2020版高考英语新探究大一轮复习Unit16Stories知能演练轻松闯关含2019届新题含解析北师大版.doc

教学资料范本2020版高考英语新探究大一轮复习Unit16Stories知能演练轻松闯关含2019届新题含解析北师大版编 辑：_时 间：_Unit 16 Stories课时练1阅读理解提速练学生用书P308(单独成册) 阅读理解A(20xx济南针对性训练)Nathan, a freshman student at San Marino High School in California, US., doesnt like doing housework any more than anybody else. But he said doing it made him wonder why hot water worked better than cold water when washing up after dinner, and what made soap a good cleaner. The experiments he designed to figure out these things earned him the top prize at the MASTERS stands for Math, Applied Science, Technology and Engineering for Rising Stars. Every year, the event brings together 30 middle school students from around the country to share their science projects. “At first, I thought that my ideas were naive，” the teenager told Student Science. “But when I was presented with this special award, it proved that young inventors can actually deal with realworld problems.” Inspired by reports of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, he connected washing dishes to cleaning oil spills. “I decided that I wanted to find a method for cleaning thats both efficient and environmentally friendly，” Nathan told Student Science. So he created his own setup for measuring surface tensiona scientific term that refers to the tension of a layer of liquid. He ended up learning why soap and hot water are better for cleaning, and a way to remove oil from water. “Science and math help you understand the world around you. You can learn it from books and teachers, but you can also discover it yourself by doing science projects.” He even plans to sell his setup to schools, so other teens can do his experiment and learn his theory.When asked his secret to success, he said to keep a science fair project simple at first. “Break down the problem into smaller, manageable steps, so in that way, you will be able to know what you are doing and build on your knowledge gradually.” 【解题导语】本文主要介绍了一个美国高中生的创造发明获得MASTERS奖的故事。1What do we know about Nathan?AHe enjoys doing housework.BHe wants to clean up oil spills.CHe figured out how cleaning worked.DHe won many prizes for his fancy ideas.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“But he said doing it made him wonder why hot water worked better than cold water when washing up after dinner, and what made soap a good cleaner.”和第四段最后一句“He ended up learning why soap and hot water are better for cleaning，and a way to remove oil from water.”可知，Nathan弄明白了清洗的原理，故选C。2What can best describe Nathan?AGenerous and wealthy.BCurious and creative.CLazy but talented.DPolite but shy.B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“But he said doing it made him wonder why hot water worked better than cold water when washing up after dinner, and what made soap a good cleaner.”可推知，Nathan富有好奇心，结合第四段可推知，Nathan比较有创造性，故选B。3What is Nathans secret to success?ADoing things step by step.BDoing science projects alone.CWorking hard at math problems.DLearning about the world from books.A解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Break down the problem into smaller, manageable steps, so in that way, you will be able to know what you are doing and build on your knowledge gradually.”可推知，Nathan成功的秘诀就在于做事循序渐进，逐个突破，故选A。Bit will always follow you wherever you go. But if you decide to be strong, the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise.In an accident，a boy lost both his arms and his father who was the main source of support for the family. Since then, he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother. For the sake of taking care of him, As the two brothers grew up together, they had their share of problems and they would often quarrel. Then one day, his younger brother wanted to leave, living his own life, as many normal people do. So he was heartbroken and didnt know what to do.A similar misfortune befell a girl, too. One night, her mother who suffered from chronic mental illness disappeared. Her father went out to look for her mother, leaving her alone at home. She tried to prepare meals for her parents, only to overturn the kerosene light on the stove, resulting in a fire which took her hands away. she learned to be selfreliant.One day, the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a television interview program. The boy told the TV host about his uncertain future at being left on his own, whereas the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life. They both were asked to write something on a piece of paper with their toes. The boy wrote: My younger brothers arms are my arms; while the girl wrote: Broken wings, flying heart.