2017届上海市杨浦区高三英语三模.doc

杨浦区 2016 学年度第二学期高三模拟测试英语学科试卷2017.5第 I 卷 （共 100 分）II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section AIn CCTVs annual consumer-protection show earlier this month, the international sportswear giant Nike was accused of false advertising. Commercials (21)_ (promote) the Hyperdunk basketball shoes claimed the product is equipped with high-tech air cushions. The CCTV program, however, revealed that the product didnt come with the feature. Consumers were apparently misled.This is, in fact, not the first time Nike (22)_ (catch) cheating Chinese consumers. Back in2011, consumers complained that that years Hyperdunk sneakers didnt have the (23)_(advertise) air cushions in them, either. Such wrongdoings might not mark the end of Nike (24)_ a respectable and reliable brand among loyal shoppers, but Nike needs to realize that (25)_ one day consumers trust in it vanishes（消失）, so will its sales. By then, it will be impossible for the brand to restore its reputation.China is an important base for Nike (26)_ it accounts for about ten percent of the companys market. Over the past three decades, numerous NBA greats, from Michael Jordan to LeBron James, have been shown wearing Nikes gear, proving its quality.Placing misleading advertisements once again has dampened some consumers trust in Nike. Fortunately, Nike issued a timely apology last week, offering a 4500-yuan refund, (27)_ is three times the cost of the shoes. These gestures show that the company has somewhat realized its mistake and wants to re-establish consumers trust in it.Sportswear companies often push the truth of their products by having famous athletes wearing them. If Usain Bolt is seen in a commercial (28)_ (dash) with Nike, it might be implied that the shoes (29)_ enable you to run faster. However, there are limits to (30)_ can be said to promote a product. With lying comes distrust, and with distrust comes collapse. Thats why Nike, and any other company, needs to be more careful with advertising in the future.Section BA. changingB. availableC. exposureD. worsenE. sensitiveF. densityG. restH. shadedI. reflectionsJ. interruptedK. fightingAre your eyes dry, watery, seeing double or _31_ to light, and do your back and neck ache? If so, you are likely one of many people today who suffer from digital eyestrain （视疲劳）, also called computer-vision syndrome.Eyestrain is often related to the amount of _32_ to screens, the distance from eyes to screens and the use of multiple screens at the same time. However, studies have also shown that the blue light produced by digital devices reaches further into the eyes than other kinds of light. This light actually assists attention during the day but can result in _33_ sleep patterns at night.Scientists have stated that eyestrain is not a necessary evil, even in a modern world that circles around technology. Sometimes _34_ some simple details about your relative position to screens, such as staying1about 60 centimeters away, will help. Also, avoid overhead and other direct sources of light, and use _35_ lamps and window blinds while looking at digital devices instead.Beyond the ways that you relate to digital screens, there are also ways to change how you view screens that are helpful in _36_ eyestrain. To begin with, your computer screen should be high-resolution （高分辨率）, and may require a screen filter to decrease _37_. Also, be aware that computer glasses, which cut down glare（刺眼的光）and blue light, are _38_ on the market.Finally, many of us fall into bad habits while using digital screens that only _39_ the effects of eyestrain. When viewing digital screens, many people blink（眨眼）one third less often than they usually do. Place a reminder on your computer to blink! so that your eyes dont dry out. Also, _40_ your eyes focusing muscles by using the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, focus on something 20 feet away for 20 seconds.There are many other methods used to help relieve eyestrain, so find what works for you rather than giving in to tired vision.III. Reading Comprehension Section AUniversity educators largely think highly of the wonders of teaching through technology. However, critics _41_ whether something is lost when professors and lectures rely too heavily on electronic media or when _42_ with students takes place remotely in cyberspace（网络空间）_43_ the real space of the classroom. Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht, the Professor of Literature at Stanford University, is one such critic. I think this enthusiastic and sometimes childish and _44_ pushing toward the more technology the better, the more websites the better teacher, is very dangerous is indeed _45_, he indicates.However, Gumbrecht warns that there are few studies either supporting or rejecting the hypothesis (假设) that traditional ways of teaching are _46_ to teaching via the Internet. He says that he could point only to his feeling that real classroom presence should be _47_, and emphasizes the need for educator to examine critically where technology _48_ a useful teaching function and where it does not.Yet, Gumbrecht allows that, for courses in which knowledge transmission is the only purpose, electronic media probably can do the job well enough. Indeed, as a resultof 20th centurys knowledge _49_ and the increasing costs of higher education, using technology for the transmission of information is probably _50_, he admits. However, knowledge transmission should not be the most important function of the university, he maintains, _51_ that universities should be places where people face open questions, places for