高考必考点之状语从句考点大全ppt课件.ppt

Overviewofadverbialclauses Grammarandusage 1 句子的分类 2 AdverbialClauses 状语从句 3 DefinitionAnadverbialclauseisadependentclausethatfunctionsasanadverb Comparethetwosentences Everymorninghesitsthere Everymorninghesitswherethereisapalmtree 4 Time时间状语从句Place地点状语从句Reason原因状语从句Condition条件状语从句Purpose目的状语从句Result结果状语从句Manner方式状语从句Concession让步状语从句Contrast比较状语从句 AdverbialClause 5 AdverbialClauses在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句 它可以用来修饰谓语 包括非谓语动词 定语或状语 或是整个句子 准确掌握每一个连接词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键 同时要注意主从句的时态呼应 高考英语状语从句及连接词的应用 6 1 AdverbialClauseofTime 常用连接词 when while as since till until before once assoonas特殊连接词 immediately directly instantlythemoment theinstant theminute bythetime eachtime everytime whenevernosooner than hardly scarcely when 7 从句一般用一般现在时表示将来 用现在完成时表示将来完成时1 While 当 时 Jennywasdoingthewashingup JanewaswatchingTV 2 Thetrainhadleftbythetime 到 时 theyrushedtothestation 1 AdverbialClauseofTime 8 3 Theinstant 一 就 Isawhim IknewIhaveseenhimbefore 4 Everytime 每次 Iwenttovisithim hewasplayingcomputergames 5 Eachtime 每当 wemetwithdifficulties theycametoourhelp6 NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethan 刚 就 itbegantorain 1 AdverbialClauseofTime 9 2 AdverbialClauseofPlace 常用连接词 where特殊连接词 everywhereanywherewhereverPutthekeywhereyoucanfinditlater Everywheretheywent theywerekindlyreceived Wherethereisawill thereisaway 有志者事竟成 谚语 Whereverthereissmoke thereisfire 无风不起浪 谚语 10 3 AdverbialClauseofReason 常用连接词 becausesinceasfor特殊连接词 thatinthatnow that seeingthatconsideringthatgivingthatforthereasonthat 11 3 AdverbialClauseofReason 1 Since Astheweatherissobad wehavetodelayourjourney 2 Heisabsenttoday becauseforheisill 3 Hemustbeillforheisabsenttoday 12 3 AdverbialClauseofReason 4 I mhappythatyou vetoldthetruth 5 Somepeoplesaymandiffersfromanimalsinthatwehavetheabilitytolaugh 6 Consideringthathiswifehasjusthadabadcold hedecidedtogotothepartyalone 13 4 AdverbialClauseofCondition 常用连接词 if unless as solongas特殊连接词 providing providedthat supposingthat incasethat onconditionthat giventhatIf引导的条件句有真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种 虚拟条件句要用虚拟语气 14 4 AdverbialClauseofCondition 1 IwillgotothepartyifIaminvited 2 Iwon tgotothepartyunlessinvited 3 We llletyouusetheroomonconditionthatyoukeepitclean 4 Youwillcertainlysucceedsolongasyoukeepontrying 5 Providedthatthereisnoopposition weshallholdthemeetinghere 15 5 AdverbialClauseofPurpose 常用连接词 sothat inorderthat特殊连接词 lest incase forfearthat inthehopethat forthepurposethat从句中的谓语动词常常用may might can could should等情态动词1 Speakloudersothateveryonecanhearyou 16 5 AdverbialClauseofPurpose 2 Theystartedearlyinorderthattheycouldarrivehomebeforedinnertime 3 Wedarenotplayjokesonhimlesthe should beangry 4 Westoodunderthetreequietlyforfearthatthebird should flyaway 17 表示目的的几种句型表达Hegotupearlytocatchtheearlybus Hegotupearlyinordertocatchtheearlybus Hegotupearlysoastocatchtheearlybus Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchtheearlybus Hegotupearlyinorderthathecouldcatchtheearlybus 18 6 AdverbialClauseofResult 常用连接词 so such that sothat特殊连接词 tothe suchadegreethat totheextentthatHegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus It ssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit 19 6 AdverbialClauseofResult Tosuchadegreewasheexcitedthathecouldn tsleeplastnight Hishumourwassuchastomakeusalllaugh Hewassohumourousastomakeusallalugh Hewassohumourousthatwealllaugh 20 7 AdverbialClauseofManner 常用引导词 as asif asthough特殊引导词 how theway AistoBwhatCistoD CistoD1 You dbettertakethingsastheyare 2 WheninRome doastheRomando 3 Foodistomeniswhatoilistomachine 食物之于人 犹如油之于机器 21 7 AdverbialClauseofManner 4 Sometimesweteachourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus 在asif或asthough引导的状语从句中多用过去时表示虚拟语气 5 HelookedatmeasifIweremad 6 Heactedasthoughhehadbeentherebefore 22 8 AdverbialClauseofConcession 常用连接词 though although evenifeventhough特殊连接词 while 一般用于句首 as 用于倒装结构 whether or wh ever nomatterwh 23 8 AdverbialClauseofConcession 1 Thoughheisyoung hecouldsolvetheproblemonhisown Youngasheis hecouldsolvetheproblemonhisown 2 Althoughheisachild hecouldsolvetheproblemonhisown Childasheis hecouldsolvetheproblemonhisown 24 9 AdverbialClauseofContrast 常用连接词 as as notso as as 同级比较 than 不同程度的比较 特殊连接词 the 比较级 the 比较级 1 Thelittlegirlwantstobeascleverasherbrother 2 Hedoesn tworksohardasyoudo 25 9 AdverbialClauseofContrast 3 Themoreyouworry thelessyou llsucceed 4 Shedidworseinthetestthansheexpected 26 9 AdverbialClauseofContrast 5 这个房间是哪个房间的三倍大 Thisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone Thisroomisthreetimeslargerthanthatone Thisroomisthreetimesthesizeofthatone 27 9 AdverbialClauseofContrast 6 今年的收入是去年的两倍 Theincomeofthisyearistwicethatoflastyear Theincomeofthisyearistwicewhatitwaslastyear 28 考点一高频连接词 29 29 when while aswhen 持续性 非持续性动词都可1 当 时候Areyougoingtobeasailorwhenyouleaveschool 2 正在 忽然when atthistime atthattimesb wasdoing when sbwasabouttodo wasgoingtodo when sbhasjustdone when 30 3 表示原因 既然 考虑到 相当于since consideringthat Whydoyouwantanewjobwhenyou vegotsuchagoodonealready 31 whileWhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet Icameacrossanoldfriend while Helikespopmusic whileIamfondoffolkmusic while WhileIreallydon tlikeart Ifindhisworkimpressive while Whilethereislifethereishope while when although aslongas 而 32 1 Shesangassheworked 一边 一边 2 Smartasheis hedoesn tstudyhard 虽然 尽管3 YoumusttrytodoasIdid 依照 按照4 Asshewaslateforclass shehadtosaysorry 因为5 Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolde随着 33 beforeItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback Itwon tbehalfayearbeforewemeetagain Wesailedfourdaysandnightsbeforewesawtheland Wehadn trunamilebeforehefelttired 肯定句 才 否定句 就 itwillbe 一段时间before 多久之后才 itwon tbe 一段时间before 不久就 34 sincebeforewhenthat Itis 时间 易混淆句型 35 It sthreedayssincehereturnedhome Itwasthreedaysbeforehereturnedhome Itwillbethreedaysbeforehereturnedhome Itwasthreedayslaterthathereturnedhome Itwasthreeo clockwhenhegothome Itwasatthreeo clockthathegothome 36 where引导的定语从句和状语从句的区别和联系where 引导定语从句时 相当于in at towhich where 引导状语从句时 相当于in at totheplacewhere Pleasemakeamarkintheplacewhereyouhaveaquestion 定语从句Pleasemakeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion 状语从句 37 unless除非 如果不相当于if notMostbirdsfinditsafetosleepinthetrees but theyhaveeggsoryoungchicks theydon tuseanest A whyB howC unlessD where 38 because since as forbecause 直接原因 非推断 语气最强 回答whysince 显而易见的已知的原因 译为 既然 通常放句首 as 不谈自明的原因 