河北省唐山市滦南县青坨营镇初级中学九年级英语全册 Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are被动语态课件 （新版）人教新目标版.ppt

被动语态 thepassivevoice 1 teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes 2 annaisallowedtowearherownclothes 4 iamnotallowedtogooutonschoolnights 3 sixteen year oldsshouldbeallowedtodrive 5 riceisplantedinsouthchina 语态 表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系 英语有两种语态 即主动语态和被动语态 主动语态 表示主语是动作的执行者 被动语态 表示主语是动作的承受者 如 manystudentsstudyenglish 主动语态 englishisstudiedbymanystudents 被动语态 语态 助动词be有人称 数的变化 其变化规则与be作为连系动词时一样 如 thedeskismadeofwood thedesksaremadeofwood heisaskedaquestionbytheteacher 被动语态的结构 助动词be 及物动词的过去分词 不同的时态有不同的被动语态结构 1 一般现在时的被动语态结构 water wateredwatered use usedused study studiedstudied stop stoppedstopped do diddone ride roderidden forexample bymanystudents 主动语态变被动语态的方法 1 manystudentsstudyenglish english isstudied 2 theymakeshoesinthatfactory shoes aremade bythem inthatfactory 主动语态变被动语态的方法 1 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语 2 把主动语态的谓语变为被动语态的谓语 3 把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的by短语 by短语可以省 by短语后跟代词的宾格 bytheteacher 3 theteacheroftenaskshimquestions he isasked questions 1 找宾语 即动作的承受者 theymakeshoesinthatfactory shoes 2 判断宾语的单复数 即be动词的单复数 aremade 3 判断动词的时态 即be动词的时态 4 修改谓语的形式 即原句动词改为过去分词 5 修改原句的主语 即by 宾语 原主语 bythem 主变被解题步骤 主变宾 宾变主 谓动bedone时不变 人称 数 格随着变 shewaterstheflowerseveryday theflowers whatdoesshedoeveryday everyday arewatered byher theydotheirhomeworkafterschool theirhomeworkisdonebythemafterschool heplaysbasketballeveryweek basketballisplayedbyhimeveryweek theyplayfootballonsunday lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening theyoftenusecomputersinclass wemakethesemachinesinbeijing footballisplayedbythemonsunday thehomeworkisdonebylucyintheevening computersareoftenusedbytheminclass thesemachinesaremadeinbeijing practice 1 theyboughttencomputerslastterm bythemlastterm 2 一般过去时的被动语态结构 was were 过去分词 lastyear 2 weplantedmanytreeslastyear manytrees wereplanted tencomputers werebought 3 iboughtacomputerlastterm acomputerwasbought byme lastterm thestudentsplantedmanytreesyesterday manytreeswereplantedbythestudentsyesterday theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday wecleanedourclassroomjustnow theyusedthisroomforresting thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem 3 一般将来时的被动语态结构 willbe 过去分词 1 theywillfinishtheworkintendays bythemintendays thework willbefinished 2 tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow theroom willbecleaned by tom tomorrow wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon 4 含有情态动词的被动语态结构 can may must should be 过去分词 1 amycantakegoodcareofgina byamy gina canbetakengoodcareof 2 youshoulddrinkmorewater morewater shouldbedrunk byyou anncantakegoodcareofthecats thecatscanbetakengoodcareofbyann 情态动词 modelverb s can must should等情态动词 be 过去分词 weshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday theclassroomshouldbecleanedbyuseveryday hecancarrythebasket thebasketcanbecarriedbyhim 1 hecantakecareofthebaby 2 lucymaydrawthepictures 3 youmustturnoffthelights 4 theyshouldlearnenglishwell thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim thepicturemaybedrawnbylucy thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem 5 现在进行时的被动语态的结构 is am are being 过去分词 1 someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow bysomeworkersnow therooms arebeingpainted 2 heiswatchingtv tv isbeingwatched byhim 6 现在完成时的被动语态的结构 have has been 过去分词 1 wehavemadetwentymorekeys byus twentymorekeys havebeenmade 2 wehavefinishedourcompositions ourcompositions havebeenfinished byus 表格 被动态基本结构 am is aredone was weredone am is arebeingdone was werebeingdone shall will begoingtobedone wouldbedone have hasbeendone hadbeendone suchbooksarewrittenforchildren 这些书是为儿童写的 ihaven tbeentoldaboutit 没有人告诉我这件事 被动语态的用法 1 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁 it s wassaid believed reported that it sreportedthataboutthreehundredpeoplewerekilledinthisearthquake 据报道 这次地震中大约有三百人死亡 2 强调动作的承受者 这时应用by短语 thecupwasbrokenbydavid 3 作客观说明时 常采用一种被动语态句型 填空 完成被动语态填空 1 theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool 改为被动语态 theirclassroom often bythemafterschool 2 lileigavetomanewpenlastweek 同上 anewpen tomlastweek is cleaned wasgivenby practice 3 alotofpeopleinchinacanspeakenglishnow 同上 english byalotofpeopleinchinanow 4 ihavelearnedenglishforabouttwoyears 同上 english forabouttwoyears 5 theywillpublishthesestory booksnextmonth 同上 thesestory books nextmonth canbespoken hasbeenlearned willbepublished practice 1 ourschool in1993 open 2 theyoungtreesmust well lookafter 3 thisbuilding build lastyear 4 thebook write byhimlastyear 5 the29tholympicgameswill 举行 inukin2012 wasopened belookedafter was built waswritten beheld 完成下列句子 practice 如 1 hegavemeabook iwasgivenabookbyhim 以i做主语 abookwasgiventomebytom 以物book作主语 2 heteachesusenglish wearetaughtenglishbyhim 以人当主语 englishistaughttousbyhim 以物作主语 被动语态的几种类型 1 带双宾语句子的被动语态 指物的宾语叫直接宾语 指人的宾语叫间接宾语 常见的接双宾语的动词有 to pass give teach show bring handfor make buy draw sing get 以 人 当主语时 变法和一般的变法一样 以 物 当主语时 在保留的间接宾语前必须加to或for keep make三类的动词常常有宾语补足语 在被动语态中 宾语补足语位置不变 wekeepfoodfreshinthefridge 主谓宾宾补 foodiskeptfreshinthefridge isawhimgointotheofficebuilding hewasseentogointotheofficebuilding 2 含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态 不及物动词没有宾语 因此没有被动语态 但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些词类构成短语动词之后 其作用相当于及物动词 可以接宾语 因而也可以变为被动语态 在变成被动语态时 不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词 theytakegoodcareofmychild mychildistakengoodcareof iturnedofftheradio theradiowasturnedoff byme 3 含有短语的主动语态变被动语态 即feel hear listen have make let look watch see notice 这些词在主动句中 其后的动词不定式不加to 但变被动句时必须加to 1 isawhimplaybasketballlastsunday he wasseen toplaybasketballlastsunday 2 weheardthemsingintheclassro