intellectual complexity and riskful thinking.We are not about finding or transmitting solutions; we are not about recipes; we are not about making intellectual life easy. Challenging complexity is what _52_ your mind. It is something like intellectual gymnastics. And this is what makes you a suitable member of the society. Moreover, discussions in the physical presence of others can lead to the intellectual _53_. Theres a(an) _54_ change, and you dont know how it happens. Discussions in the physical presence have the capacity of being the catalyst (催化剂) for such intellectual breakthroughs. The possibility of in-classroom teaching of letting something happen which cannot happen if you teach by the transmission of information is its _55_.41.A. denyB. questionC. objectD. comment42.A. combinationB. cooperationC. presentationD. interaction43.A. more thanB. less thanC. rather thanD. other than44.A. blindB. toughC. passiveD. rough45.A. impersonalB. disastrousC. illogicalD. immoral46.A. superiorB. relatedC. opposedD. equal247.A. approvedB. reformedC. maintainedD. removed48.A. servesB. conveysC. deliversD. identifies49.A. evaluationB. evolutionC. emissionD. explosion50.A. affordableB. flexibleC. inevitableD. predictable51.A. confirmingB. urgingC. complainingD. noting52.A. expandsB. limitsC. comfortsD. awakes53.A. declineB. innovationC. consequenceD. formation54.A. qualitativeB. irregularC. protectiveD. minor55.A. criticismB. strengthC. demonstrationD. involvementSection B(A)Talking to human-like devices can be great funjust ask Siri to tell you a joke. But it may also lead to problems.A recent study by scientists from the University of Kansas in the US found that human-like devices keep people from seeking out normal human interaction when they feel lonely.During a series of experiments, participants were asked to write about a time when they felt lonely. They also took part in an online game of catch against a computer program that was designed to throw the ball to other players more often, but participants believed they were playing with real people online.Participants were then introduced to human-like products, including a vacuum cleaner（真空吸尘器） designed to appear as if it were smiling. They were also asked to think about their phone in human-like terms, considering questions like how much does it help you?The results showed that the participants were happy with the comfort they got from the machines and didnt need to seek out normal human interaction.Generally, when people feel socially excluded, they seek out other ways to reduce the feeling of loneliness. Normal ways include increasing their number of social media friends or engaging in behaviors to seek out interaction with other people, according to Jenny Olson, assistant professor of marketing at KU.But it wasnt all bad news, as the team found that there were limits to how far this effect would extend.As soon as we tell people we know that it looks like the vacuum cleaner is smiling, they seemed to realize it was a machine and not a person, Olson told Daily Mail. The effect goes away. This seems to be happening on a very subconscious level.Researchers believe the results are important for consumers to realize how these types of products could affect their social interaction with real people, especially because so many new products feature interactivity.If someone notices they are talking more to Siri lately, maybe that has something to do with feeling lonely, Olson said. From that standpoint, its important to be aware of it.The study could also help companies design products that can increase the well-being of people who feel lonely, without sacrificing normal social interaction.Maybe it is more about improving our current relationships, Olson said, such as taking a break from screen time and focusing on developing your real personal connections.56. Researchers from the University of Kansas found that _.A. human-like devices may help people interact with othersB. interactions with human-like devices may make people feel lonelyC. lonely people may easily become addicted to human-like devicesD. human-like devices may reduce peoples social interaction in real life357. During the experiments, participants _.A. were allowed to talk with human-like devicesB. were shown devices with human featuresC. played online games with both machines and real peopleD. were encouraged to engage in normal human interaction58. The underlined phrase this effect in Paragraph 7 refers to the fact that _.A. lonely people are more likely to seek out interaction with other peopleB. lonely people are content to interact with human-like machinesC. the feeling of loneliness deepens as people interact with human-like devicesD. people who are socially excluded will have difficulty in socializing59. One of the significances of the study is that it _.A. shows people why human-like products make them feel lonelyB. warns people to abandon human-like devices completelyC. forces lonely people to get involved in normal social interactionD. helps companies realize the limitation of human-like devices(B)Hair Loss (Alopecia)Information about male pattern baldness（秃顶）causes, triggers and treatment in the UKIn contrary to popular belief, hair loss or alopecia can start at any age. Whilst it is associated with mature males, and statistics show it does mainly affect men above 40, the reality is you can notice symptoms in your 30s, or even 20s and teen years. The NHS statistics state that 25% of men start losing their hair by the time they reach 30. The most common form of hair loss is male pattern baldness also known as androgenic alopecia that affects more than half of men around the world.One option many men seek is treatment to avoid further hair loss, especially early on in the process. With treatments, such as Propecia, that specifically target male pattern baldness, it is possible to stop hair loss completely and even encourage fresh new hair growth.