多生成树协议MSTP的配置.doc

实验六：多生成树协议MSTP的配置实验目的 了解并掌握多生成树协议的配置背景描述 某企业网络管理员认识到，传统的生成树协议(STP)是基于整个交换网络产生一个树形拓扑结构，所有的VLANs都共享一个生成树，这种结构不能进行网络流量的负载均衡，使得有些交换设备比较繁忙，而另一些交换设备又很空闲，为了克服这个问题，他决定采用基于VLAN的多生成树协议MSTP，现要在交换机上做适当配置来完成这一任务。Fa0/1实验拓扑Fa0/1Switch2Switch1Fa0/4Fa0/3Fa0/3Fa0/4Fa0/2Fa0/2Fa0/1Fa0/2Fa0/2Fa0/1Switch4Switch3 完整实验拓扑图Switch1Switch4Switch3Fa0/3Fa0/4Fa0/1Fa0/2BridgeAddr ：00d0.f8b8.dc8eBridgeAddr ：00d0.f8bc.9b33BridgeAddr ：00d0.f8bc.9a8f 实例1的生成树拓扑图Switch2Switch4Switch3Fa0/4Fa0/3Fa0/2Fa0/1BridgeAddr ：00d0.f8b8.1bf8BridgeAddr ：00d0.f8bc.9b33BridgeAddr ：00d0.f8bc.9a8f 实例2的生成树拓扑图实验步骤1. 交换机Switch1的一些相应配置(1) 创建Vlan10和Vlan20Switch1(config)#vlan 10Switch1(config-vlan)#exitSwitch1(config)#vlan 20Switch1(config-vlan)#exit(2) 设置Trunk口和端口fa0/1与fa0/2的聚合Switch1(config)#inter range fa 0/1-2Switch1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunkSwitch1(config-if-range)#exitSwitch1(config)#inter range fa 0/1-2Switch1(config-if-range)#port-group 1Switch1(config-if-range)#exit ！设置端口fa0/1-2为trunk并端口聚合Switch1(config)#inter range fa 0/3-4Switch1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunkSwitch1(config-if-range)#exit(3) 开启生成树协议设为MSTP模式，并作相应设置Switch1(config)#spanning-tree ！开启生成树Switch1(config)#spanning-tree mode mstp ！配置生成树模式为MSTPSwitch1(config)#spanning-tree mst configuration ! 进入MSTP配置模式Switch1(config-mst)#name taishan ！配置域名称Switch1(config-mst)#revision 1 ！配置版本（修订号）Switch1(config-mst)#instance 1 vlan 10 ！配置instance 1（实例1）并关联Vlan 10Switch1(config-mst)#instance 2 vlan 20 ！配置instance 2（实例2）并关联Vlan 20Switch1(config-mst)#exitSwitch1(config)#spanning-tree mst 1 priority 8192 ！提升交换机Switch1在实例1上的优先级,缺省是32768，值越小越优先成为该instance中的root switch,这一配置能确定Switch1为instance的根桥Switch1(config)#end【注意事项】l 对规模很大的交换网络可以划分多个域（region），在每个域里可以创建多个instance（实例）；2 划分在同一个域里的各台交换机须配置相同的域名（name）、相同的修订号（revision number）、 相同的 instancevlan 对应表；3 交换机可以支持65个MSTP instance，其中实例0是缺省实例，是强制存在的，其它实例可以创建和删除；4 将整个spanning-tree恢复为缺省状态用命令spanning-tree reset 。5注意各个交换机的查看（验证）配置信息应该在所有的交换机配置完成后进行。验证配置：（1） 显示MSTP全局配置Switch1#show spanning-tree mst configuration ！ 显示MSTP全局配置Multi spanning tree protocol : EnabledName : taishanRevision : 1Instance Vlans Mapped- -0 1-9,11-19,21-40941 102 20（2） 查看生成树信息Switch1#show spanning-tree ！查看生成树信息StpVersion : MSTPSysStpStatus : EnabledBaseNumPorts : 24MaxAge : 20HelloTime : 2ForwardDelay : 15BridgeMaxAge : 20BridgeHelloTime : 2BridgeForwardDelay : 15MaxHops : 20TxHoldCount : 3PathCostMethod : LongBPDUGuard : DisabledBPDUFilter : Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10 !instance1的配置信息BridgeAddr : 00d0.f8b8.dc8ePriority : 8192TimeSinceTopologyChange : 0d:0h:43m:39sTopologyChanges : 0DesignatedRoot : 200100D0F8B8DC8E !后12位是MAC地址，此处显示是Switch1自身的MAC，这说明Switch1是实例1 (instance 1)的生成树的根交换机RootCost : 0RootPort : 0（3） 查看接口fa0/1的生成树信息Switch1#show spanning-tree interface fa 0/1PortAdminPortfast : DisabledPortOperPortfast : DisabledPortAdminLinkType : autoPortOperLinkType : point-to-pointPortBPDUGuard: DisabledPortBPDUFilter: Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10PortState : discardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 800100D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 800100D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 0000PortForwardTransitions : 0PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 0PortRole : disabledPort# MST 2 vlans mapped : 20PortState : discardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 800200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 800200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 0000PortForwardTransitions : 0PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 0PortRole : disabledPort！接口fa0/1在实例1和2上的状态均为disabledPort# MST 2 vlans mapped : 20 !instanc2的配置信息BridgeAddr : 00d0.f8b8.dc8ePriority : 32768TimeSinceTopologyChange : 0d:0h:43m:39sTopologyChanges : 0DesignatedRoot : 200200D0F8B81BF8!