罗宾斯《管理学》第九版题库13.doc

Chapter 13 Managing Change and InnovationTrue/False QuestionsWHAT IS CHANGE?1.Change is an organizational reality.True (easy)2.Organizational change can be alteration in people, structure, or technology.True (moderate)FORCES FOR CHANGE3.The marketplace is an external force of change.True (moderate)4.The change in demand for health care technicians is an example of an economic change.False (difficult)5.Economic changes are an internal force of change.False (moderate)6.Any manager can be a change agent.True (moderate)TWO VIEWS OF THE CHANGE PROCESS7.The calm waters approach to change would be consistent with Lewins concept of unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.True (difficult)8.In the white-water rapids metaphor of change, managers should expect change at any time, and it may last for unspecified lengths of time.True (moderate)MANAGING CHANGE9.Change threatens the investment youve already made in the status quo.True (easy)10.One reason people resist change is that is substitutes ambiguity for uncertainty.False (difficult)11.The managers options for change essentially fall into three categories: structure, technology, and product.False (difficult)12.Computerization is a technological change that replaces people with machines.False (moderate)13.Probably the most visible technology changes in recent years have come through managers efforts to expand corporate financing.False (moderate)14.Sensitivity training is a method of changing behavior through unstructured group interaction.True (easy)15.Organizational cultures tend to resist change.True (moderate)16.Techniques to change people and the quality of interpersonal work relationships are termed organizational development.True (moderate)17.Cultural change is easier when the organizational culture is strong.False (easy)18.The first step in accomplishing organizational cultural change is to initiate a reorganization.False (moderate)CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN MANAGING CHANGE19.Cooptation refers to covert attempts to influence.False (moderate)20.Manipulation is using direct threats.False (moderate)21.A major disadvantage of coercion is that it is frequently illegal.True (moderate)22.Negotiation refers to covert attempts to influence, twisting and distorting facts or withholding information.False (moderate)23.In cooptation, an organization seeks to buy off the leaders of a resistance group by giving them a key role in the change decision.True (moderate)24.Never negotiate with employees as a means of overcoming resistance to change.False (moderate)25.The first step in changing organizational culture is to conduct a cultural analysis.True (easy)26.In process reengineering, a company drastically changes its structure, technology, and people by starting from scratch in reexamining the way the organizations work is done.True (moderate)27.Stress is a dynamic condition a person faces when confronted with an opportunity, constraint, or demand related to what he or she desires and for which the outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and important.True (moderate)28.In terms of organizational factors, any attempt to lower stress levels has to begin with employee selection.True (moderate)MANAGING WORKFORCE DIVERSITY29.The Paradox of Diversity is described as situations in which limitations are placed upon diverse individuals by strong organizational cultures. True (moderate)STIMULATING INNOVATION30.Creativity is the process of taking an idea and turning it into a useful product, service, or method of operation.False (difficult)Multiple ChoiceA MANAGERS DILEMMA31.According to the company profile in “A Managers Dilemma,” which of the following branded products does Panamerican Beverages, Inc sell in Latin America?a. Pepsib. Coca-Cola (moderate)c. Ocean Sprayd. Gatoradee. Evian32.According to the company profile in “A Managers Dilemma,” Francisco Sanchez-Loaeza, Panamcos Chairman and CEO, attributes all of the following organizational factors as important to the companys success EXCEPT:a. centralized management philosophy (moderate)b. logistical expertisec. innovative merchandising strategiesd. excellent financial stewardshipe. decentralized management philosophyWHAT IS CHANGE?33.Being a manager, with no environmental uncertainty or threat of competitors new products, would be simple without any _.ernment regulations.b.unions.c.diversity.d.cultural differences.e.change. (moderate)FORCES FOR CHANGE34.Which of the following is not an external force of change?ernment laws and regulationsc.technologyd.economic changese.work force (moderate)35.The Americans With Disabilities Act is an example of which of the following forms of environmental change?ernment laws and regulations (moderate)d.labor marketse.economic36.Changing human resource activities to attract and retain health care specialists due to increased needs for those workers is an example of what kind of environmental change factor?a.marketplaceb.technologyc.labor markets (difficult)ernment laws and regulations37.Falling interest rates would most stimulate what change factor for a manager?ernment laws and regulationsc.labor marketsd.economic (easy)e.technology38.Which of the following is not an internal force of change?a.technology (moderate)b.strategyc.work