“Hair loss doesnt have to be an inevitable part of the ageing process for men, especially with the help of prescription treatments.”Dr Hilary JonesOnlineClinic Medical AdvisorWhats on this page?What is alopecia?Treating hair lossHair loss causesPreventing hair lossHair loss symptomsBuying treatmentDid you know?We have treated over1,185,751 patientssince opening in 2004.And this is what they thinkOutstanding1,135 patients have written a review on FeefoAre you one of them?login to reorderPropeciaFree delivery next working dayOnline prescription No doctor visit 4.8/5(5 Reviews)1mglThe most effective hair loss treatment available lStops further hair loss in 99% of cases lPromotes hair growth in two thirds of cases 28TABLETS84TABLETSMore Info74.95162.9560. Which of the following statements is FALSE about Propecia? A. It can stop hair loss almost in all cases.B. People can buy it online without doctor visit. C. It encourages new hair growth in rare cases.D. It is especially effective on male pattern baldness.61. We can learn from the passage that alopecia is _. A. an inevitable part of aging processB. more common among mature males C. unnoticeable before 40 years oldD. mostly influenced by external factors62. The next part of the webpage is most likely to be about _.A. hair loss causesB. hair loss symptomsC. preventing hair lossD. treating hair loss(C)A study, by San Diego Zoo Global conservationists, released this week (Sept. 12, 2016) is casting new light on how scientists evaluate polar bear diet and weight loss during their fasting（禁食）season. On average, a polar bear loses up to 30 percent of its total body mass（体重）while fasting during the open-water season. Although some scientists previously believed land-based foods could supplement（补充） the bears nutritional needs until the sea ice returns, a new study published in the scientific journal Physiological and Biochemical Zoology has revealed that access to land-based food is not sufficient toreduce the rate of body mass loss for fasting polar bears.The study-undertaken by Manitoba Sustainable Development, the University of Alberta, and Environment and Climate Change Canada-weighed polar bears that were captured in the Polar Bear Holding Facility in Churchill, Manitoba, Canada from 2009 to 2014. Polar bears were kept in this facility as part of the Polar Bear Alert Program, which aims to reduce conflict between humans and polar bears around the town of Churchill. Polar bears are not fed while in the facility, which allowed for a controlled measure of their weight loss. On average, polar bears lost 2.2 pounds (1 kilogram) of mass per day-exactly the same amount as free-ranging（自由放养的）bears measured during the ice-free season on the coastline of Hudson Bay. Scientists reported that even with land-based food opportunities, polar bears lost the same amount of weight.Some studies have suggested that polar bears could adapt to land-based foods to offset the missing calories during a shortened hunting period on the ice, said Nicholas Pilfold, Ph. D., lead author of the study and a postdoctoral associate in Applied Animal Ecology at San Diego Zoo Global. Yet, our results prove otherwise this, as unfed polar bears in our study lost mass at the same rate as free-ranging bears that had access to land-based food.5Anagen effluvium (most commonly caused by cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy)What is alopecia?Alopecia is the medical term for hair loss. Most commonly affecting males, hair loss in men is caused by an increased sensitivity to the male sex hormones (androgens). The type of alopecia you have (as well as hereditary and external factors) can influence levels of hair loss. The most common type of hair loss (alopecia) is male and female pattern baldness. Other types include:l Alopecia areata (patches of baldness, usually on the scalp)lScarring alopecia (hair loss directly affecting the hair follicles) lTelogen effluvium (hair thinning over a larger area on the top of the head, rather than bald patches) lResearchers also estimated starvation timelines for adult males and subadults, and found that subadults were more likely to starve before their adult counterparts. Subadult polar bears have lower fat stores, and the added energy demands associated with growth, said Pilfold, Future reductions to on-ice hunting opportunities due to sea ice loss will affect the younger polar bears first-especially given that these bears are less-experienced hunters.63. What is the finding of this newly-released study?A. Wild polar bears are facing the danger of starvation and extinction.B. Land-based food cant meet the nutritional needs of wild polar bears.C. Wild polar bears can avoid weight loos in a properly designed facility.D. Traditional ways to measure polar bear diet and weight loos are not accurate.64. Which of the following is TRUE about the study?A. It was actually part of the Polar Bear Alert Program.B. It aimed to prevent the polar wildlife from extinction.C. It compared the weight loss between unfed and free-ranging polar bears.D. It measured the weight of polar bears during on-ice hunting seasons.65. The underlined word offset in the fourth paragraph means _.A. take overB. take upC. make intoD. make up for66.The reasons why subadults are more likely to s