Unit 6 Knowledge and Wisdomppt课件.ppt

KnowledgeandWisdom 1 BertrandRussell 1950年 罗素获得诺贝尔文学奖 已表彰其 多样且重要的作品 持续不断的追求人道主义理想和思想自由 In1950 RussellwasmadeaNobelLaureateinLiterature inrecognitionofhisvariedandsignificantwritingsinwhichhechampionshumanitarianidealsandfreedomofthought 2 BertrandRussell Threepassions simplebutoverwhelminglystrong havegovernedmylife theloningforlove thesearchforknowledge andunbearablepityforthesufferingofmankind 三种既简单又极为强烈的激情一直支配着我的一生 对爱的渴望 对知识的追求和对人类苦难不堪忍受的悲哀 BertrandRussell 3 ProverbsaboutKnowledgeandWisdom Knowledgespeaks butwisdomlistens Knowledgeinyouthiswisdominage Wisdomisonlyfoundintruth Wisdominthemindisbetterthanmoneyinthehand Wisdomismoretobeenviedthanriches Pre readingQuestion Howdoyoudefinewisdom knowledgeandtheirrelationshipinyourlife 4 KnowledgeandWisdom MarieStaniforth chap t p n 小伙子 男人 家伙nurseryrhyme poemorsongforyoungchildren儿歌 童谣daft d ft adj 愚笨的 癫狂的 狂闹的respectablea 可敬的 有身价的 5 Isaidknowledgeisknowingthatatomatoisafruit andwisdomisknowingnottoputitinafruitsalad 6 SpiritualWisdom SriChinmoy Whatdowemeanbytheword wisdom Usuallywemeansomethingsuperiortoknowledge somethingdeeper Inthespiritualworld theword wisdom isnotusedinthatway HerewisdommeansLight illuminingLight transformingLight Thatwhichilluminesourunlitconsciousnessiswisdom ThatwhichtransformsthefiniteconsciousnessintotheinfiniteConsciousnessiscalledwisdom 7 StructuralAnalysis Part1 Para1 introducethetopicPart2 Para2 5 themainbody4factorsthatconsititutewisdom 1 senseofproportion2 theendsofhumanlife3 open mindedness4 impartiality 8 WordAnalysis proportion TEM 4 comparativepartorshareofawhole fractioneg alarge oftheearth ssurfaceThe ofthepopulationstillspeakingthedialectisverysmall ofsthtosth relationofonethingtoanotherinquantity size etc ratioeg The ofimportstoexportsisworryingthegovernment the ofpassestofailuresinthefinalexam 9 WordAnalysis proportion TEM 4 correctoridealrelationinsize degree etcbetweenonethingandanotherorbetweenthepartsofawhole in outof eg thetwowindowsareinadmirable proportional correspondinginsize amountordegree tosth incorrect 10 WordAnalysis E CAfixed ofthefundisinvestedinBritishfirms Whatisthe ofmentowomeninthepopulation Trytodrawthefiguresintheforegroundin C E他的薪金与工作量成比例 但与花费的时间不成比例 Hispaymentisin to proportionaltothe amountof workdone butnotin to proportionaltothetimetakentoit 11 WordAnalysis end n aimorpurposegain win achieveone sends达到目的withthisendinview tothisend以此为目标 未达到此目的 saying theendjustifiesthemeans evenwrongorunfairmethodsmaybeallowediftheresultorpurposeoftheactionisgood 只要目的正当 可以不择手段 12 WordAnalysis impartial adj notfavoringonepersonorthingmorethananother fairorneutraleg an judge judgmentimpartiality n eg Theyshowedcomplete indiscussingthesesensitiveissues impartially adv treatprisoners 13 WordAnalysis partial TEM4 adj oforformingapart notcompleteeg a success a eclipseofsun towardssb sth showingtoomuchfavortoonepersonorside biasedeg Therefereewasaccusedofbeing sb sth havingastronglikingforsb stheg He s toaglassofbrandyafterdinner 14 TextAnalysis 15 Part1 