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过介绍两个不同的故事启迪我们积极勇敢地面对困难。4What attitude should we take towards a misfortune in the authors opinion?ATrying to find an escape from it.BFacing it bravely with a positive mind.CAsking for help from your relatives.DIgnoring it and living a normal life.B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“But if you decide to be strong, the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise.”可推知，面对困难我们应当积极勇敢地面对，故B项正确。5After the accident, the boy_Adecided to live with his brotherBlearnt to do things with his toesCmade a living all by himselfDdepended wholly on his brotherD解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Since then, he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother.”可知，失去双臂后，他就完全依靠他的弟弟，故D项正确。6Which of the following is TRUE of the girl?AShe lost her mother in an accident.BHer sister took good care of her.CShe was optimistic and full of courage.DShe led a poor life with her father.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句中的“the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life”，并结合第五段可知，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习；据此可知，女孩在事故后乐观而坚强，故C项正确。7What did the girl mean by “Broken wings, flying heart.”？ANever give up hopes in face of hardship.BIts not easy for her to live a normal life.CIf a bird loses its wings, it can not fly.DIf you lose your hands, your life will be hard.A解析：句意理解题。“Broken wings, flying heart.”为女孩用脚趾写的话，意为“失去双翼，心仍飞翔。”；结合最后一段第二句中的“the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life”和第五段可知，事故之后，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习，乐观坚强地面对生活；据此可知，该句是说“面对困难，永远不要放弃希望”，故A项正确。C(20xx贵阳检测)Nov.21 is World Hello Day.It began back in the 1970s as part of an effort to make the world more peaceful.It was created just after the war between Israel and Egypt in 1973.The philosophy(哲学) behind it is：Say “Hello” and stop war.It sounds like a fine idea, but most of us know that simply saying “Hello” wont bring about world peace.Still, on a smaller range, the simple act of saying “Hello” to someone can make a lot of difference.This might not be obvious.After all, its such a casual thing and requires so little effort.You raise your head to someone as you pass by them in the school corridor(走廊), say “Hello”， and then its over.Although we might not realize it, a small thing like a greeting can mean a lot to a person.Many people are lonely because they with people, even though they want to.It leads to them feeling cut off.On this basis, maybe its a good idea, not just on Nov.21, but every day, to remember to say “Hello” to as many people as we can.The stranger who hears your greeting may secretly smile in their heart.You might even make their day.Greeting other people is the easiest way to be polite.Politeness is the way we individual humans link up with the rest of the human world outside of our circles of family and friends.Politeness is one of the aspects of culture that make us a society rather than just many individuals living in the same space.No one said it better than the French author Joseph Joubert: “Politeness is the flower of humanity.” A “Hello” to a stranger is a small thing, and often neglected(忽视), but through it we can make the world better for another person.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界问候日的由来及意义的相关信息。8What is World Hello Day intended for?APhilosophy. BPeace.CPoliteness. DWar.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Nov. 21 is World Hello Day. It began back in the 1970s as part of an effort to make the world more peaceful.”可知，世界问候日设立的初衷是为了和平。9What has an effect on people most?ARaising heads to others.BDoing something casually.CMeeting in the school corridor.DThe simple act of saying “Hello”D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Still, on a smaller range, the simple act of saying Hello to someone can make a lot of difference.”可知，对别人影响最大的是打招呼这种简单的行为。10Why do some people feel lonely?CThey are very fond of living alone.DThey dont like doing things as others do.B解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Many people are lonely because theyre shy. cut off.”