广东省佛山市三水实验中学中考英语 被动语态复习课件.ppt

初中英语复习课 thepassivevoice 一 什么是被动语态 动作的承受者做主语 am is aredonewas weredoneshall willbedonecan may must should bedone 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 带情态动词时 二 几种常见的被动语态结构 动词的过去式与过去分词动词原形 过去式 过去分词 1 一般情况下 动词词尾加 ed play played2 以不发音的 e结尾动词 动词词尾加 d live lived3 以辅音字母 y结尾的动词 把 y变为 i再加 ed study studied4 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词 双写词尾辅音字母 再加 ed stop stoppedplan planned5 不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强 须多加记忆 go wentbuy bought 不规则动词过去式 过去分词归类表 1 aaa型 动词原形 过去式 过去分词同形 cost 花费 costcostcut 割 cutcuthit 打 hithithurt伤害 hurthurtlet 让 letletput 放 putputread 读 readreadspread 传播 spreadspread 2 aab型 动词原形与过去式同形 beat 跳动 beatbeaten 3 aba型become 变成 becamebecomecome 来 camecomerun 跑 ranrun 4 abb型 过去式与过去分词同形 dig 挖 dugdugget 得到 gotgothang 吊死 hangedhangedhang 悬挂 hunghunghold 抓住 heldheldsit 坐 satsatwin 赢 wonwonmeet 遇见 metmet 5 abc型 动词原形 过去式与过去分词三者不同形 1 begin 开始 beganbegundrink 喝 drankdrunkring 铃响 rangrungsing 唱 sangsungswim 游泳 swamswumblow 吹 blewblowndraw 画 drewdrawnfly 飞 flewflowngrow 生长 grewgrownknow 知道 knewknownthrow 投掷 threwthrownshow 出示 showedshown 1 theymakeshoesinthatfactory 主语 及物动词 宾语 shoesaremade bythem inthatfactory 一般现在时 变为被动语态 s 主语 am is are 过去分词 1 theyplayfootballonsunday 2 lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening 3 theydon toftenusecomputersinclass 4 doyoumakethesemachinesinbeijing footballisplayedbythemonsunday thehomeworkisdonebylucyintheevening computersaren toftenusedbytheminclass arethesemachinesmadeinbeijing 2 theyboughttencomputerslastterm tencomputerswerebought bythem lastterm 一般过去时 s was were 过去分词 1 theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear 2 hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday 3 didyoucleantheclassroomjustnow 4 theydidn tusethisroomforresting thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday wastheclassroomcleanedbyusjustnow thisroomwasn tusedforrestingbythem 3 theywillfinishtheworkintendays theworkwillbefinished bythem intendays 一般将来时 s will be 过去分词 1 wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek 2 childrenwon ttakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow 3 willtheheadmastergiveatalkthisafternoon asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek somephotoswon tbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow willatalkbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon 翻译句子1我的房间每天都被清洗2我的房间昨天被清洗了3我的房间明天将会被清洗4我的房间应该被清洗 myroomiscleanedeveryday myroomwascleanedyesterday myroomwillbecleanedtomorrow myroomshouldbecleaned exercise 把下面的句子改成被动语态1 theyoftenusecomputersinclass computers bytheminclass 2 wecleanedourclassroomjustnow ourclassroom byusjustnow 3 theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon atalk bytheheadmasterthisafternoon areoftenused wascleaned willbegiven 四 putthefollowingintopassivevoice 1 icanfinishmyhomeworkeveryday myhomeworkcanbefinishedbymeeveryday 2 didtheybuymanyflowers weremanyflowersboughtbythem 3 hedoesn toftenreadenglish englishisn