Whatisthecommonlyacceptedintermsofknowledgeandwisdom Mostpeoplebelievethatknowledgeisnotequaltowisdomashistoryhassuggestedthattheacquisitionofknowledgedoesnotnecessarilyleadtotheincreaseofwisdom 16 LanguagePointsinPart1 surpass fml vt beevenbetterorgreaterthansb orsth else eg Asthesayinggoes thelatecomers theearlystarter expectations hopes dreamssurpassing a fml ofhighqualityordegree exceptionaleg beauty 17 LanguagePointsinPart1 surpassC E你今天特别行 我万万没想到风景那么漂亮 yourself expectation 18 LanguagePointsinPart1 cease vi tostopdoingsomething n Therainhasceased Withoutceasecease fireWonderswillnevercease Proverb 19 Part2 Para2 Skimandscanparagraph2andjudgethefollowingstatementtrue false Ithasbecomemoreandmoredifficultforscientistsandtechnicianstoobtainasenseofproportion 20 LanguagePointsinPara2 Takeaccountof takesomethingintoaccountHisexamresultswerenotverygood butwemust hislongillness 他的考试成绩不好 但是我们必须考虑到他曾经长期生病 21 LanguagePointsinPara2 Theteacherspromisedtotakeaccountofthewishesoftheparentsbeforemakinganychanges 教师们答应在做出变更之前要考虑家长的愿望 22 LanguagePointsinPara2 Attachto1 Tocausetobelongtoforalimitedperiod使参加 使属于DuringthewarIwasattachedtothenavalcollegeasaninstructor 23 LanguagePointsinPara2 战争期间我被分配到海军军事学院当教官 Igotlost soIattachedmyselftoanotherpartyoftourists 我由于迷了路 所以只好加入另一个旅行团 24 Whatdoes senseofproportion mean 25 Thewriterexplainswhat senseofproportion means theabilitytotakeaccountofalltheimportanfactorsinaproblemandtoattachtoeachitsdueweight Inotherwords itreferstotheabiliytojudgecorrectlywhatfacorsareofmoreimportanceandwhatareoflessimportance Inthearticle comprehesiveness isalsousedtorefertothisability 26 OftheseIshouldfirstputasenseofproportion thecapacitytotakeaccountofalltheimportantfactorsinaproblemandtoattachtoeachitsdueweight Explaintheunderlinedpartinyourownwordsplease 27 consider whenjudgingasituation takeintoconsideration givepropervaluetoeach attachadequateimportancetoeach 28 LanguagePointsinPara2 due a TEM4 作表语 tosb owedasadebtoranobligation forsth owedsth deservingsth todosth scheduled arranged expectedrequiringimmediatepayment 作定语 suitable right propereg after consideration 29 LanguagePointsinPara2 due a TEM4 E CSheis forpromotionsoon Havetheybeenpaidthemoney tothem Myrentisn tduetillWednesday Hisisbookis tobepublishedinOctober 30 LanguagePointsinPara2 dueto owingtoHewaslate theveryheavytraffic Accidents drivingathighspeedwereverycommonthatweekend therain thematchwascancelled 31 LanguagePointsinPara2 spectacular TEM4 adj syn magnificent brilliantmakingaveryfinedisplayorshoweg a displayoffireworks a waterfall scene sight view building attractingattentionbecause impressiveorextraordinaryeg success miracles sound 32 LanguagePointsinPara2 spectacular TEM4 n impressiveshow performance spectaclespectacle n granddisplay procession performanceeg TheceremonialopeningoftheAsianGameswasafine impressive remarkableorinterestingsighteg Thesunriseseenfromhighinthemountainswasatremendous idm makea ofoneself 33 LanguagePointsinPara2 disinterestedVSuninterestedComparethemeaningof interested Iamvery