音标教学文件ppt课件.ppt

Phoneticsymbols音标 Nicole 1 国际音标 元音 分类 英语中共有48个音标 元音20个 辅音28个 单元音 双元音 前元音 中元音 后元音 i e u e a a e 辅音 爆破音 磨檫音 鼻音 半元音 舌边音 p b t d k g f v 3 s z h r t d3 tr dr ts dz m n l w j 2 Vowels 元音 purevowels 单元音 前元音 i e 3 发单元音时应注意的事项 1 舌前部在活动2 舌端抵下齿3 从 i i e 口形渐大 4 i 例词 heseatree短语 greenleavesdeepseacleanstreeteatthemeat例句 A Wouldyoulikecoffeeortea B Tea please A OK Ihavetea too 5 i 例词 pinshiphillchicks短语 abigshipfiftypicturesMissSmithinterestingfilms例句 A IsLilyin B Lilyisillinbed C Oh I msorry 6 e 例词 penheadlegwell短语 tenpenceverywellexpensivecigaretteswenttoAmerica例句 A Howdidyouspendyourholiday B IwenttoBeijing A Wasitexpensive B Yes very 7 例词 applelanternhandparachute短语 blackcatmadmantravelingbagmatter of fact例句 A AnnistravelingtoJapan B Howhappysheis A Sheisveryhappy 8 Vowels 元音 purevowels 单元音 中元音 9 发中元音时应注意 1 舌中部隆起2 舌端轻抵下齿3 口形渐大 10 例词 girlbirdworkturn短语 earlybirdThursdayworkthirstypersonperfectsearch例句 A Healwaysarrivesworkearly B Buthewasn tearlythismorning A Youweren tearlyeither 11 例词 teacherpicturebreakfastwelcome短语 aglassofwateraquartertosevenbrothersandsistersabookaboutChina例句 A lookattheclock B what sthetime A it saquartertoseven 12 例词 cuprunjumpflood短语 hurryup trustus rubbishnumbermustn tworry例句 A It ssunnytoday B Yes isn tit A MyunclewillgotoLondonnextMonday B Howluckyheis 13 Vowels 元音 purevowels 单元音 后元音 u 14 后元音发音要领 1 舌后部用力2 舌尖离开下齿龈3 u 口形渐大 15 u 例词 zoowhofoodblue短语 atoothforatoothSueandLucyfruitjuicetwoshoes例句 A Lookatmynewshoes B Oh theyarebeautiful A Yourbootsarebeautiful too 16 例词 footwoodbookpush短语 goodcookgoodbookcouldn tlookpuddingwithoutsugar例句 A Wheredidyouputthebook B Whichbook A Thebookyouboughtyesterday 17 例词 forkballmorningairport短语 fourballsscoreboardmorningglorysportsreporter例句 A Iseetwochildrenontheblackboard B Heisshort A Sheisshorter 18 例词 cockshopjobhospital短语 hotcoffeelongjobontheboxdropthepot例句 A Ihaveabadcough B Youmustseeadoctor A Yes Imustgotothehospital 19 例词 cargardenstarguitar短语 fastcarhalfparkhearttransplantstarsandbars例句 A Youlookverysmarttoday B Thankyou C Whatamarvelousdanceryouare Letmetakeaphotographofyou 20 Vowels 元音 diphthongs 双元音 e a a e 21 双元音发音要领 1 口形 舌位有变化发单元音时口形 舌位自始至终保持不变 双元音是由两个不同的元音组成的 例如 ai 从第一个元音 a 过度到 i 口形和舌位都有变化 由口形较大 舌位较低的 a 音过度到口形较小 舌位较高的 i 音 其它七个双元音也一样 发音时口形舌位都有不同成度的变化 2 前长后短双元音中两个元音的长度 音长 也不相等 第一个比第二个长些 约为三比一 3 前重后轻发第一个元音时要多使点劲儿 但必须注意不要把两个元音分裂成一个强音 一个弱音来念 而是由强而渐弱 22 双元音发音要领 4 两音密合 一气呵成由第一个元音到第二个元音是一个滑动的过程 中间不容停顿 不可把两个音分开来念 5 前音清楚 后音模糊双元音中的第一个元音发音清楚响亮 向第二个音滑动时 在尚未到达第二个元音的发音部位时滑动即可停止 不必把第二个音象单独发音时念得那么清楚 这一点非常重要 常听到一些同学把 ai 念成 阿姨 就是因为把 i 念得太清楚了 甚至跑过了头 越境而入 i 的领域了 23 e ei 例词 faceraincakewait短语 eightcakeswastepaperrailwaystationwaitforthemail例句 A It smybirthdaytoday B HappybirthdayA Thankyou Cometomybirthdayparty Anddon tbelate 24 a ai 例词 skykitewritebicycle短语 whiteliehightideeyeforeyesilentnight例句 A It safinedaytoday