重点单词详解--七上--个人总结版.docx

七年级上册重点单词短语详解第一单元1.Choose ,vt,选择，挑选，-chose-chosenchoose to do sth 选择做某事,choose from 从中选择N. Choice 选择，make a choice/ make choices 做选择例句：There are several books to choose from. We should make a quick choice,for the danger is drawing near.2.Opinion,n.观点，意见， in ones opinion/view 依某人之见As far as Im concerned 在我看来例句： In my opinion,protecting our environment is the duty of everyone.3.Agree，vi，同意，赞同，agreed-agreedagree with sb 与某人看法一致disagree with sb 不同意某人的观点N. Agreement 协议，reach an agreement 达成协议I agree with you.I cant agree more.我非常赞同你的看法。4.Move, vt/vi/n., 搬动，移动，搬家，使感动/动作,举动-moved-movedN. Movement 动作，运动（如五四运动）Adj. Moving 感人的，令人感动的例句：He moved away last week. I have never read such a moving story. His words moved me so much. This move will make a good result in the chess competition. 5.Clear,adj,清澈的，清楚的 vt.扫除，清除 Adv. Clearly 清澈地，明白地 Unclear 不清楚的，不清晰的比较级和最高级：clearer, clearest常见短语：clear the name of 澄清某人的名声 Clear ones throat 清嗓 Clear the way for 为扫清道路 Clear ones mind 清醒头脑例句：It is clear that he hates you.很明显，他讨厌你。 The runway is clear.跑道畅通无阻。 She has clear blue eyes.她有一双清亮的眼睛。 Clear your mind, we will have a test.保持头脑清醒，我们要考试了。 Speakers always clear their throats before a speech.演讲者在开讲前总是要清嗓。6.Change, vt/vi 变化，改变 N. 变化 Adj. Changeable 多变的，易变的例句：The weather in summer is changeable. Great changes have taken place since the reform.自改革以来发生了很大的变化。 We should change the way we live to improve（改善，提高） the condition（条件） of our shared environment. 我们应该改变我们的生活方式以改善我们共同的环境条件。 7.Lose,vt 失去，丢失，迷失-lost-lostN. Loser 失败者Adj. 迷路的，迷失的 Lose ones way迷路例句：He lost his way home yesterday. He get lost in the forest.同意词对比学习：gone(表示一去不复返) Missing 缺失的，失踪的 Lost 迷路的，迷失的，丢失的例句：My fever is gone, but I still have a cough.1.lose在作“丢失”解时，表示“失而难以复得”或“失而无法复得”的意思。miss是指“发觉某物不见”。2.lost: 有两个用法， 一个是表语定语， 意思是迷路。Missing: 用作表语定语I get lost-我迷路了。 The police found the lost boy at last.警察找回了迷路的男孩。 The police found the missing boy.警察找回了失踪的男孩。 My books are missing. Who has taken them away?我的书不见了。谁会拿走了呢？ The missing word is the key to the sentence.缺失的这个词是这句话的关键。8.Used to do sth 过去，常常做某事区别学习：be used to do sth 被用于做某事 Be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事例句：He used go to school by bus. He is used to getting up early. Wood is used to make paper.9. enough, adj. 足够的enough + n. I dont have enough money. Adj/adv. + Enough The room is large enough to hold ten people. He is careful enough to find out mistakes. David writes carefully enough to avoid making mistakes.10.set out (to do sth) 出发，动身，开始做某事He decided to set out to do the project(项目).Set about doing sth 开始做某事Set off 使爆炸，出发Set up 建立，创立/ establish , found, buildSet up ones mind to do sth/make up ones mind to do sth 下定决心做某事Decide to do sth 下定决心做某事11.step, n. 步骤，步伐; vi, 踩，踏 Step by step 一步一步，逐步 Step into 踏入，涉足，插手，干预We should take it step by step.The project has stepped into the second stage. 这个项目已经进行到第二阶段了。12.look after 照看，照料 Take (good) care of 好好照看 Care for = like =be fond of 喜爱 = be willing to do sth = wish to do sth= like to do (常用于否定句及疑问句，尤其与would连用更常见)1)She doesnt care for that colour她不喜欢那种颜色。2)She did not care for him她不喜欢他。 （2）take care of；look after 照顾(1)As an orphan，he is cared for by the local authorities他是个孤儿，受到当地政府的照顾。(2)He spent years caring for his sick mother他数年中一直在照顾生病的母亲。Look 的常见短语look up 向上看，查找You can look up words in the dictionary.Look up to sb 尊敬某人I look up to him for his contribution(贡献) to the world development.Look down on/upon sb 鄙视某人Look into 向里看，调查，注视的内部或深处，Look for 寻找look forward to doing /sth. （殷切地，愉快地）期待，希望look like似乎是；看起来像look over 对审阅；粗略地看；翻阅 look out 小心,当心；向外看look through 透过看（尤指空隙或透明物体等）；（从头到尾）初略地翻阅13. wood, n. 