高考英语一轮复习 话题语篇专攻练13 史地博览（二）外研版.doc

话题语篇专攻练13史地博览(二)(建议用时35分钟). 阅读理解anot too big, not too small. not too hot, not too cold. a newly discovered planet looks just right for life as we know it, according to an international group of astronomers. circling a star about 500 light years away, the planet called kepler-186f is about the same size as earth. it goes round its star at the right distance for liquid water on the surface. that is a necessary condition for life. but it is not exactly like earth, its more of an earths cousin. its not an earths twin. it shares the same characteristics as earth, but their parent stars are very different. kepler-186f circles a star that is smaller and cooler than our sun. but the planet appears to be a closer relative than most of the hundreds of others discovered so far. some are huge gas-covered giants with thick atmospheres. others circle too closely to their stars and are too hot for life. for the first time, we can actually say we now have a planet that is both earth-sized and circles in its stars livable zone. the next step would be to look for signs of life in the atmospheres of these distant world. that would take a more advanced telescope. but budget cuts threaten that task, says university of california at los angeles astrophysicist ben. “in theory, we could do this in the next couple of decades. but in practice, because theres no money, its not going to happen. its not going to happen in my lifetime, for example, ”said ben. however, nasas elisa quintana believes that when the next-generation space telescope is used, it will find that we are not alone in the universe. in the meantime, the search continues for other worlds where life may find a home. 【文章大意】本文介绍了一个新发现的适合生命生存的星球。1. what do we know about the newly discovered planet? a. it was discovered by chance. b. it has some form of life on it. c. it has suitable conditions for life. d. it is an ordinary planet like others. 【解析】选c。细节理解题。根据第一段a newly discovered planet looks just right for life as we know it. . . 可知, 这个星球适合生命生存。2. the difference between earth and kepler-186f is that_. a. they circle different parent starsb. they came into being at different timesc. they move in space at a different speedd. they orbit their stars at a different distance【解析】选a。细节理解题。根据第二段it shares the same characteristics as earth, but their parent stars are very different. 可知它们的不同在于它们围绕着不同的恒星旋转。3. the discovery of kepler-186f is remarkable because_. a. man has discovered a new homeb. it caused peoples interest in the universec. man has found a familiar planet like earthd. it can help man know more about earth【解析】选c。推理判断题。根据第三段for the first time, we can actually say we now have a planet that is both earth-sized and circles in its stars livable zone. 可知这一发现的惊人之处在于这个星球与地球相似。4. what does ben worry about in the future research? a. lack of money. b. no cooperation. c. his coming old age. d. his weak influence. 【解析】选a。细节理解题。根据最后一段可知ben最为担忧的是研究资金的缺乏。bdragons, unicorns, yeti, weve all heard tales of many such mythical creatures, which people believed in until science proved otherwise. often, these stories were inspired by folklore, and sometimes by unexplained sightings. one such is the loch ness monster in scotland, popularly known as nessie. on 21st april 1934, a doctor from london saw something strange in loch ness(a large lake in the scottish highlands)and quickly took a picture. the image evidently contained a mysterious head and neck extending out from the water. known as the surgeons photograph, it soon became the most iconic symbol of the loch ness monster, even though it was exposed much later as a practical joke. a book published in the 7th century related a meeting between an irish monk and a beast in the nearby river ness. this is acknowledged to be the first report mentioning such a lake monster in the region. apart from one sighting recorded in the 19th century, all other reports available today occurred after 1933. some actually saw an extraordinary creature that was progressively described as a beast and a monster. many photographs and footage of nessie were fiercely disputedindeed scientists and researchers managed to prove many of them as pranks. even two sonar images of nessie have caused a storm of debate. as recently as 2014, apples satellites captured an image in the loch. while some insisted it was a boat, others laughed at that citing the odd shape unlike any sailing vessel. loch ness is the second largest bay by surface area and the largest by volume. its deepest point is 812 feet below and has actually been named nessies lair! to top it off, the loch waters are unusually dark owing to high peat content. this simply deepens the mystery. this year, google employed a team of local divers and captured underwater footage as well. curiously, their photos also captured an image ofsomethingthat has the community buzzing! what could it be? it looks as though the legend of the loch ness monster will continue to charm many more in the years to come. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了关于尼斯湖水怪的历史, 以及人们对于它是否存在的争议和谷歌公司最近对于它的搜寻等情况。5. the third paragraph is mainly about_. a. the witness to nessieb. the history of nessiec. the reports of nessied. the appearance of nessie【解析】选b。段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知, 这一段主要介绍了尼斯湖水怪的一些简单历史记录。6. according to the text, the surgens photograph_. a. is a direct proof to nessies existenceb. represents the images of strange creaturesc. was proved to be a trick in the endd. is used as a doodle by google【解析】选c。细节理解题。结合第二段的known as the surgeons photograph, it soon became the most iconic symbol of the loch ness monster, even though it was exposed much later as a practical joke. 可知, 这张照片其实就是一个恶作剧。7. what contributed to the mystery of nessie? a. the sonar images of nessie. b. the photograph of nessie. c. the image from apples satellites. d. the dark waters of loch. 【解析】选d。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的to top it off, the loch waters are unusually dark owing to high peat content. this simply deepens the mystery. 可知这个湖的湖水异乎寻常的黑, 也为尼斯湖水怪之谜增添了神秘感。8. we can infer that nessies lair refers to_. a. a legendb. a creaturec. a doctord. a place【解析】选d。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的loch ness is the second largest bay by surface area and the largest by volume. its deepest point is 812 feet below and has actually been named nessies lair! 可知, 这个nessies lair其实就是loch ness最深的一个地方。9. what might be the most suitable title for the passage? a. the secret of nessie comes to light finally. b. google search for the loch ness monster. c. people try to catch the loch ness monster. d. nessie interests many people for a long time. 【解析】选d。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了关于尼斯湖中的尼斯湖水怪的一些基本情况, 人们对于它是否存在, 长期以来的争议和寻找证据的过程等情况。. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。how to become a top speakerif you are a student who wants to find a good job after graduation, you have to take a job interview and make a presentation or a speech. how to make yourself impressed and present an impressive speech in front of interviewers? what you should pay special attention to? here are some instructive suggestions: prepare: _1_in the words of mark twain, it usually takes more than three weeks to prepare a good speech. _2_you may be very high in iq and very good in writing, but always ensure you know the subject and have background information at hand for question time. know your audience: _3_clients, bankers, professors and managers, for example, require a different approach to that needed for classmates at an in-house gathering. practice: never meditate your speech in heart as your delivery will become stubborn. _4stay calm: a little nervous energy can enhance your speech, but too much can be disastrous. _5_take a deep breath and keep a clear head. if you follow the simple suggestions above, you would find that a public speaking or presentation is just a piece of cake. once its done, you may find that its a enjoyable process so that you may have desire to make more speeches. a. know your subject. b. but do practice it a few times in front of the mirror. c. plan ahead and think about what you are going to say. d. creating a personal relationship with your audience is a skill. e. do not rely on alcohol for help, no matter how much you need dutch courage. f. find out who you will be addressing so that you can adjust your comment accordingly. g. putting your arms down will distract your listeners but natural movements can enhance meaning. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何成为一名优秀的演讲者。1. 【解析】选c。本段的主题就是准备, 并且在横线后举了马克吐温的例子, c项“提前计划好想想该说什么”符合语境, 故选c。2. 【解析】选a。本段主要讲的是了解主题并且掌握一些问题的信息, a项“了解你的主题”概括具体, 符合语境, 并且subject是线索特征词, 故选a。3. 【解析】选f。本段的主题是了解你的听众, 与f项“查明你演讲的对象是谁, 这样好相应地调整你的评论”符合语境, 并且文章中的clients, bankers, professors and managers都属于听众类的, 故选f。4. 【解析】选b。本段主要介绍了练习, b项“但是你一定要在镜子前多练习”符合语境, 其中文中的practice是线索特征词, 故选b。5. 【解析】选e。横线后说深吸一口气保持清醒的头脑与e项“无论你需要多大的勇气, 都不要依靠酒精”形成语义上转折, 故选e。. 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除: 把多余的词用斜线( )画掉。修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。last saturday, i went to visit the museum with my classmates. we were interesting in dinosaurs, but we came to