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英文原文英文原文 THE 6 LAYERS STEREO GARAGE DESIGN BASED ON OMRON PLC Zhuoran Zhang Department of Electrical especially the private cars putting a great pressure on urban transportation and parking slot This article is mainly concerned about the entire structure running procedure and electrical system design including hardware and program design ideas for lifting traversing stereo garage which will not only shorten the developing period but also orient parking to centralization and automation direction Owning some reference value Keywords Stereo Garage Omron PLC Design Insufficient parking slots is resulted from the development of the cities economy and transportation of the cities the traditional garages are always making the use of the nature vacancy in a community the ratio between parking slots and residents is approximately 1 1 one parking slot for a family at least in order to solve the contradiction that the parking slots using precious commercial land the stereo mechanical garages with the advantage of the average parking slot takes of less area have been gradually in front of us Compared with the traditional underground parking garage the stereo garages have more advantages First of all the stereo garages can save more area The traditional ways must be amassed driving path for vehicles averagely a car will take up 40m2 If we take multi layers garage 6 layers in to consideration it is possible for 13 cars to park in the area of 50m2 which will save lots of land resources and land construction expenditure Meanwhile the stereo garage could guarantee the safety of the people and their cars If there is anybody in the garage or the cars are not fully stopped the system controlled by electrical equipment will not run either It means that in the scale of the management the mechanical garage could separate the people and vehicles which makes it more systematically Especially for underground garages install this kind of garage will save a large area of illumination system so it is also emerge conservation and environment protection THE CLASSIFICATION AND IMPLEMENTBACKDROP OF THE STEREO GARAGE A THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE STEREO GARAGE According to the present development of the stereo garage the stereo garage is including lifting traversing roadway stacking vertical lifting vertical circulating circle level circulation The concept of the stereo garage is all from automatic logistic material transmitting system 3 The purpose of the stereo garage is to solve the parking problem in developed cities that is make use of limited area to park more vehicles so as to save land resources of the cities and manage the static transportation of the urban This article gives out a way to design lifting traversing stereo garage based on Omron PLC CP1H which could extend to solve relevant projects B A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO LIFTING TRAVERSING STEREO GARAGE The modularization concept is imported in lifting traversing stereo garage It can be designed into two to five layers or half underground type the number of the slot is from tens to hundreds This kind of garage is suitable for both above ground and underground the characteristics could be generalized as less occupation of land simple structure flexible configuration lower cost in construction decoration and fire protection and short period of construction Safe and convenient for saving and taking cars Smoothly operation lower noise during running 4 It is also appropriate for commercial bureau and residential use The safety equipment mainly is photoelectrical sensors limiting displacement protector and emergency switch C THE ENTIRE FRAME OF THE SYSTEM As the fig l representing besides the central controller PLC the stereo garage system could be divided into three sections I Mechanical System It includes column beam carrying board vehicle frame hooks and etc II Electrical System this section is the core of this article which controls the whole system to operate III Touching Panel it is the port from which operators and the system exchanging messages operators could not only operate the system but also in the situation of the malfunction it could let operator enter the manual or debugging mode Figure 1 The structure of the systemFigure 2 Touch Screen Auto running and Manual THE MAIN HARDWARE OF THE SYSTEM We mainly use the Omron PLC CPH1 on considering the control requirement and the cost we adopting CP1HX40DR A PLC the programming ways are ladder diagram or ST instruction list The instruction length is 1 to 7 steps per instruction each I O relays has 1600 ports USB 1 1 for communication The display part we import screen of WEINVIEW MT6056i series the screen material is TFT 5 6 inches and the resolution is 320 x234 with USB2 0 port supporting downloading The frequency of the CPU is 400 MHz 128RAM D THE SYSTEM STR UCTURE AND FUNCTIONS The mechanical parts cooperating with electrical system are carrying board hooks and chains There are 6 slots on each layer besides 7 slots on the top layer totally 37 slots the purpose for one slot empty on each layer is that making enough space for carrying board to move The carrying boards of the first floor only design to traverse also the top floor carrying boards are only supposed to lift The other carrying boards among these floors are designed to life and traverse In this way this system could achieve the saving and taking from any slots among these 6 layers In addition this system has a touch screen system which switches between auto run and manual debugging mode Under the auto run mode it could select a certain slot to accomplish saving and taking behavior at the same time monitoring the operation of the system Green words System Running in auto mode without malfunction When failure occurs the system seized and on screen flashing yellow failure code with red backdrop with the help of the failure code the professional operator could recognize and eliminate the failures promptly and accurately On considering more authorities are given in manual debugging mode to preclude unprofessional persons enter the mode by chance before enter the mode there is a cipher verification in which the sequence could be set by ourselves This would protect the system from potential dangers Figure 2 is the graph of system auto running manual and debugging THE COMPOSURE OF THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM A STRONG ELECTRICITY SYSTEM The strong power system includes power supply protection and driving mechanism here is electronic motors Installing XJ3 D on the forepart of the power supply wire which is used to protect phase sequence of the three phase voltage so that guarantee the right rotation of the motors Moreover the motors on some layers use the same three phase voltage B THE SET OF THE MOTORS There are 6 traversing motors on the first layer 6 traversing motors for 2 to 5 layers each and so it is with