语气最弱 for 附加 推断的原因 通常放放句中 引导后半句表原因 1 Whyareyoulate Becausemycarbrokedownontheway 39 2 ItwasbecausemycarbrokedownonthewaythatIwaslate 3 Itmusthaverained forthegroundiswet 4 Ididn tgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseIwasill 5 Sinceeverybodyishere let sbeginourmeeting 6 Asyouareinpoorhealth youshouldnotstayuplate 40 so such that so adj adv that so adj a n n that such a n adj n that such adj n UC n pl that 41 Heissuchagoodteacherthatweallrespecthim Heissogoodateacherthatweallrespecthim Sogoodateacherishethatweallrespecthim Suchagoodteacherishethatweallrespecthim 42 Hemadesuchrapidprogressthattheteacherpraisehim Hemadesomuchprogressthattheteacherpraisehim 43 一 就 的表达法assoonashardly scarcely when nosooner that themoment minute second instantimmediately instantly directlyon upon n doing 44 他一到达车站汽车就发动了 Assoonas 连词 hearrivedatthestation thebusstarted Hardly 连词 hadhearrivedatthestationwhenthebusstarted Nosooner 连词 hadhearrivedatthestationthanthebusstarted 45 Immediately 副词 hearrivedatthestation thebusstarted Themoment 名词 hadhearrivedatthestationwhenthebusstarted Upon On 介词 hisarrivalatthestation thebusstarted 46 until till均可用于肯定句 但until可用于句首 till则不可 肯定句 Sheslepttill untilmidnight Untilyoutoldme Ihadheardnothingofwhathappened 否定句 Shedidn tarriveuntilmidnight 47 Hedidn tgotobeduntilhefinishedhiswork Notuntilhefinishedhisworkdidhegotobed 倒装句 Itwasnotuntilhefinishedhishomeworkthathewenttobed 强调句 48 however whateverhowever 后接adj 或adv 相当于nomatterhowwhatever 后接n 相当于nomatterwhat 49 Howeverdifficultitmaybe youshouldn tgiveup Whateverdifficultiesyoumaycomeacross youshouldn tgiveup Howevermanydifficultiesyoumaycomeacross youshouldn tgiveup Youcandresshoweveryoulike Youcanwearwhateveryoulike 50 区别几组词1aslongas和asfarasaslongas solongas只要Asfaras sofaras就 而言 到 程度2onlyif和ifonlyonlyif只要Ifonly要是 就好了 51 3asif和evenifasif似乎 好像evenif即使 纵然4despite和althoughdespite 介词 虽然although 连词 虽然5with和aswith 介词 随着as 连词 随着 52 考点二状语从句中成分的省略 53 53 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时 从句的主语可以省略 谓语则按下面几种情况省略或变化 系表 结构省略be动词 被动语态省略助动词be 主动语态的动词则变为doing after before since后接beingdone表示被动 54 Ifnecessary 如果有必要的话 I llexplainittoyouagain Thoughlacking lack money theysenttheirchildrentoschool Hestoppedasiftosee see ifsomeonefollowedhim 55 状语从句同时具备下列两个条件 主句和从句的主语一致 或从句主语为it 从句主要动词是be的某种形式 从句中的主语和be动词常可省略 When themuseumis completed themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear If itis possible hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty 如果可能的话 他会帮你摆脱困境 56 Youmustattendthemeetingunless itis inconvenienttoyou 除非情况对你来说不方便 否则你必须出席这次会议 另外 比较状语从句经常省略 I mtallerthanhe istall Thehigherthetemperature is thegreaterthepressure is 57 注意 当从句主语和主句主语不一致时 从句部分要么用完全形式 要么用独立主格结构来表达 Whenthemeetingwasover allthepeoplewentoutofthemeeting room 当会议结束时 人们都走出了会议室 Themeetingover allthepeoplewentoutofthemeeting room 58 考点三时态一致性 59 59 在时间或条件状语从句中 当主句是将来时的时候 从句的谓语动词一般用 一般现在时 表示 一般将来时 用 现在完成时 表示 将来完成时 要注意时态一致 Theyaregoingtohaveapicnicifitdoesn trainnextweek AssoonasIhavefinishedthiswork Iwillhavegonehome 60 考点四状语从句与倒装句 61 61 as引导让步状语从句时 通常从句要倒装as表示 虽然 尽管 引导让步状语从句时 出于强调的目的要倒装 即从句中的表语 谓语动词或做状语的副词调至从句之首a 句首名词不能带任何冠词 b 句首是实义动词 其他助动词放在主语后 如果实义动词有宾语和状语 随实义动词一起放在主语之前 句型为 名词 形容词 过去分词 as though 主语 动词 主句 62 1 Thoughheisasmallchild