Thesunisshiningbrightly B Yes Ifeelhot Ilikeanice creamnow A Yes Ido too 25 i 例词 boyboilnoisecoin短语 aspoiltboyanoisytoyanannoyingvoiceJoyce sboyfriend例句 A Lookatmytoygun B Oh whatagoodtoy A Shallwejoinourfriendsinthegarden B Yes let sgo 26 v 例词 coastthrowboattoe短语 Joe scoatgotothewindowloadandunloadthrowasnowball例句 A Look Hehasaboat B Ishegoingtorow A Ithinkso 27 a av 例词 cowhousemouthtrousers短语 shoutoutbrownmousedowntownroundflower例句 A Isshemilkingthecow B Yes sheis A Isthecowinhehouse B No Sheisonthedairyfarm 28 i 例词 earideazerobeard短语 theatmosphereherequeer古怪的skierWeary疲乏mountaineerexperiencedengineer例句 A Let shavesomebeerhere B Whatagoodidea A Whatshallwedoafterhavingbeer B Weshallgotothetheatre 29 e 例词 hairbarepearchair短语 millionaire stheirsmayor sparentssquarechairscarefullibrarian例句 A Whereismypen B It soverthereonthechair A Thankyou It sreallythere 30 v 例词 tourpoorsuregourd g d 葫芦短语 poortouriststourfromChinacarmjury陪审团Europeanjewel例句 A Ireceivedaletterfrommyuncle He ssickwithinfluenza B I msorry IshestillinEurope A Yes He sstillworkinginLondon B HemustspeakfluentEnglish 31 Consonants 辅音 英语辅音的发音特点 32 1 气流受阻 从肺部呼出的气流在通过口腔或鼻腔时遇到阻碍 元音发音不受阻碍 2 气流较强 元音气流较弱 3 阻碍部分肌肉紧张 元音发音时均衡地保持紧张 4 有清浊之分 33 英语辅音的发音可以分别从 发音部位 和发音方法 两方面来学习 34 1 发音部位 所谓 发音部位 是指气流受到阻碍的地方 也就是两个发音器官为了影响气流而构成的各种阻碍的部位 例如 发 p b 时双唇先要紧闭 形成阻碍 发 f v 时下唇接触上齿形成阻碍等等 35 英语辅音按发音部位可分成 双唇音 p b m w 唇齿音 f v 舌齿音 舌龈音 t d s z n l 齿龈后部音 r j 舌后软腭音 k g 声门音 h 36 2 发音方法 是指气流通过阻碍时所使用的不同方法 及其造成的听觉印象 例如 发 p t k 时气流通过阻碍部位时所发出的爆破声 发 s z f 时气流从阻碍部位的缝隙中挤出 发出摩擦的声音等等 英语辅音按发音方法可分成 37 爆破音 p b t d k g 摩擦音 f v s z h r 破擦音 鼻音 m n 舌侧音 l 半元音 j w 38 Consonants 辅音 plosives 爆破音 p b t d k g 39 p 例词 pigpeoplepullput短语 pickupapepperpotapieceofporkapenandapencil例句 A Doyoucollectstamps B Yes Ido A Willyoushowmeyourstampalbum B Yes theyareupstairs Letmegoandfetchthem 40 b 例词 busbedbreakfastbanana短语 BigBenabigbottlebeautifulbabybluebutterflies例句 A Isthisyourhandbag B No itisn tmyhandbagisnotbrown A Whatcolorisyourhandbag B It sblack 41 t 例词 tabletalltaketelephone短语 tenteacherstravelbytrainwantarabbittwotrees例句 A I mhungry Iwantsomethingtoeat B Whataboutsometomatoes Let sgototherestaurant A Yes let sgo 42 d 例词 doordoctorheadwould短语 deardaughterreddoorplayedcardslistenedtotheradio例句 A Whatdidyoudolastnight B Istudiedlastnight A Didyoustudyallnight B No Ididn t Ilistenedtotheradioforsometime 43 k 例词 carduckclockpark短语 thebackofthecaraskquestionaquartertosixacoolcleaner例句 A Ilikecheapcakes B Youdo Doyouoftenhavecheapcakes A Yes Ido B Ifyouwanttokeepfit don teattoomanycheapcakes 44 g 例词 bagdoggoatgreen短语 goodgirlgotothegrandpa sasgoodasgoldgetagirl例句 A Canyouplaytheguitar B Yes Iplayedmyguitarinthegardenandsongagainandagainwithmyfriendslastnight A Youmusthavehadagoodtimelastnight 45 Consonants 辅音 fricatives 摩擦音 f v s z h r 46 f 例词 friendfatfishfamily短语 