsB.journalistsC.parentsD.inspectors（）7.A.healthyB.healthC.beautyD.beautiful（）8.A.poorB.tallC.shortD.angry（）9.A.performanceB.confidenceC.wordD.money（)10.A.thievesB.animalsC.problemsD.signs,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,Trafficaccidentskilledmorethan104,000peopleinChinalastyear.Chinesecitieshave1carsthanbefore.Everydaymanypeoplea