heknowswhatistherightthingtodo Childasheis heknowswhatistherightthingtodo 2 Thoughheworkedhard heneverseemedabletodotheworksatisfactorily Hardasheworked heneverseemedabletodotheworksatisfactorily 63 3 Thoughyoumayfail youshouldnevergiveup Failasyoumay youshouldnevergiveup 4 Thoughitwasrainingheavilyoutside theystartedoutveryearly Heavilyasitwasrainingoutside theystartedoutveryearly 64 5 Carolinacouldn tgetthedooropen A TryasshemightB AsshemighttryC ShemightastryD Mightsheastry 65 6 hetalksalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass A AquietstudentashemaybeB QuietstudentashemaybeC BeaquietstudentashemayD Quiteashemaybeastudent 66 so such 引导的结果状语从句置于句首 会引起倒装 1 Soangrywashethatheyelledatme 2 Suchanicedaywasitthatwepicnickedonthegrass 3 Sodifficult ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskedTomforadvice A IdidfindB didIfindC IhavefoundD haveIfound 67 only 状语从句 位于句首 主句用部分倒装语序 从句语序不变Onlywhenthewarwasover tohishometown A didtheyoungsoldierreturnB theyoungsoldierreturned C returnedtheyoungsoldierD theyoungsoldierdidreturn 68 notuntil从句被提到句首时 主句用部分倒装语序 从句语序不变Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver howseriousthepollutionwas A didthevillagersrealizeB thevillagersrealizedC thevillagersdidrealizeD didn tthevillagersrealize 69 表示 一 就 的两个常见结构 Nosoonerhad than Hardly Scarcelyhad when DidLindaseethetrafficaccident No nosooner thanithappened A hadshegoneB shehadgoneC hasshegoneD shehasgone 70 考点五注意区分不同从句 71 71 引导的是什么从句 不仅要根据连词 还要根据句子结构和句意来判别 Youaretofinditwhereyouleftit 地点状语从句Tellmetheaddresswherehelives 定语从句 句中有先行词Idon tknowwherehecamefrom 宾语从句Wherehehasgoneisnotknownyet 主语从句Thisplaceiswheretheyoncehid 表语从句 72 考点六并列句与状语从句 73 73 并列句的基本概念并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成 在并列句中 这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起 并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句 74 常见的并列句1 表递进关系 用来表递进关系的并列连词有and notonly butalso neither nor not but 等 2 表选择关系 常用的并列连词有or either or otherwise等 Eitheryouareright orIam 75 3 表转折对比关系 常用的并列连词有but yet whereas while等 Thecarisold and but yetitisingoodcondition Thecarisold butitisingoodcondition Thecarisold However Nevertheless Still itisingoodcondition but不与although连用 但yet still可与although连用 76 4 表因果关系 常用的并列连词有so for TheshopswereclosedsoIdidn tgetanymilk 商店都关门了 所以我没买到牛奶 for常出现在并列句中 不说明主句行为发生的直接原因 只提供一些补充说明 常位于两个并列句中间 不可位于句首 77 5 用祈使句表示条件状语从句1 祈使句 and 陈述句 if引导的肯定条件句 陈述句 2 祈使句 or otherwise 陈述句 if引导的否定条件句 陈述句 Workhard andyou llgetgoodgrades 改为含有条件状语从句的复合句 Ifyouworkhard you llgetgoodgrades 78 1 UnlikewatchingTV readingisahighlyactiveprocess itrequiresattentionaswellasmemoryandimagination A untilB butC unlessD for2 Theoldteacherfounditincreasinglydifficulttoread hereyesightwasbeginningtofail A andB forC butD or 79 3 Sheisseriouslyill shedoesn tgiveuphope A thoughB butC stillD however4 Findwaystopraiseyourchildrenoften you llfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou A tillB orC andD but 80 1 状语从句的种类2 状语从句中的六大考点 高频连接词 状语从句中成分的省略 时态的一致性 状语从句与倒装句 注意区分不同从句 并列句与状语从句 summary 81 1 scientistshavelearnedalotabouttheuniverse thereismuchwestilldon tknow 2015安徽23 A OnceB SinceC ThoughD Unless2 heoncefeltlikegivingup henowhasthedeterminationtopushfurtherandkeepongoing 2015安徽34 A WhereB