此处显示是Switch2的MAC，这说明Switch12是实例2 (instance 2)的生成树的根交换机RootCost : 190000RootPort : Ag1（4） 查看接口fa0/2的生成树信息Switch1#show spanning-tree interface fa 0/2PortAdminPortfast : DisabledPortOperPortfast : DisabledPortAdminLinkType : autoPortOperLinkType : point-to-pointPortBPDUGuard: DisabledPortBPDUFilter: Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10PortState : discardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 800100D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 800100D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 0000PortForwardTransitions : 0PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 0PortRole : disabledPort# MST 2 vlans mapped : 20PortState : discardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 800200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 800200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 0000PortForwardTransitions : 0PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 0PortRole : disabledPort！接口fa0/2在实例1和2上的状态均为disabledPort（5） 查看接口fa0/3的生成树信息Switch1#show spanning-tree interface fa 0/3PortAdminPortfast : DisabledPortOperPortfast : DisabledPortAdminLinkType : autoPortOperLinkType : point-to-pointPortBPDUGuard: DisabledPortBPDUFilter: Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10PortState : forwardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 200100D0F8B8DC8EPortDesignatedCost : 190000PortDesignatedBridge : 800100D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 8003PortForwardTransitions : 1PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000PortRole : designatedPort ！fa0/3为实例1的指定端口# MST 2 vlans mapped : 20PortState : forwardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 200200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 200200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 8003PortForwardTransitions : 1PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000PortRole : designatedPort ！fa0/3为实例2的指定端口（6） 查看接口fa0/4的生成树信息Switch1#show spanning-tree interface fa 0/4PortAdminPortfast : DisabledPortOperPortfast : DisabledPortAdminLinkType : autoPortOperLinkType : point-to-pointPortBPDUGuard: DisabledPortBPDUFilter: Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10PortState : forwardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 200100D0F8B8DC8EPortDesignatedCost : 190000PortDesignatedBridge : 800100D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 8004PortForwardTransitions : 1PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000PortRole : designatedPort ！fa0/4为实例1的指定端口# MST 2 vlans mapped : 20PortState : forwardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 200200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 200200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 8004PortForwardTransitions : 1PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000PortRole : designatedPort ！fa0/4为实例2的指定端口2. 交换机Switch2的一些相应配置(1) 创建Vlan10和Vlan20Switch2(config)#vlan 10Switch2(config-vlan)#exitSwitch2(config)#vlan 20Switch2(config-vlan)#exit(2) 设置Trunk口和端口fa0/1与fa0/2的聚合Switch2(config)#inter range fa 0/1-2Switch2(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunkSwitch2(config-if-range)#exitSwitch2(config)#inter range fa 0/1-2Switch2(config-if-range)#port-group 1Switch2(config-if-range)#exitSwitch2(config)#inter range fa 0/3-4Switch2(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunkSwitch2(config-if-range)#exit(3) 开启生成树协议设为MSTP模式，并作相应设置Switch2(config)#spanning-treeSwitch2(config)#spanning-tree mode mstpSwitch2(config)#spanning-tree mst configurationSwitch2(config-mst)#name taishanSwitch2(config-mst)#revision 1Switch2(config-mst)#instance 1 vlan 10Switch2(config-mst)#instance 2 vlan 20Switch2(config-mst)#exitSwitch2(config)#spanning-tree mst 2 priority 8192！提升交换机Switch1在实例1上的优先级,这一配置能确定Switch1为instance的根桥Switch2(config)#end验证配置：（1） 显示MSTP全局配置Switch2#show spanning-tree mst configurationMulti spanning tree protocol : EnabledName : taishanRevision : 1Instance Vlans Mapped- -0 1-9,11-19,21-40941 102 20（2） 查看生成树信息Switch2#show spanning-treeStpVersion : MSTPSysStpStatus : EnabledBaseNumPorts : 24MaxAge : 20HelloTime : 2ForwardDelay : 15BridgeMaxAge : 20BridgeHelloTime : 2BridgeForwardDelay : 15MaxHops : 20TxHoldCount : 3PathCostMethod : LongBPDUGuard : DisabledBPDUFilter : Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10BridgeAddr : 00d0.f8b8.1bf8Priority : 32768TimeSinceTopologyChange : 0d:1h:4m:54sTopologyChanges : 0DesignatedRoot : 200100D0F8B8DC8E!此处显示是Switch1的MAC，这说明Switch1是实例1 (instance 1)的生成树的根交换机RootCost : 190000RootPort : Ag1# MST 2 vlans mapped : 20BridgeAddr : 00d0.f8b8.1bf8Priority : 8192TimeSinceTopologyChange : 0d:1h:4m:54sTopologyChanges : 0DesignatedRoot : 200200D0F8B81BF8!