lifting motors for 2 to 5 layers The top layers have only 7 lifting motors After setting the motors mark every motor For example the motor driving the third slot of the second layer we mark it with 23 the relay before the motor are named KM23 Here series connect all the motors thermal protection any motor s problem will stop the system In this way it has no influence on the stability of the system but lowers the cost At the same time make it easier to find the problems What we need to do is press the thermal protection switch one by one C WEAK POWER SYSTEM The weak power system is also the control system which are mainly the PLC mode and its 5 extended modules also the sensors As the figure below on the right is the input part DC 24V on the left is the output section AC 220V to connect with contactors and drive them These device s functions have close relationships with the entire system s control requirements On the above of the graph the protection equipment are emergency switch installed beside the touching panel emergency only trigger it the system stops Front and back photoelectrical sensors which are used to detect people or unidentified objects breaking into the system if this happens the system would stop then response with photoelectrical failure the goal is to protect the people and the vehicles The phase sequence protection has been illustrated before Over current protection normally activated under the motor stuck All the margin switches series connected cult the main power when any carrying board exceed the limiting position Limit switches including up ones and down ones or left and right limit switches In order to achieve the controlling requirements the level limit switches are installed on the both side of the each slot frame while the vertical limit switches are installed on the chain which attached to the motor It is necessary to point out that the first layer only installed down and left right limit switches the top layer only installed up switches these switches could sense the position of the carrying boards helping to finish the lifting and traversing control Hook position sensors is to fix the vehicles and sense the slot empty or not The output points 00 04 05 06 07 are to select different phase for each layer so control the motors rotation ways Figure 3 PLC Modules Segment There are other 4 extended modules which only give more I O ports to the system similar to this main part OPERATION PROCEDURE A TAKING PROCEDURE As far as the first layer concerned it is only designed to traverse so as to make space to upper layer s carrying boards to move downward So do the other layers which are designed to traverse When traversing meet the requirements lifting mechanism will run to put the carrying board down finishing the saving and taking procedure During the procedure the photoelectrical sensors are open and will behave as fore part has explained In figure 2A is the taking condition at this time Loading will flash until the taking procedure finishes When we enter 51 the system will distinguish whether the operation is a taking or a saving according to the hook of the 51 slot Then prints the message responded to the state of the hook on the screen the operator could confirm the operation or cancel it On confirming the 51 carrying board will wait for its downward boards to finish the traversing move then moving down In addition a timer is added to this control module in order to preclude level limit switches malfunction resulting into the traversing move time up If the time for traversing move exceeds the set time the system will warn the operator traversing move time up which displays on the screen the operator could check out the failure The up limit switches are used to sense whether the carrying boards are stopped at their routine slots which the level switches can t finish Maybe one carrying board stuck between two layers Only do all the upper layers carrying boards stop at their routine slots the selected carrying board s lifting move is activated A timer is also set into the lifting control with the same function as traversing timer The elevator carries the vehicle down to the ground release the hook now the photoelectrical signal shut down and waiting for the owners to take their vehicle On driving away the vehicle and operator s confirming the photoelectrical signal resumes the carrying board back to its slot from the down way Figure 4 The flowchart of the taking and saving procedure B SAVING PROCEDURE The saving process is based on taking procedure so they are familiar the only difference is the hook move SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING AND PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT A SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT AND ITS LANGUAGE In this system we choose Omron CX ONE 3 0 to program the PLC The language for programming is classic ladder diagram On considering the stereo garages are installed in different condition and requirement of different users the scale of the stereo garages should be flexible for example different layers or slots In order to meet the different scales requirements the program is modularized only need to change the I O ports the logical relations in the ladder diagram are fixed In this way it is not only with highly compatibility but also shortens the period to develop relevant designs and make it easier to debugging and repair B MODULARIZED PROGRAM Conditional jumps are widely used in the programming the entire program consists of different modules on certain conditions the program jumps As illustrated before there are only two movements for a carrying board lifting or traversing beside the boards of first and top layers The condition for the fifth could traverse is all the upper layers slots up limiting switches closed Then Traverse OK is activated and then the program will make analysis of the operation until meet set conditions the program jumps For the lifting movements are always with the downward movements so program the downward standards the system will run The entire program is programmed with this method above the passage is only a traversing OK and vertical move OK module Similarly modules of a fixed slot for example slot 21 21 Traversing Move 21 Vertical Move for whole system Emergency Stop and Protection Button Select System Monitor and Debugging modules which cooperate with each other to accomplish the control and monitor Figure 5 Monitoring and Display module Segment Fig 5 is the segment program of the monitoring module all the motors protection series connected so are the phase sequence protection and margin switches Any of them change PLC will transfer messages to the screen which displays Meanwhile cults off the main KM the system stops A BRIEF SUMMARY This paper introduces lift shifting type six floors of three dimensional garage design method based on Omron CP1HX40DR A controller completing the requirements of three dimensional garage for city vehic