木，木材 （不可数名词）a piece of wood 一块木头Wooden, adj. 木质的；woolen,羊毛的Woods, n. 丛林14. build, vt 建造，建筑 ,n. Building,建筑物，建筑。Build- built-builtBuild up 树立， Build up confidence 树立信心第二单元1. National, adj. 国家的，国民n. nation 国家，名族； n. nationality国籍2. decorate, vt 装饰，装潢N. Decoration 装饰，装饰品Decorate A with B 用B装饰A （被动结构A be decorated with B)例句：The classroom is decorated with many beautiful flowers for the coming Youth Day. We decorate our school with flowers, balloon and national flags.3. Celebrate -celebration Invite - invitation; make/send an invitation 发出邀请; accept an invitation 接受邀请; decline an invitation 拒绝邀请Invite sb to sw/dinner/ do sth 邀请某人去某地/晚餐/做某事Mary has invited all her classmates to her birthday party. 玛丽已经邀请了全班同学去参加她的生日会。He has invited me to join his travel club. 他已经邀请我加入到他的驴友俱乐部。4. Develop, v 发展，使发达N. Development; adj. Developing 发展中的, developed 发达的例句：China is a developing country, but the USA is a developed country. Their development is quite different.5. rich,adj. 有钱的，丰富的，富饶的; the rich 富人Rich- richer- richestV. Enrich 使丰富，富饶同意词：Wealthy 富裕的- wealth 财富N.Traveling can enrich our experiences（作为经历，体验的意思是可数名词，作为经验讲是不可数名词）.6. life, 生命，生活指的是某种生活方式- 可数名词They live a rich life.泛指生活- 不可数名词- country life 乡村生活泛指生命- 不可数Stone has no life. 石头没有生命。指的是一条两条具体的人命- 可数名词The fire has killed thousands of lives.7.hold, vt 容纳，举行，握住 holdheldheld (过去式和过去分词的变化)Hold a meeting 举行会议 hold ones hand 握住某人的手Hold on 坚持住，稍等片刻The room can hold ten people. 这个房间可以容纳10人。8.die deaddeath have/has been deadthe dead(指的是死去的人) Die died dying His father died three years ago, though he knows his father has been dead for three years, he still cant stand losing him, his fathers death made him very sad.他的父亲已故三年了，虽然他知道他的父亲已经离开三年了，但是他仍然不能忍受失去他的痛苦，他父亲的死让他非常的伤心。9. honour n. 敬意，荣誉 vt 向表示敬意，给以荣誉In honour of 为庆祝，向 表示敬意Your presence honours me so much. 你的出席让我倍感荣幸。In honour of the victory, lets propose a toast to it. 为了庆祝胜利，让我们举杯。10. lucklucky luckilyunlucky,不幸的- unluckily 不幸地Luckily/unluckily通常用到句首 lucky money 压岁钱May you a good luck! 祝你幸运！Im so lucky to have you come. 你来我感觉幸运。Unluckily，和lost his wallet on his way to school, he is unlucky.11. need vt/n Need 作为实义动词 need sth ; dont/doesnt need sth; need to do sth; dont/doesnt need to do sth （牢记情态动词后面用动词原形）He needs some help. You need to buy a new bike.Do you need to have a rest.She doesnt need your help, she can manage it herself.Need 作为情态动词 neednt do sth; need sb do sth?He neednt go with you.Need you have a rest?对must 的问句的否定回答用needntMust I finish the work today?Yes, you must.No, you neednt/dont have to第三单元1. attend vt 出席，参加Attend a class 上课 attend a meeting 出席会议，参加会议Absent, adj. 缺席的，不在的 ; be absent from absence (n.) He was absent from school last week. 他上周没有上学。Your absence made me feel unhappy. 你的缺席让我感到不愉快。2.tour n/vi,vt Tourtourist (游客，旅游的) - tourism 旅游业A package tour 包价旅游，一揽子旅游Tour guide 导游 tourist guide 旅游指南The place has attracted millions of tourists this year. Many of them choose to book a package tour .With a good tour guide, you dont need any tourist guide.这个地方今年已经吸引了成百上千万的游客，他们中的许多人选择订购包价旅游。在导游的引导下，你不需要任何旅游指南。3.cost vt 价钱为，使花费（金钱，时间）- 物做主语 n. 价钱，费用，成本costcost- costThe book cost me ten yuan.How much does it cost?Take 做花费的意思时，常用结构Take- -took- takenIt takes/ took sb + 时间/金钱+ to do sth 做花费某人多少时间或金钱It took me ten years to finish the project. 完成这个项目花费了我十年的时间。Spendspentspent (人做主语)Spendspent- spent常用结构：spend time/money on sth; spend time/money in doing sth (in可以省略) 花费时间金钱在 花费时间金钱做He spent three years on his invention. 