forced.employee attitudese.equipment39.What change factor did Harley-Davidson motorcycles react to in its turnaround of production quality control and modernization?a.technologyb.externalc.work forced.equipmente.strategy (difficult)40.Increasing the numbers of employed women and minorities forces managers to pay attention to what change factor?a.strategyb.work force (moderate)c.equipmentd.technologye.employee attitudes41.Labor strikes are an example of what change factor that may encourage a change in management thinking and practices?a.work forceb.equipmentc.employee attitudes (easy)ernment laws and regulations42.In organizations, people who act as catalysts and assume responsibility for managing the change process, are called _.a.change masters.b.change agents. (moderate)c.operations managers.d.charismatic leaders.e.transformational leaders.43.In an organization, who is usually the change agent?a.CEOb.executive vice-presidentc.any manager or nonmanager (difficult)d.any competitore.union leaders44.In spurring organizational change, outside consultants are usually more _, while internal managers may be more _.a.drastic; thoughtful (moderate)b.highly paid; riskyc.resistant; boldd.cautious; erested; scaredTWO VIEWS OF THE CHANGE PROCESS45.Lewins theory is consistent with which view of organizational change?a.continuousb.contemporaryc.Mayosd.calm waters (moderate)e.change in the 1990s46.Who theorized the change process involving unfreezing, changing, and refreezing?a.Druckerb.Robbinsc.Lewin (easy)d.Mayoe.Lawler47.According to Kurt Lewin, which of the following is not a stage in the change process?a. unfreezingb. changingc. refreezingd. restraining (moderate)48.According to Kurt Lewin, increasing the driving forces, which direct behavior away from the status quo, is a means of doing which of the following?a.unfreezing (moderate)b.changingc.restraining forcesd.refreezinge.melting49.Which of the following terms best describes the two primary views of the change process?blematic, encouragedb.occasional, continuous (difficult)c.costly, conservatived.optimistic, pessimistice.reactive, proactive50.Which of the following is the objective of refreezing, according to Lewin?a.directs behavior away from the status quob.hinders movement away from existing equilibriumc.changes to a new environmentd.eliminates the need for future changee.stabilize the new situation (moderate)51.According to the text, the _ is consistent with uncertain and dynamic environments.a. calm-waters metaphorb. white-water rapids metaphor (moderate)c. contemporary metaphord. continuous metaphore. cultural metaphor52.A manager who comes to work every morning expecting that today will definitely bring new challenges from competitors, the work force, etc., views organizational change in what way?a.pragmaticb.continuous (moderate)c.pessimisticd.reactivee.occasional53.According to the text, managers in such businesses as wireless telecommunications, computer software, and womens high-fashion clothing have long confronted the _.a. calm-waters metaphorb. white-water rapids metaphor (moderate)c. contemporary metaphord. continuous metaphore. cultural metaphorMANAGING CHANGE54.As _, managers should be motivated to initiate change because they are committed to improving their organizations effectiveness.a.change agents (difficult)b.efficiency cess consultantse.reengineering specialists.55.Managers options for change essentially fall into what three categories?a.environment, technology, and missionb.structure, technology, and people (difficult)c.mission, structure, and peopled.mission, environment, and processe.environment, attitudes, and processes56.According to the text, “changing structure” includes alteration in any of the following EXCEPT:a. authority relations.b. coordination mechanisms.c. degree of centralization.d. job redesign.e. technology (moderate)57.Which of the following is not a part of organizational structure?a.work specializationb.departmentalizationc.chain of commandd.formalizatione.work processes (difficult)58.If an organization increases the span of control, what factor is being focused on in an organizational change?a.structure (difficult)b.peoplec.technologyd.strategye.human resources59.A company that decides to decentralize its sales procedures is managing what change category?petitorse.structure (moderate)60.According to the text, competitive factors or new innovations within an industry often require managers to introduce all of the following EXCEPT:a. new equipment.b. new tools.c. new operating methods.d. new employees (moderate)61._ is a technological change that replaces people with machines.a.Operationsb.Organizational developmentc.Automation (moderate)d.Roboticse.Downsizing62.Probably the most visible technological changes in recent years have come through managers efforts to expand _.a. corporate financing.b. organizational culture.c. computerization.d. employee retention.63.When grocery stores installed scanners to read the product price, this was an example of managing what change category?a.technology (moderate)petitorsd.structuree.laws and regulations64.If Kraft Foods hired a consultant to decrease group friction and enhance cooperative work relationships, this would be an example of managing what change category?a.technologyb.people (difficult)petitorsd.structuree.laws and regulations65.Techniques to change people and the quality of interpersonal work relationships are termed _.anizational development. (moderate)c.downsizing.d.robotics.e.automation.66._ is a method of changing behavior through unstructured group interaction.a.Survey feedbackb.Organizational developmentc.Sensitivity training (moderate)d.Process consultatione.Team building67.According to the text, an individual is likely to resist change because of all of the following reasons EXCEPT:a. uncertainty.b. increased productivity. (easy)c. concern over personal loss.d. belief that the change is not in the organizations best interest.68.Which of the following reactions to change is a threat to the investment you have already made in the status quo?a.uncertaintyb.freezingc.change is not good for the organizationd.concern over personal loss (moderate)e.refreezing69.Which of the reasons for resistance to change may be beneficial to the organization?a.uncertaintyb.freezingc.change is not good for the organization (difficult)d.refreezinge.concern over personal loss70.All of the following are mentioned in the text as actions that managers can use to deal with resistance to change EXCEPT:a. education and communication.b. diversification (moderate)c. participation.d. facilitation and support.e. negotiation.71.Which of the following techniques for reducing resistance to change is based on the belief that, if employees receive the full facts and clarifications, they will no longer be resistant?cation and communication (easy)b.participationc.facilitation and supportd.negotiatione.manipulation and cooptation72.If K-mart has employees serving on the committee to decide what color the new uniform colors should be, this is an example of what tactic for reducing change resistance?cation and communicationb.manipulation and cooptationc.participation (easy)d.facilitation and supporte.coercion73.If a bank offers personal and financial counseling to employees prior to an upcoming downsizing, this is an example of what kind of tactic for reducing change resistance?cation and communicationb.coercionc.manipulation and cooptationd.negotiatione.facilitation and support (moderate)74.If management offers the union guaranteed wage hikes and a no-layoff promise in exchange for help in implementing a new production process, this would be an example of what kind of tactic for reducing change resistance?a.participationb.facilitation and supportc.coerciond.negotiation (difficult)e.manipulation and cooptation75.If a state legislator purposely misrepresents public employee wages to the citizens in order to apply downward wage pressure in the collective bargaining process, this would be an example of what kind of tactic for reducing change resistance?cation and communicatione.manipulation (difficult)76._ refers to covert attempts to influence, twisting and distorting facts or withholding information.a.Negotiationb.Coercionc.Cooptationd.Education and communicatione.Manipulation (moderate)77.Buying off the leader of a resistance group in order to get his/her endorsement is an example of what kind of tactic for reducing change resistance?cation and tation (moderate)e.facilitation and support78._ is using direct threats or force on those who resist change.a.Negotiationb.Coercion (moderate)c.Cooptationd.Education and communicatione.Manipulation79.A manager who threatens to ruin an employees name in the company if he/she does not cooperate with an impending organizational change is using what kind of tactic for reducing change resistance?a.negotiationb.coercion (moderate)c.manipulation and cation and communicatione.facilitation and supportMANAGING YOUR CAREER80.According to the boxed feature, “Managing Your Career,” all of the following are examples of means in which individuals can reinvent themselves EXCEPT:a. take advantage of continuing education or graduate courses at local colleges.b. sign up for workshops and seminars that can help enhance personal skills.c. depend on the organization to provide career development and training opportunities. (moderate)d. voice concerns in a constructive manner.81.Which of the following represents the relationship between organizational culture and change?a.Culture and change are naturally compatible.b.Culture tends to be very resistant to change. (moderate)c.Culture can change in months but not weeks.d.Culture can never be purposely changed.e.There is no relationship between culture and change.82.Which of the following is not a favorable situational condition that may facilitate change in organizational culture?a.A dramatic crisis occurs.b.The culture is weak.c.Stock price sharply falls. (moderate)d.The organization is young and small.e.Leadership changes hands.83.Which of the following is the first step in accomplishing organizational cultural change?a.Appoint new leadership with a new vision.b.Initiate a reorganization.c.Conduct a cultural analysis. (moderate)d.Change the selection and socialization process.e.Introduce new stories and rituals to convey the new mission.84.Which of the following is the last step in accomplishing organizational cultural change?a.Make it clear that change is necessary to organizational survival.b.Introduce new stories and rituals to convey new vision.c.Appoint new lead