inlocalhistory Thelawyerinvitedthe partiestodiscusstheproblem disinterested uninterestedSheseemedcompletely inwhatIhadtotellheraboutmynewjob Infinancialmatters itisimportanttoget advice 34 Part2 Para3 Skimandscanparagraph2andjudgethefollowingstatementtrue false Historiansshouldbeimpartialandavoidbeingaffectedbytheirsentiment 35 Part2 Para3 RefertoPara3 HereHegal sexampletellsusthathistoriansshouldviewfactsthroughtherightmeansofpassionsaswellasawidescopeofknowledge 36 Part2 Para3 Accordingtothewriter howarefeelingsrelatedtowisdom theauthorgivesusanexampletoillustratethis 37 Part2 Para3 Ifoneharborsnarrowfeelings hisresearchandstudycouldbeharmfultothesociety Theresearchcouldbedoneintheinterestofasmallgroup theresultofhisstudycouldbebiased Soknowledgeableasheis heisnotawiseman 38 Part2 Para3 Toimplantwisdom oneisrequiredtomakeeffortstorestrainthenarrowpersonalfeelingsandhaveamoreextensivepassionforhumanlife Thisiswhywisdomconsistsnotonlyoftheabilityofjudgingwhatismostimportantbutalsoofanawarenessofthegoalsofhumanlife 39 LanguagePointsinPara3 constitute toformormakeup fml 不用于进行时eg The50statesthatconstitutetheUSA组成美国的50个州Yourattitudeconstitutesadirectchallengetomyauthority 你的态度成了对我权威的直接挑战 40 LanguagePointsinPara3 constitute toformallyestablishorappoint制定 设立eg Governmentshouldbeconstitutedbythewillofthepeople 政府应依人民的意志而设立 41 LanguagePointsinPara3 eminent TEM4 a famousandadmiredeg Eventhemosteminentdoctorscouldnotcurehim 甚至是最杰出的医生都治不好他的病 Heiseminentasasculptorandasaportraitpainter 他既是接触的雕刻家又是著名的肖像画家 42 LanguagePointsinPara3 eminent TEM4 a ofqualities remarkable outstandingeg amanof goodness 43 LanguagePointsinPara3 eminent distinguished outstandingOutstanding指 优秀 可指与周围事物截然不同的特征 Distinguished强调得到公认或礼遇的殊荣 Eminent语气最强烈 比较严肃 指一种固定的 受人尊敬的价值或品质 也指那些最受人尊崇的某一阶层人士 44 LanguagePointsinPara3 eminent distinguished outstandingHelosthiswaybecausetherewasno landmark The scientistrecentlywontheNobelPrize Hisismanof fairness 45 LanguagePointsinPara3 distort TEM4 v distortionn giveafalseordishonestaccountofeg Thegovernmentwereaccusedofhavingsystematicallydistortedtheprotesters case pullortwist sth outofitsusualshapeeg afacedistortedbypainMake sth lookunusualeg adistortingmirrorTheannouncementwassodistortedthatIcouldn tunderstandwhatwassaid 46 LanguagePointsinPara3 inculcate fml Fixtheideainthemindofsb 反复灌输 sth in intosb sbwithsthC Eeg Theyinculcatethewilltosucceedinalltheirchildren Theyinculcatealltheirchildrenwiththewilltosucceed 他们向子女反复灌输立志成功的决心 47 LanguagePointsinPara3 standard bearer anoutstandingleaderofapoliticalmovementeg Oneofthestandard bearersoftheanti nuclearmovement 反核运动的领导者之一 48 LanguagePointsinPara3 bynomeans innosense certainlynot并没有 绝不 eg Thisremarkbynomeansshouldbetakenlightly 这次讲话绝不能等闲视之 49 Part2 Para4 Skimandscanparagraph4andjudgethefollowingstatementtrue false Anationalistextremistisnotwise 50 Part2 Para4 RefertoPara4Anationalistextremistholdsanunjustifiedprejudiceagainstotherpeople whichsignifiesalackofwisdom 51 Part2 Para4 RefertoPara4Anationalistextremistholdsanunjustifiedprejudiceagainstotherpeople