此处显示是Switch2的自身MAC，这说明Switch2是实例2 (instance 2)的生成树的根交换机RootCost : 0RootPort : 0（3） 查看接口fa0/1的生成树信息Switch2#show spanning-tree interface fa 0/1PortAdminPortfast : DisabledPortOperPortfast : DisabledPortAdminLinkType : autoPortOperLinkType : point-to-pointPortBPDUGuard: DisabledPortBPDUFilter: Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10PortState : discardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 800100D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 800100D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 0000PortForwardTransitions : 0PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 0PortRole : disabledPort# MST 2 vlans mapped : 20PortState : discardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 800200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 800200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 0000PortForwardTransitions : 0PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 0PortRole : disabledPort（4） 查看接口fa0/2的生成树信息Switch2#show spanning-tree interface fa 0/2PortAdminPortfast : DisabledPortOperPortfast : DisabledPortAdminLinkType : autoPortOperLinkType : point-to-pointPortBPDUGuard: DisabledPortBPDUFilter: Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10PortState : discardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 800100D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 800100D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 0000PortForwardTransitions : 0PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 0PortRole : disabledPort# MST 2 vlans mapped : 20PortState : discardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 800200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 800200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 0000PortForwardTransitions : 0PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 0PortRole : disabledPort（5） 查看接口fa0/3的生成树信息Switch2#show spanning-tree interface fa 0/3PortAdminPortfast : DisabledPortOperPortfast : DisabledPortAdminLinkType : autoPortOperLinkType : point-to-pointPortBPDUGuard: DisabledPortBPDUFilter: Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10PortState : forwardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 200100D0F8B8DC8EPortDesignatedCost : 190000PortDesignatedBridge : 800100D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 8003PortForwardTransitions : 1PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000PortRole : designatedPort# MST 2 vlans mapped : 20PortState : forwardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 200200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 200200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 8003PortForwardTransitions : 1PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000PortRole : designatedPort（6） 查看接口fa0/4的生成树信息Switch2#show spanning-tree interface fa 0/4PortAdminPortfast : DisabledPortOperPortfast : DisabledPortAdminLinkType : autoPortOperLinkType : point-to-pointPortBPDUGuard: DisabledPortBPDUFilter: Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10PortState : forwardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 200100D0F8B8DC8EPortDesignatedCost : 190000PortDesignatedBridge : 800100D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 8004PortForwardTransitions : 1PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000PortRole : designatedPort# MST 2 vlans mapped : 20PortState : forwardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 200200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 200200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 8004PortForwardTransitions : 1PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000PortRole : designatedPort3. 交换机Switch3的一些相应配置(1) 创建Vlan10和Vlan20Switch3(config)#vlan 10Switch3(config-vlan)#exitSwitch3(config)#vlan 20Switch3(config-vlan)#exit(2) 设置Trunk口并把端口fa0/5与fa0/15分别划分到Vlan10和Vlan20Switch3(config)#inter range fa 0/1-2Switch3(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunkSwitch3(config-if-range)#exitSwitch3(config)#inter fa 0/5Switch3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10Switch3(config-if)#exitSwitch3(config)#inter fa 0/15Switch3(config-if)#switchport access vlan20Switch3(config-if)#exit(3) 开启生成树协议设为MSTP模式，并作相应设置Switch3(config)#spanning-treeSwitch3(config)#spanning-tree mode mstpSwitch3(config)#spanning-tree mst