toftenreadbyhim 4 theytoldusnottogothere weweretoldnottogotherebythem 完成跟踪练习1 2 3 4 1 在hear see watch notice等 感观 动词的后面和make let等 使役 动词的后面作宾补的动词不定式都不带to 但这种句子在变为被动语态时 应加上to 一听 二使 三看 1 isawhercomeintomyroom shewasseentocomeintomyroombyme 2 hemademewritetheletterforhim iwasmadetowritetheletterforhim 注意问题 2 若主动语态的动词是双宾语动词 如 give pass show等 变被动语态时 只把其中一个宾语变为主语 另一个宾语保留不动 称作保留宾语 若保留宾语是指人 前面要加上介词 to eg heshowedmehisphotos iwasshownhisphotos or hisphotoswereshowntome morewordsgivesbsth givesth tosbshowsbsbsth showsth tosbpasssbsbsth passsth tosbsendsbsbsth sendsth tosbbringsbsbsth bringsth tosbtellsbsbsth tellsth tosb 3 如主动语态的动词是双宾语动词如buy make等 变被动语态时 只把其中一个宾语变为主语 另一个宾语保留不动 若保留的宾语是指人 前面要加上介词for e gheboughtmeapen apenwasboughtforme 或iwasboughtapen getsbsbsth getsth forsbbuysbsbsth buysth forsbmakesbsbsth makesth forsbmendsbsbsth mendsth forsbcooksbsbsth cooksth forsb 4 只有及物动词才能用于被动语态 不及物动词不能用于被动语态 但相当于一个及物动词的动词短语可用于被动语态 但在变被动语态时 注意不要丢掉词组末尾的介词或副词 eg thedoctorlookedovertheoldwomancarefully theoldwomanwaslookedoverbythedoctorcarefully attention 五 什么情况下没有被动语态 1 当系动词feel look smell taste sound等后面接形容词时无被动语态 thefish taste good doyoulikethematerial yes it feel verysoft thepopmusic sound beautiful tastes feels sounds 2一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态 如 happen takeplace last have 有 appear disappear cost comeout这本书已经出版许多次了 thebookhasalreadycomeoutmanytimes 2 我家乡已发生了巨大的变化 greatchangeshavealreadytakenplaceinmyhometown 3 会议持续了30分钟 themeetinglastedfor30minutes 当堂检测 完成跟踪练习5 6 7p167一三题 choosethebestanswer 1 anewbook mebyhimyesterday a isgiventob wasgivenc wasgiventod gaveto2 don tworrry thejob twohours a canbefinishedinb wasfinishedforc canfinishind canbefinishedafter3 usuallytheclassroom twiceaday butnobody thefloorthismorning a iscleaned wassweptb cleans wassweptc iscleaned sweptd iscleaned sweeps4 i atfivethismorning soiamverytirednow a waswakingb waswokenc wakeupd waswokenup c a c c d 5 he me therewithhimlastnight a wasasked togob asked togoc wasasked god asked go6 theystayedhere april a inb sincec ford on7 we apicniclastwednesday a toldtohaveb weretoldtohavec weretoldhimtohaved weretoldtonothave8 who thefoodonthetable tom a ateupb waseatenupc eatsupd waseatingup9 todaymanytreesarebeingcutinourcountry somoretrees a mustplantb mustbeplantc mustbeplanteda mustbetoplant b b a b c a 10 thehomework thedayaftertomorrow a may behandedinb maybe handedinc may handind may behanded11 mypencil thedaybeforeyesterday a foundb wasfoundc wasfoundedd isfound12 thescientisthasworkedonthemathsproblemforthreedayswithouthavingarest sohe verytirednow a mustbeb maybec canbed needbe13 theworkers muchheavyworkeachday a madetodob weremadetodoc weremadedod madehimtodo a a b a b 1 itwasquitehardforthedogtogo 通过 thesmallhole 2 look what s 发生 overthere 3 isawhimwalk 经过 theteachers office 4 iknowtheboy 叫 mike 5 theletterwas 写 tothemlastnight 6 newspapersare 看 everyday 7 theballwas 扔 tohimandhecaughtit 8 theyare 砍 downsometrees 9 mikeandtomwanttobe 士兵 inthefuture 10 thebookcanbe 借 foraweek 11 werethey 用于