whichsignifiesalackofwisdom 52 LanguagepointsinPara4 emancipation TEM4 n emancipate v sb fromsth setsbfree espfrompolitical legalorsocialrestrictioneg slavesWomenarestillstrugglingtobefullyemancipated 53 LanguagepointsinPara4 attain togainorachieveafterlongeffort达到 获得Sheattainedrankofdeputydirector 她晋升为副局长 attainone sobjective goal ambitionattainable 54 LanguagepointsinPara4 attainment n successinreachingTheattainmentofherambitionswasstilladream thingattained espskillorknowledgeascholarofthehighestattainments 55 Evenanendwhichitwouldbenobletopursueifitwereattainablemaybepursuedunwiselyifitisinherentlyimpossibleofachievement Explainthesentenceinyourownwordsplease 56 Itwouldbeunwisetopursueagoalthatisboundtofailthoughitmightbenobletodoso attainable cacapableofbeingattainedoraccomplished chooseanattainablegoal inherent inthenatureofsomethingthoughnotreadilyapparent 57 LanguagepointsinPara4 elixir n asubstancebelievedtocureallillsE Ceg Don timaginethatlowinginflationisanelixirforalloureconomicills 不要以为减少通货膨胀率就是医治我们所有的经济弊端的灵丹妙药 58 LanguagepointsinPara4 confer 1 withsbon aboutsthhavediscussion espinordertoexchangeopinionsorgetadvice C Eeg Sheconferwithheradvisersaboutbothprivateandbusinessissuesbeforeannouncingadecision 她先去请教顾问然后再来宣布私人问题或生意问题方面的决定 59 LanguagepointsinPara4 confer 2 sthonsbtoofficiallygivesb atitle honor favor etc especiallyasarewardforsomethingtheyhaveachieved granteg AnhonorarydegreewasconferredonhimbytheUniversity 60 Nodoubt iftheycouldhavefoundthem theywouldhaveconferredgreatbenefitsuponmankind butasitwastheirliveswerewasted Explaintheunderlinedpartplease 61 Certainly Veryprobablybroughtagoodandhelpfuleffecttomankind inreality inactualsituation 62 asitwasVS asitisVS asitwereIthoughtthingswouldgetbetter butasitis theyaregettingworse Weexpectedtoarriveat6 30p m butasitwas wearrivedat6 40p m Hebecomes asitwere amanwithoutacountry 63 asitwere表示 asitusedtobe 在任何情况下 比如句子前半部分无论主语是单数是负数或者无论时态怎么样 此处一律写成asitwereeg Theresponsibilityofprotectingtheenvironmentis asitwere witheverybody Theguestssittingonthattablewere asitwere Mr andMrs Smiths 64 Todescendtolessheroicmatters considerthecaseoftwomen Mr AandMr B whohateeachotherand throughmatualhatred bringeachothertodestruction Explaintheunderlinedpartplease 65 talk disapprovingly aboutsomethinglessworthyorlessimportant destroyorruineachotherheroic veryimposingorimpressive surpassingtheordinary especiallyinsizeorscale 66 descend TEM4 1 fml movedownwardorlowereg Theballoondescendedgraduallyastheaircameout 2 fml ofnight darkness falleg Nightdescendsquicklyinwinter descendto doorsaysththatismeanandunworthy 67 Vice TEM4 badnessofcharacter 性格上的 缺陷 弱点 邪恶 Wouldyoulikeawhisky No thanks alcoholisn toneofmyvices 我没贪杯这个习惯SevendeadlysinsVSSevenHolyVirtues 68 instill toteachsb tothink behave orfeelinaparticularwayoveraperiodoftime逐渐灌输 逐步培养eg instillconfidence fear disciplineetcintosb 69 C EAmanager sjobistoinstilldeterminationintohisplayers 经理人的工作就是逐渐培养组员们的信心 Weinstilledtheneedfordisciplineandobedienceintothenewrecruits 我们逐渐使新兵懂得遵守纪律和服从命令的必要性 