可知，一些人感到孤独的原因是他们太害羞了，不敢和别人交流。11What can we learn from the last paragraph?AWe should neglect a small thing.BSaying “Hello” to others is powerful.CThe flowers make the world better.DNo one is better than Joseph Joubert.B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A Hello to a stranger is a small thing, and often neglected(忽视), but through it we can make the world better for another person.”可知，向别人打招呼是有影响力的。D(20xx云南高三11校跨区调研)If our kids dont fall, they dont learn to get up. I still remember the day in high school that my mom forgot to pick me up from school. Im the oldest of four children, and no doubt shed had a long day with the other kids and itd slipped her mind.After waiting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home, and when I got to my house, I shut our front door with anger, stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my moms face that shed forgotten me.Later that night, my dad told me I no longer had a ride to school the next day. I figured my mom would still take me, but when the morning came, she refused.It was midterm, and as a straightA student ready to start college applications, being late wasnt an option. In my mind, missing these tests would have been the end of my academic career. I begged my mom. I told her she was ruining my future and everything Id worked for. But she held_her_ground,_and that day, I walked to school. And I missed my tests.My mom didnt rescue me from failure. She let me suffer from it. She let me figure it out. She let me learn. Now, as a mom myself, Ive realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves. Its how we selfeducate to learn whats right and respectable, and whats not. ItFalling down makes us better, because we learn how to get up.【解题导语】本文作者通过亲身体会告诉我们：失败让我们变得更好，因为我们在失败中学会成长。12Why did the author shout at her mother?ABecause she was tired after walking home.BBecause she missed some important tests.CBecause her mother had ruined her future.DBecause her mother didnt pick her up home.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“After waiting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home, and when I got to my house, I shut our front door with anger, stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my moms face that shed forgotten me.”可知，作者在学校等了一个小时，后来自己走回了家，因此她对妈妈没有去学校接她非常生气，故选D。13How does the author feel about her experience now?ADisappointed. BMerciful.CBeneficial. DEmbarrassed.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Now, as a mom myself, Ive realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves.”说明作者现在认为她之前的经历对她是有益的(Beneficial)。14What does the underlined phrase “held her ground” in Paragraph 2 mean?AStuck to her decision. BGave in to me.CSaid yes to me. DStayed in the place.A解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的“But she held_her_ground,_and that day, I walked to school.”中But的转折意味以及后面作者仍然走着去上学可知，妈妈仍坚持她的观点，没有送作者去上学。15What is the best title for the text?AOffer Your Kids Help If NecessaryBStop Rescuing Your Kids from FailureCBe Responsible for Your Kids FailureDTry to Meet Your Kids DemandsB解析：标题归纳题。根据第三段和第四段的叙述，尤其是第三段的“My mom didnt rescue me from failure.”及“I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves”可知，B项最适合作文章标题。 七选五(20xx合肥调研性检测)How to Set GoalsWhether you have small dreams or high expectations, setting goals allows you to plan how you want to move through life. Some achievements can take a lifetime to attain, _Determine your life goals. Ask yourself some important questions about what you want for your life. What do you want to achieve today, in a year, and in your lifetime? The answers to this question can be as general as “I want to be happy.” or “I want to help people.” 2._Set specific goals. Be specific and realistic about what it is that you want to achieve. Research shows that setting a specific goal makes you more likely to achieve it. 3._ For example, “Be healthier” is too big and vague to be a helpful goal. “I want to eat more vegetables, and I want to run a marathon.” is better.Write out your goals. Be detailed, be clear, and include your steps. 4._ Keep your list in a place where you can get informed frequently. This will help keep you motivated.5._ You may find yourself set in your ways concerning broad life goals, but AAdjust your goals.BTrack and measure your progress.CHaving deadlines will keep you motivated.DConsider what you hope to achieve in 10，15, or 20 years.EHere are some important ideas that you may find helpful.FWriting them down tendGRemember that you may need to break large goals into smaller goals.