fiveflowersfastfoodfather sfacefeelfine例句 A LookatFreda Sheisfifty B Herhatisfunny A Lookatherfurcoat It sfamous 47 v 例词 drivevillageveryvest短语 lovelyviewvillagevet兽医leavingarrivingleavesofthevine藤 葡例句 A Who sdrivingthevan B Ithinkvictoris 获胜者A Whoisvictor B Heismynewneighbor hehaslivedhereforonlyafewmonths 48 例词 thankmonththinthirty短语 threethinkersMartha sbirthdayhealthyauthorthirtymathematicians例句 A Myfatherisamathematician B Nowonderyouaregoodatmathematics A Totellyouthetruth myfatherneverteachesmemath 49 例词 fathertherethatthis短语 smoothleathergettogetherbetterthanothersanotherbrother例句 A LilyistallerthanMary B ButMaryisslimmerthanLily A Lookatthem They redoingphysicalexercisetogether 50 s 例词 sunsmallhorsebicycle短语 sleepsoundlyexpensivecigarettessomebookssitinthesun例句 A Thesearecups B Thosearesaucers 茶碟A They renicecupsandsaucers 51 z 例词 zooprizebeesnose短语 jazzmusicclosethewindowsthesedayszeroanimal例句 A Let sgotothezoo B Good Ilikelookingatthezebras C Ilikethemonkeysthere Let sgo 52 例词 fishsugarshoeshop短语 fashionshopsfriendshipassociation社团Britishshoeswashingmachine例句 A Thisshopsellswashing machines B Dotheysellair conditioners too A Sure 53 例词 garagepleasuremeasurecollision短语 anunusualcollisionmeasureagarageagreatdecisionmypleasure例句 A Lilylikesclothesforcasual随便的wear B Clothesforcasualweararecomfortable A Iliketoweartheminmyleisuretime 54 h 例词 hathardhenhigh短语 heartandhandhighheelshead to headhappyhoneymoon蜜月期例句 A TherewasacaraccidentherelastSunday B Oh it shorrible A Wereyouherewhentheaccidenthappened B No Ionlyheardaboutit 55 例词 cheekchickenchurchwatch短语 Chinesechesswhichbutcherchickenandchipschangemuch例句 A Wherearethetwochildren B They rehavinglunch A Herearesomecherries樱桃forthem B Thankyouverymuch 56 例词 jeepjarorangebridge短语 alargejeepinjuredpassengersadjusttheengineorangejuice例句 A Ihaveanorange B Oh yourorangeislarge Look I vegotalargesandwich A Yes itisaverylargeone 57 r 例词 roselorry卡车rubberrocket短语 AmericanwaitressamarriedsecretarygrownupchildrenFrenchrestaurant例句 A Roseworksasasecretaryattherailwaystation B Shedoes Sheisaveryprettygirl A Yes very 58 Consonants 辅音 nasals 鼻音 m n 59 m 例词 moonhomemedicinemountain短语 man mademakeamistakecometomorrowmiddlename例句 A Mumhascomebackhome B Marvelous A Momsayswe llgoandseeamovietonight B Yes wecertainlywill 60 n 例词 necktinnightnoise短语 neatbrandy白兰地酒anegativeanswertelephonenumberhardentheneck例词 A WhatanicepostcardoftheGrandCanyon B Theyarewonderful 峡谷A Whosentittoyou B Afriendofmine 61 例词 inkringsingmonkey短语 ring ding开朗的risingdiphthong双元音strongstringplayingping pang例句 A Doyoulikedrinkingtea B Yes Ido A Weareadvisedtodrinkmoreteathancoffee B Teaisgoodforhealth 62 Consonants 辅音 lateral 舌侧音 l 63 l 例词 blacklightjelly全身发软lemon短语 earlyforlunchlegoflambaglassoflemonade柠檬汽水yellowjelly例句 A Mum islunchready I mhungry B OK lunchisready A What sforl