70 Part2 Para5 RefertoPara5Judgewhetherthestatementtrue false Tobewisemeanstogetridofthephysicalrestraintentirelyandascendtothespiritualworld 71 Themistakeliesintheextremityofthestatement AccordingtoRussell mancannotfreehimselfentirelyfromthephysicalandemotionalneed soonecanonlygrowinwisdom whichitselfisamatterofdegree 72 beboundupwith beintimatelyinvolvedin dependentoneg Thesurvivalofthesecreaturesisintimatelyboundupwiththehealthoftheocean 73 Whatdoes convincingeachthattheotherhasonlythenormalshareofhumanwickedness suggest Thissuggeststhatallhumansarewickedtosomeextent 74 descend TEM4 1 fml movedownwardorlowereg Theballoondescendedgraduallyastheaircameout 2 fml ofnight darkness falleg Nightdescendsquicklyinwinter descendto doorsaysththatismeanandunworthy 75 Whatdoes Thisisofcourseamatterofdegree mean 76 descend TEM4 1 fml movedownwardorlowereg Theballoondescendedgraduallyastheaircameout 2 fml ofnight darkness falleg Nightdescendsquicklyinwinter descendto doorsaysththatismeanandunworthy 77 Thewritersuggeststhatpeoplecannotavoidbeingpartial Thedifferencebetweenawisemanandanunwisemanistheformerhaslesserdegreeofpartiality asonebecomesmoreimpartial hiswisdomgrows 78 What accordingtoRussell istheessenceofwisdom Andhowcanoneacquiretheveryessence 79 AccordingtoRussell theessenceofwisdomliesinimpartiality theabilitytodefythephysicalworld Russellbelievestheprocessofgrowingwiseisthatoftearingoneselfawayfromthephysicalandemotionalworldsandmovingintoahigherstage thespiritualworld 80 intellectualVSintelligentIntellectual a oforbelongingtotheintellecta of interestedinorabletodealwiththingsofthemind egthearts ideasfortheirownsake n apersonwhoiswellinformedandintelligent 81 intellectualVSintelligentIntelligent havingorshowingintelligence 82 desirableVSdesirousdesirable worthhaving tobewishedforeg a solutiondesirous fml rhet ofsth doingsth thateg ofpeace ofrestoringrelationsbetweenourtwonations 83 undesirable 1 likelytocausetrouble inconvenience unwantedeg Thedrughasno effects 2 ofaperson hishabits etc ofakindnottobewelcomedinsociety objectiveeg Sheisamost influence 84 Keystoexercises Vocabularyexercises 1 helptocultivateorfoster2 consider whenjudgingasituation takeintoconsideration givepropervaluetoeach attachadequateimportancetoeach 85 Keystoexercises Vocabularyexercises 3 Certainly Veryprobablybroughtagoodandhelpfuleffecttomankind4 talk disapprovingly aboutsthlessworthyorlessimportantdestroyorruineachother 86 Keystoexercises Vocabularyexercises 5 connectedwith dependenton6 accordingly 1 pursue2ceased3 attainable4enmity5 populous6surpassed7 impartial8appallingly 87 VocabularyExercises 1 A intellectualB intelligentC intelligentD intellectual2 A uninterestedB disinterested3 A continuousB continual4 A unaffectedB Disaffected 88 VocabularyExercises 5 A ByallmeansB bynomeans6 A forgetfulB forgettable 1 beneficiaries2 undesirable3 horizontally4 descendants5 increasingly6 philosophical 89 VocabularyExercises 1 contracted2 keepquiet3 investigate4 treat5 go6 lostconsciousness 90 more than nomore th