小学英语语法入门.doc

小学英语语法入门（三）人名+s的用法（二）1. 人名+s是人名与is的缩写,表示XXX是。2. 人名+s是名词所有格，表示XXX的。3. 人名+s是人名与has的缩写，表示XXX有。e.g. 1. Simons got a big bag.(Simon有一个大书包。) 2. Lilys got a brother and two sisters.(Lily有一个哥哥和两个妹妹。)练习：翻译下列句子1. Toms dad is at home. 2. Jims at home today.3. Im Jims dad. 4. Eves on a hill.5. Li Leis got a pet dog. 6. Kates in a bus. 7. Mikes pen is in the pencil-box. 8. Coys home is in England. 9. Lucys got a good father. 10. Toms at home.如何变特殊疑问句（四）1. 对长度提问用How longe.g. 1. The Great Wall is thousands of kilometers. How long is the Great Wall? 2. The Changjiang River is about twelve thousand Li long. How long is the Changjiang River?2. 对人口数量提问用How big is+地名？e.g. 1. Beijing has got about 14 million people. How big is Beijing? 2. New York has got 8 million people. How big is New York?练习： 1. The Yellow River is about 5thousand 4hundred kilometers long.2. Shanghai has got about 17 million people.3. Heilongjiang is about four thousand three hundred kilometers long.4. San Francisco has got about eight hundred thousand people.方位名词与方位介词1. 方位名词NNWNEWESSWSEN means north, S means south, W means west and E means east. NE means northeast, SE means southeast, NW means northwest and SW means southwest.mean代表，意思是 north/北 south/s南 west/西 east/东2. 方位介词：包含in， 接壤on， 相望toe.g. 1. B is in the north of A. (B在A的北部)ABCDEFGHIJ 2. C is in the west of A. (C在A的西部) 3. F is on the north of A. (F在的北边) 4. I is on the south of G. (在的南边) 5. G is to the west of A. (在的西边) 6. H is to the east of A. (在的东边)练习一：翻译下列句子. 北京在中国的北部。 2. 上海在中国的东部。 3. 旧金山在美国的西部。 4. 海南在中国的南部。 5. 日本在中国的东边。 6. Russia（俄罗斯）在中国的北边。练习二：看右图，用正确的方位名词或方位介词填空。 1. E is the south of A. 2. D is in the of A. 3. G is the north of I. 4. G is the west of C. 5. J is the northeast of A.There be 句型一、 There be+sb（某人）/sth（某物）+someplace（某处），表示在某地有某人或某物，当be后是单数名词时，be用is，后面是复数名词时be用are。e.g. 1. There is a bird in the tree. (在树上有一只鸟。) 2. There is a book on the desk. (在桌子上有一本书。) 3. There are two boys on the hill. (在山上有两个男孩。)练习一：仿照例句翻译下列句子 1. There is a pencil in the pencil-box. 2. There are some footballs on the playground. 3. 在桌子里有一个书包。 4. 在椅子上有一个茶杯。 5. 在六年二班有27个女孩。二、There be+sb/sth+doing+someplace. 表示有某人或某物正在某地做某事。e.g. 1. There is a man swimming in the river. (有一个男人正在河里游泳。) 2. There are some people riding bicycles. (有一些人正在骑自行车。)练习二：翻译下列句子 1. There is a girl reading a book under the tree. 2. There is a woman listening to music. 3. There are two teachers talking in the office. 4. There is a man sitting on the chair.三、There be 句型变一般疑问句，只需要提前be，但有some要改成any。e.g. 1. There are some pears in the bag. Are there any pears in the bag? Yes, there are./No, there arent.2. There is a dog playing with Coy. Is there a dog playing with Coy? Yes, there is. /No, there isnt.练习三：变一般疑问句并作两种回答 1. There is a Chinatown in America. 2. There is some water in Mars. 3. There are some oranges in your bag.四、对此句型中的人提问用Whos+someplace? 对物提问用Whats +someplace?（注意：不论原句中be动词是单数还是复数，对人对物提问一律用is）e.g. 1. There is a little girl in the room. Whos in the room? 2. There are some birds in the tree. Whats in the tree?练习四：变特殊疑问句1. There is a man talking to Mr Li. 2. There are some books in my bag.3. There is a postcard on the desk. 4. There are some people talking under the tree.五、对地点提问用Where +is/are +sb/sth?e.g. 1 There are two boys in the classroom. Where are the two boys? 2. There is a cat on the bed. Where is the cat?(注意：对地点提问时be动词要和原句保持一致。原句中人或物如果是复数，变特殊疑问句时要在数字前加the，如果是单数要把a/an改成the,如果有some，lots of，a lot of，many等都要改成the。)练习五：变特殊疑问句 1. There is an orange on the chair. 2. There are four girls in the classroom. 3. There is a woman in the bus. 4. There are a Chinatown in America. 5. There are lots of boys and girls on the playground.国人变复数及形容词初中阶段国人变复数只需记住下面的顺口溜就可以了。中日友谊是一致，(a Chinese some Chinese a Japanese many Japanese)英法联盟a变e, (an Englishman some Englishmen a Frenchman a lot of Frenchmen)其余全部加s。 (an American some Americans a Canadian lots of Canadians )国名国人总称(谓语用复数）一个人两个人形容词 语言Chinathe Chinesea Chinese two Chinese Chinese ChineseAustralia the Australians an Australian two Australians Australian EnglishRussia the Russians a Russiantwo Russians Russian RussianItaly the Italians an Italian two Italians Italian ItalianFrance the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen French FrenchJapan the Japanesea Japanese two Japanese Japanese JapaneseAmericathe Americansan Americantwo Americans American EnglishCanada the Canadiansa Canadian two Canadians Canadian French/English England the Englishan Englishmantwo Englishmen English English India the Indians an Indian two Indians Indian EnglishGermanythe Germansa Germanstwo Germans German GermanSweden the Swedisha Swede two Swedes Swedish SwedishGreece the Greek a Greek two Greeks Greek GreekSwitzerland the Swissa Swiss two Swiss SwissAmerican FestivalsThere are lots of festivals in America, such as Thanksgiving, Christmas, Flag Day and so on.When are these festivals? What do people do on these days? Thanksgiving Day is on the fourth Thursday in November. On this day, people always have a big family dinner and say “Thank you.” for their food, family and friends. Flag Day is on June 14th. On this day, people always carry flags and sing songs. April Fools Day is on April 1st. People like to make fun of each other on April Fools Day. Christmas is an important holiday in the United States. Its on December 25th. On this day, there is always a Father Christmas. He gives presents to every child. Halloween is on the night of October 31st. It is a fun day mainly for children and they like to play pumpkin(南瓜) lantern