configurationSwitch3(config-mst)#name taishanSwitch3(config-mst)#revision 1Switch3(config-mst)#instance 1 vlan 10Switch3(config-mst)#instance 2 vlan 20Switch3(config-mst)#exitSwitch3(config)#end验证配置：（1） 显示MSTP全局配置Switch3#show spanning-tree mst configurationMulti spanning tree protocol : EnabledName : taishanRevision : 1Instance Vlans Mapped- -0 1-9,11-19,21-40941 102 20（2） 查看生成树信息Switch3#show spanning-treeStpVersion : MSTPSysStpStatus : EnabledBaseNumPorts : 24MaxAge : 20HelloTime : 2ForwardDelay : 15BridgeMaxAge : 20BridgeHelloTime : 2BridgeForwardDelay : 15MaxHops : 20TxHoldCount : 3PathCostMethod : LongBPDUGuard : DisabledBPDUFilter : Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10BridgeAddr : 00d0.f8bc.9b33Priority : 32768TimeSinceTopologyChange : 0d:1h:6m:51sTopologyChanges : 0DesignatedRoot : 200100D0F8B8DC8ERootCost : 200000RootPort : Fa0/1 !实例1中该接口为跟接口# MST 2 vlans mapped : 20BridgeAddr : 00d0.f8bc.9b33Priority : 32768TimeSinceTopologyChange : 0d:1h:6m:51sTopologyChanges : 0DesignatedRoot : 200200D0F8B81BF8RootCost : 200000RootPort : Fa0/2 !实例2中改接口为跟接口（3） 查看接口fa0/1的生成树信息Switch3#show spanning-tree interface fa 0/1PortAdminPortfast : DisabledPortOperPortfast : DisabledPortAdminLinkType : autoPortOperLinkType : point-to-pointPortBPDUGuard: DisabledPortBPDUFilter: Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10PortState : forwardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 200100D0F8B8DC8EPortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 200100D0F8B8DC8EPortDesignatedPort : 8003PortForwardTransitions : 2PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000PortRole : rootPort !根接口# MST 2 vlans mapped : 20PortState : discardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 200200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 190000PortDesignatedBridge : 800200D0F8B8DC8EPortDesignatedPort : 8003PortForwardTransitions : 1PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000PortRole : alternatePort !备份接口（4） 查看接口fa0/2的生成树信息Switch3#show spanning-tree interface fa 0/2PortAdminPortfast : DisabledPortOperPortfast : DisabledPortAdminLinkType : autoPortOperLinkType : point-to-pointPortBPDUGuard: DisabledPortBPDUFilter: Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10PortState : discardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 200100D0F8B8DC8EPortDesignatedCost : 190000PortDesignatedBridge : 800100D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 8004PortForwardTransitions : 1PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000PortRole : alternatePort# MST 2 vlans mapped : 20PortState : forwardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 200200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 200200D0F8B81BF8PortDesignatedPort : 8004PortForwardTransitions : 1PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000PortRole : rootPort !根端口4. 交换机Switch4的一些相应配置(1) 创建Vlan10和Vlan20Switch4(config)#vlan 10Switch4(config-vlan)#exitSwitch4(config)#vlan 20Switch4(config-vlan)#exit(2) 设置Trunk口并把端口fa0/5与fa0/15分别划分到Vlan10和Vlan20Switch4(config)#inter range fa 0/1-2Switch4(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunkSwitch4(config-if-range)#exitSwitch4(config)#inter fa 0/5Switch4(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10Switch4(config-if)#exitSwitch4(config)#inter fa 0/15Switch4(config-if)#switchport access vlan20Switch4(config-if)#exit(3) 开启生成树协议设为MSTP模式，并作相应设置Switch4(config)#spanning-treeSwitch4(config)#spanning-tree mode mstpSwitch4(config)#spanning-tree mst configurationSwitch4(config-mst)#name taishanSwitch4(config-mst)#revision 1Switch4(config-mst)#instance 1 vlan 10Switch4(config-mst)#instance 2 vlan 20Switch4(config-mst)#exitSwitch4(config)#end验证配置：（1） 显示MSTP全局配置Switch4#show spanning-tree mst configurationMulti spanning tree protocol : EnabledName : taishanRevision : 1Instance Vlans Mapped- -0 1-9,11-19,21-40941 102 20（2） 查看生成树信息Switch4#show spanning-treeStpVersion : MSTPSysStpStatus : EnabledBaseNumPorts : 24MaxAge : 20HelloTime : 2ForwardDelay : 15BridgeMaxAge : 20BridgeHelloTime : 2BridgeForwardDelay : 15MaxHops : 20TxHoldCount : 3PathCostMethod : LongBPDUGuard : DisabledBPDUFilter : Disabled# MST 1 vlans mapped : 10BridgeAddr : 00d0.f8bc.9a8fPriority : 32768TimeSinceTopologyChange : 0d:1h:22m:52sTopologyChanges : 0DesignatedRoot : 200100