九种常见时态!高中必备.doc

一般过去时 V+ed 一般将来时 Be going to + V / Will + V 过去将来时 Be的过去时 going to +V/ Would +V 现在进行时 Be +doing 过去进行时 was/were doing/ was /were not doing 将来进行时 Will +be+doing/ will not be doing 现在完成时 have +done/ have not done 过去完成时 Had+done/ had not done 现在完成进行时 have/has been doing/ have has not been doing 过去完成进行时 had been doing/ had not been doing动词时态:时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动词发生的时间和所处的状态.最常用的有十种时态: 一、一般现在时1、表示经常性的动作（常与always, often, never, every day等频度状语连用）；说话时人和事物的特性或状态；客观真理等.这个老人每天6点起床The old man gets up at 6 oclock every day.2、在时间和条件状语从句中表示一般将来时.如果下雨的话排球赛将被推迟The volleyball match will be put off if it rains.3、表示计划或安排中的将来动作，通常为go, come, start, leave, stay, return, begin, be等动词.-今天有会议吗？-有。下午1：30开始-Is there any meeting today?-Yes. It begins at 1:30 in the afternoon.二、一般过去时 （V+ed ）1、表示过去所发生的事情或状态：拜伦死于希腊。Byron died in Greece.2、表示过去的习惯10年前他抽烟抽的很凶。He smoked a lot ten years ago.3、在时间和条件状语从句中代替过去将来时表示“过去将来”的动作或状态：她决定一直到死都要戴着王冠She made up her mind that she would wear the crown until she died.4、在间接引语中可表示”现在“的情况：你怎么知道我是马克斯？How did you know that I am/ was Max?三、一般将来时（Be going to + V / Will + V）表示相对于现在或说话时间将要发生的动作或状态。第一人称用Shall+动词原形，其他人称用will我将非常乐意来与你的妻子见面。I shall be delighted to come and meet your wife.明天将要下雨It will rain tomorrow.“be going to+动词原形”也常用来表示“最近将来”的情况或按计划、安排将要发生的情况。明天将要下雨。It is going to rain.注*疑问句”Shall I / we?”表示征询意见： 我们现在去好吗？Shall we go now?*if引导的条件从句一般不用将来时，但可以说”If you will”表示一种请求或对方的愿望.你要是不吵不闹的话，我就把所发生的事情告诉你。If you will be quiet, Ill tell you what happened.四、过去将来时（Be的过去时 going to +V/ Would +V ）表示相对于过去某一时间将要发生的动作或状态，常见于宾语从句。医生对你说我将不久于人世，是吧？The doctor told you that I would die soon, didnt he?五、现在进行时（Be +doing）1、表示说话时正在进行的动作或发生的情况，他现在在做什么？What is he doing now?2、表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的情况今天，许多曾被污染的河流正变得越来越清澈。Today, many rivers that were polluted are getting cleaner and cleaner3、表示按计划将要发生的动作或情况，通常只限于go, come, leave, arrive等少数动词。我下个月去伦敦I am going to Lundon next month.注*表示情感或心理状态等状态动词一般不能用于进行时。这类词常见的有agree, appear, be, believe, belong, see, feel, Forget, have, hear, know, like, love, notice, mind, realize, Remember, seem, think, wish, want等。但是，当它们表示其它意义时则可以用进行时。We are thinking about moving to the South.*“be+being+动态形容词“表示主语”一时性“（而非永久性或固有的）特征或行为。All the boys there are being quiet. I wonder what they are up to那边的男孩子都静静的，不知道他们在干什么*现在进行时与always等词连用时带有一定的感情色彩，多表示令人不愉快的事情。You must not always be talking so much in class.六、过去进行时(was/were doing/ was /were not doing)1、表示过去某一时间或某一阶段正在进行的动作。当时无线电刚刚发明，人们都在谈论用电来传送图象。Radios had just been invented then, and people were talking about sending pictures by electricity.2、与when从句连用，表示“一动作正在进行时突然发生”Mary 在做衣服时割伤了手。Mary was making a dress when she cut her finger.七、将来进行时 (Will +be+doing/ will not be doing )1、表示将来某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作星期五的这个时候，我将乘飞机正飞往巴黎。This time on Friday I shall be flying to Paris.2、有时也可表示预料不久将要发生的动作，似乎比一般将来时显得客气。“电影院不久将上演一部新剧，”我说，“你去看吗？”“A new play is coming to the cinema Soon,” I said, “Will you be seeing it?八、现在完成时 (have +done/ have not done)1、表示发生在过去但对现在有影响的动作。你听说过林则徐的故事吗？Have you heard about the story of Lin Zexu?2、表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在（可能还会继续下去）的动作，常用于延续性动词，多带有延续性时间状语，如: since, for three weeks, so far, In recent years等。这座房子已闲置好多年。The house has been empty for many years.3、表示将来，用于时间、条件等从句中。我一完成工作就和你一起去。Ill go with you as soon as I have finished my work.4、hope, expect, think, intend, mean(打算), suppose, want这些动词的过去完成时表示过去的希望、预期、意图、愿望等没有实现。我们原本希望你能来看我们。We had expected that you would be able to visit us.5、同现在完成时一样，过去完成时与延续性时间状语连用时，动词通常应是延续性动词。当Jack到时他知道了Mary已经离开1个小时了。When Jack arrived he learned Mary had been away for