江苏省高考英语一轮复习 第16讲 倒装句课件.ppt

倒装句专题 英语句子按主谓排列顺序来分有正常语序和倒装语序 正常语序的结构是 主语 谓语 倒装语序为谓语 或谓语的一部分 主语 倒装句专题 倒装语序分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种 完全倒装是将整个谓语移至主语前面 例如 thencomesthebus 部分倒装是只将助动词 系动词或情态动词放主语之前 例如 issheanenglishteacher 句子语序 正常语序 主语 谓语 倒装语序 谓语 或谓语的一部分 主语 全部倒装整个谓语移至主语前面 部分倒装只将助动词 系动词或情态动词放在主语之前 完全倒装 1 用于therebe句型教室里有很多学生 therearemanystudentsintheclassroom 2 句首状语引起完全倒装 副词here there in out up down away back now then ahead等位于句首 当谓语动词是be come go follow run等表示位置移动的动词 而且主语又是名词时 需要把谓语动词放主语之前 即完全倒装 2 车来了 here 铃响了 there 该你的了 now 孩子们出去了 out comesthebus goesthebell comesyourturn wentthechildren theywentout herehecomes 注意 当代词做主语时 主谓语序不变 他们出去了 他来了 典型例题 1 let shurry listen there oh yes hastheteachercomeyet look here athebellgoes ishecomingbgoesthebell hecomescthebellisgoing heiscomingdgoesthebell comeshe 3 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时 也常常引起全部倒装 1城南有个大型钢铁厂 southofthecityliesabigsteelfactory abigsteelfactoryliessouthofthecity 2 台前站着一位歌唱家 asingerstoodinthefrontofthestage inthefrontofthestagestoodasinger 1 onahillinfrontofthemstoodagreatcastle 2 onthebedlayasickoldman 3 underthetreewassittingoneofthebiggestmenihaveeverseen 4 seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungmenplayingcards 5 lyingonthefloorwasaboyagedaboutseventeen 4 当直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时 引号外的主谓可以全部倒装 也可以不倒装 1 ithinkwe relost saidmybrother 也可以 ithinkwe relost mybrothersaid 2 ifidie askedhe whowilltakemyplace 也可以 ifidie heasked whowilltakemyplace 5 谓语是be 表语提前时 整个句子需倒装 happyishewhodevotedhimselftothecauseofcommunism suchwasalberteinstein asinglemanofgreatachievements 二 部分倒装 指将谓语的一部分 如助动词 系动词或情态动词 倒装至主语之前 如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词等 则需添加助动词do does或did 并将其置于主语之前 1 在以so nor neither开头的句子里 也是 也不是 afishcanswimandsocani igetupatsevenandsodoesmybrother hedidn tdoitandneitherdidi hedidn tsmoke nordidhedrink 如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的意思 则不倒装 确实是 itishottoday soitis hefinisheditontime sohedid 注意 如按照别人的意思做了什么事 so也不用倒装 某人照办了 theteacheraskedmetoreadlouder andididso 3 当前面的句子中主语 谓语或肯否定形式不同时 则用soitiswith 句型来表示 tomlikessinging buthedoesn tlikedancing soitiswithmary tomiscleverandhestudieshard soitiswithmary 典型例题 youforgetyourpursewhenyouwentout goodheavens a sodidib soididc ididsod isodid davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently and a sohehas soyouhaveb sohehas sohaveyouc sohashe sohaveyoud sohashe soyouhave 2 当 so such that 结构中的so或such位于句首时 构成部分倒装句 1 sobusyisthedentistthathehasnotimetospare 2 sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch 由so引起的 表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人 或物 的句子 如 wemuststartforthework sitenow somustwe societyhaschangedandsohavethepeopleinit heplaystheviolinquitewell sodoesmysister hehasbeentobeijing sohavei 注 如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思 尽管so用开头 语序也不要倒装 如 itwascoldyesterday soitwas tomorrowwillbemonday soitwill 3 only位于句首 修饰副词 介词短语或状语从句时 要用部分倒装 注意 only修饰状语从句时 主句中倒装 从句中不倒装 only修饰的不是状语时 则不用倒装语序 onlytheteacherscancomein 主句 从句 典型例题 canyouexpecttogetapayrise 2001 a withhardworkb althoughworkhardc onlywithhardworkd nowthatheworkshard onlyinthisway tomakeimprovementintheoperatingsystem 2003 a youcanhopeb youdidmorec canyouhoped didyouhope 4 1 具有否定意义的副词放句首 not never seldom hardly rarely little scarely few 例句 1 