他花了三年的时间在他的发明上。She spent 10 million yuan making the machine. 她花费了一千万制作这个机器。Pay 支付（人做主语）Paypaid- paid常用结构：pay money for sth 买某物花了多少钱 Pay sb money for sth 买某物付费某人多少钱 Pay for sb 替某人付钱 Pay for sth 付.的钱 Pay back 偿还 pay off 还清She paid 100 dollars for the woolen coat. He always pays for her.You should pay all the money back, or you will be in prison.你需要还请所有的钱，不然你会坐牢。4. famous , adj Be famous/ well-known for 因 出名/ 著名Be famous as/well-known as 作为而出名 例句：He is famous for his great works. 他因他的作品而出名。 He is famous as a poet. 他作为诗人而出名。5.arrive, vi 到达 n. arrival常用表达：arrive at +小地点; arrive in+大地点; 相同表达：get to +地点 reach+地点He arrived at the town yesterday.Mr.Li arrived in the Pudong International Airport yesterday.6.far, adj./adv 远（的）（1）用作形容词，表示“遥远的”，通常不与具体数字连用。如：车站离这儿有两公里远。误：The station is two kilometers far (away) from here. 正：The station is two kilometers away from here. far from与away from用法的区别Nanjing is about 305km _Shanghai.A. away to B. away from C. far from答：选B.分析如下：1. 在far from短语中，far 是虚指，其前不能有具体的数字。2. away from前常与具体的数字连用，或与far连用（即far away from)，或与具体的动词连用， 如：stay away from, keep away from,.3. 在此句中，far from实际上就是far away from省略away而成。4. 当然，far from还有“并不，很不，远远不，远非（如此），恰恰相反”等意思，在这时就没有必要理解为far away from的省略形式了。 如：But the reality is far from that.但事实却远非如此。He is far from well.他并不健康。The project is far from perfect.这项企划很不完美。（2） 用作副词，可用来修饰动词、副词、介词短语、比较级、最高级、以及与 too(太)连用等。如：Did you drive far? 你开车走了很远吗?They didnt walk far. 他们没有走多远。He is far past fifty. 他大大超过了五十岁。He worked far into the night. 他工作到深夜。My friend lives far away off. 我的朋友住在很远。He is far more careful than I am. 他比我仔细得多。He runs far faster than you. 他比你跑得快得多。It is far the best film that Ive ever seen. 那是我看过的最最好的电影。He was at the station far too early. 他去车站去得太早。7. 东南西北等方向East; south; west; north （依次为东南西北）Southeast; southwest; northeast; northwest（东南，西南，东北，西北）形容词形式在词末+ern, eastern, southern在哪个方向- in the +方向Shanghai lies in the east of China.8.attract vt, 吸引- attraction(n.) 有吸引力的人或事attractive 迷人的，吸引人的(adj.)The place is a tourist attraction, it has attracted millions of tourists, for it is very attractive.9.safe, adj. 安全的，平安的- safety(n.) safely(adv.)His safety is very important, we must keep him safe. He must arrive in his country safely.第四单元1.bored, adj. 无聊的，使人厌烦的（人做主语）Be bored with 厌倦Boring, adj. 令人厌烦的，无趣的，无聊的（物做主语）His father has been bored with his work for a long time. For his work is very boring.类似的词interested 使人感兴趣的 , interesting 令人兴奋的，有趣的。 Be interested in sth 对感兴趣; be interested in doing sth 对做感兴趣He is interested in sports. He is interested in playing the piano.The book is quite interesting.2.finish, vt 完成，结束Finish doing sth He has finished decorating his sisters room.拓展：mind doing sth 介意做某事；advise doing sth 建议做某事(advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事)；practice doing sth 练习做某事；have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth 做有困难；avoid doing sth 避免做某事3. instead, adv.反而，却，取而代之Instead of +sth/doing sth 没有He didnt go to the park, he saw a film instead.他没有去公园，而是去看电影了。Instead of going to the park, he saw a film./He saw a film instead of going to the park.4.alone, adj./adv 单独，独自He is alone. 他孤身一人。He always walks alone in the forest to feel the nature.他总是一个人在森林里走，感受大自然。区别于lonely的用法（心灵上的孤单）- loneliness (n.)When he is alone, he always feels lonely.当他一个人的时候总是感觉孤单。5.wake, vi/vt 醒，叫醒 wokewoken/ wakedwakedWake up,醒来，叫醒Awake, adj 醒着的（做表语的形容词，常和be动词连用）Wake him up quickly, or well miss the bus.He is awake.他是醒的。6.such 和 so 的用法Such a/an+adj. + n.单数= so +adj. +a/an +n. 单数Such+ adj. + n. 复数Such+ adj. + n.不可数名词（weather, news,