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了设定目标的四种方法。1E解析：根据空处所在位置可知，空处承上启下；结合下文各段的主题句可知，空处引出设定目标的有用方法，故E项符合语境。2D解析：根据该段的主题句“Determine your life goals.”可知，该段主要建议 “确定你的终身目标”；据此可知，该目标属于长期目标，故D项符合语境。3G解析：根据下文中的“For example, Be healthier is too big and vague to be a helpful goal. I want to eat more vegetables, and I want to run a marathon. is better.”可知，该处举例说明要把大目标分解成小目标，故G项符合语境。4F解析：根据该段的主题句“Write out your goals.”可知，要写下你的目标；据此可以判断，空处解释 “写下目标” 的原因，故F项符合语境。5A解析：根据空处所在位置可知，空处是该段的主题句；结合该段内容尤其是该段尾句“Allow yourself the flexibility to make some small changes to your goals.”可知，该段主要讲可以灵活地对你的目标做一些改变，故A项符合语境。课时练2知识运用板块练学生用书P311(单独成册) 完形填空(20xx成都第二次诊断性检测)Alex Yawor brings fallen heroes back to life by painting their final portraits. Almost every day for the past seven years, he has been _1_ portraits of servicemen and servicewomen who can never see the final _2_. He then frames, boxes, and ships the paintings to their _3_，free of charge.A World War veteran(老兵) himself, Alex fought in cruel battles. His postwar transition(转变) was _4_. Hoping to get his mind off the _5_，he finally chose to _6_ painting.The 93yearold uses his talent to paint the portraits of _7_ military heroes. He has _8_ 111 portraits based on photos _9_ sent him. His hands are not as _10_ as they used to be, so each painting takes about a week to finish.He began the _11_ in 20xx. To _12_ contact information of parents who might want portraits, he reached out to the veteran groups and the American Gold Star Mothers, an organization for mothers who _13_ their military sons and daughters. Its a(n) _14_ pastime for Alex. “I cry a lot while Im painting.” Parents often write Alex _15_ notes. One mother told him, after she _16_ the portraits in her sons old bedroom, she would walk in and it would feel as though he was still there. _17_ like that make the work feel like a _18_. “I believe certain people were put on this earth for a reason，” Alex says.For now, Alex would _19_ his brushes and finish up for the day. Once its dry, hell ship the portrait to another family. Or, as Alex says, “Send him(her) _20_” 【解题导语】本文主要讲述了Alex，一个二战老兵，为阵亡的英雄们免费画肖像的感人故事。1A.collecting BselectingCdelivering DcreatingD解析：根据上文中的“Alex Yawor brings fallen heroes back to life by painting their final portraits.”可推知，Alex在为那些人画肖像，这本身是一种创作活动，故选D。2A.purposes BdestinationsCproducts DsuccessesC解析：根据上文可知，那些人在战争中已经失去生命，再也没有机会看到他的最终成果了。product “某事物的结果”。Cstates DaddressesA解析：根据最后一段中的“Once its dry, hell ship the portrait to another family.”可知，Alex把画作送到那些阵亡英雄的家里。4A.successful BdifficultCsmooth DmeaninglessB解析：由上文的“cruel battles”可推知，二战老兵想从战争中摆脱出来并非易事。5A.confusion BlossChero DwarD解析：根据语境可推知，此处指Alex想在战后从战争(war)中摆脱出来。6A.go on Bgive upCtake up Dlive onC解析：根据语境可知，为了不再受战争的困扰，Alex选择了绘画。take up “开始从事”。7A.fallen BinserviceCimaginary DbraveA解析：根据第一段中的“Alex Yawor brings fallen heroes back to life by painting their final portraits.”可推知，Alex为那些阵亡的战士绘画。fallen “阵亡的”。Cintroduced DdonatedB解析：根据语境可知，9A.organizations BofficersCsoldiers DparentsD解析：根据下文 “Parents often write Alex _ notes. One mother told him, after she _ the portraits in her sons old bedroom, she would walk in and it would feel as though he was still there.”可推知，Alex是从那些战士的父母那里得到他们的照片，然后进行绘画创作的。10A.steady BsmartCconvenient DskillfulA解析：根据上文中的“The 93yearold uses his talent to paint the portraits of _ military heroes.”可推知，一个已经93岁的二战老兵创作起来并不能像以前那么稳定了，与下文中的“so each painting takes about a week to finish” 相呼应。steady “稳定的”。11A.movement BdreamCproject DprocessC解析：句意：他是从20xx年开始这个计划(project)的。12A.identify BfindCspread DcorrectB解析：根据语境可推知，此处指Alex为了找到(find)可能想要阵亡战士肖像的父母的联系信息。13A.mourned BlovedCmissed DlostD解析：由上文中的“fallen heroes”可推知，此处是指在战争中失去(lost)子女的母亲。14A.delightful BencouragingCemotional DregretfulC解析：根据下文的“I cry a lot while Im painting.”可知，这项休闲活动很容易激起Alex的感情。15A.hopeless BheartfeltCkindB解析：根据下文一个母亲告诉Alex的内容可推知，那些父母经常给Alex写一些真诚的便条。heartfelt “衷心的，真诚的”。16A.hung BreceivedCshowed DreservedA解析：根据常识可知，肖像一般是被挂(hung)在房间里的。17A.Feelings BAchievementsCReactions DPortraitsC解析：根据上文可知，此处指文中列举的这位母亲得到Alex所赠的画像的反应(Reactions)。18A.virtue BdesireCreward DcallingD解析：根据上文中的“One mother told him, after she _ the portraits in her sons old bedroom, she would walk in and it would feel as though he