neverhaveiseensuchaperformance 2 nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion 1 ifinallygotthejobidreamedabout neverinmylife sohappy 2000 spring a didifeelb ifeelc ihadfeltd hadifelt2 theoldcouplehavebeenmarriedfor40yearsandneveronce witheachother 2003 a theyhadquarreledb theyhavequarreledc havetheyquarreledd hadtheyquarreled 2 含有否定意义的连词放句首 notonly butalso neither nor nosooner than scarcely when hardly when notuntil 注意 1 notuntil引出主从复合句 主句倒装 从句不倒装 2 notonly nosooner hardly scarcely要倒 but also than when后面的句子不倒 前倒后不倒 3 neither nor 两部分都倒装 例如 用于nosooner than hardly when和notuntil的句型中 1 hardlyhadiarrivedwhensheleft 2 nosoonerhadiarrivedthansheleft 3 notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework 4 neitherhashecalledonher norwillhedoso 典型例题1 notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver howseriouspollutionwas 95 a didthevillagersrealizeb thevillagersrealizedc thevillagersdidrealized didn tthevillagersrealize2 notonly interestedinfootballbut beginningtoshowaninterestinit a theteacherhimselfis allhisstudentsareb theteacherhimselfis areallhisstudentsc istheteacherhimself areallhisstudentsd istheteacherhimself allhisstudentsare 3 notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury whatheatis a mandidknowb manknowc didn tmanknowd didmanknow4 nosooner thanitbegantorainheavily a thegamebeganb hasthegamebegunc didthegamebegind hadthegamebegun5 notuntilibegantowork howmuchtimeihadwasted a didn tirealizeb didirealizec ididn trealized irealize 3 含有否定意义的介词放句首 bynomeans innotime innocase onnoaccount undernocircumstances 典型例题 whycan tismokehere atnotime inthemeeting room a issmokingpermittedb smokingispermittedc smokingisitpermittedd doessmokingpermitted 注意 1 加前缀或后缀 un im less等 视为肯定句 theyoungmanwasimpolitetous hisfatherwasimpolitetous too theyoungmanwasimpolitetousandsowashisfather 5 某些让步状语从句往往把表语提到主语前面或放在句首 以构成倒装结构 例如 nomatterhowinterestingthebookis hedoesn tliketoreadit howeverhardasolidmaybe wecanchangeitsshape youngasheis heknowsalot 6虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were should 或had 可将if省略 再把were should或had移到从句句首 实行倒装 weretheyherenow theycouldhelpus iftheywereherenow theycouldhelpus hadyoucomeearlier youwouldhavemethim ifyouhadcomeearlier youwouldhavemethim shoulditrain thecropswouldbesaved wereittorain thecropswouldbesaved 注意 在虚拟语气的从句中 动词 be 的过去时态一律用 were 不用was 即在从句中be用were代替 ifiwereyou iwouldgotolookforhim 如果我是你 就会去找他 ifhewerehere everythingwouldbeallright 如果他在这儿 一切都会好的 典型例题 todothework ishoulddoitsomeotherday a ifwereib iwerec wereid wasi itraintomorrow wewouldhaveputoffthevisittotheyangpubridge 94 a wereb shouldc wouldd will forthetreetickets iwouldnothavegonetothefilmsooften 95sh a ifitisnotb wereitnotc hadnotitbeend iftheywerenot 7用于 形容词 或名词 动词 副词 as though 引导的让步状语从句中 尽管她很漂亮 可她不聪明 prettyassheis sheisnotclever 尽管他可以试一试 他还会掉下来 tryashecould hemightfallagain 注意 如果从句的表语是名词 其名词前不加任何冠词 1 尽管他还是个孩子 他不得不去谋生 childashewas hehadtomakealiving 2 heroasheis hehassomeshortcomings 表语倒装 3 hardastheyworked theydidn tfinishthetaskaheadoftime 状语倒装 4 tryasyoumight youwillnotsucceed 主要动词倒装 注意 1 句首名词不能带任何冠词 2 句首是实义动词 其他助动词放在主语后 如果实义动词有宾语和状语 随实义动词一起放在主语之前 3 让步状语从句中 有though although时 后面的主句不能有but 但是though和yet可连用 典型例题 heknowsalotofthings a thechildasheisb childasheisc achildasheisd childheasis ihaveneverseenanyonewho sascapable 有能力 asjohn 2001 a aslongas