Order in a Paragraph[1].ppt

Writing Writing INTRODUCTION Nowthatyouhavelearnedhowtoachieveunityandcoherenceintheparagraph yournextconcernishowtoarrangeyourmaterialinanorderlyway Inthefollowingtwounits we llfocusonthemostcommonwaysofarrangingideasoritemsofinformation Whenyouwriteaparagraph youmaychoosetoarrangeyourmaterialaccordingtoanorderof time space logic Inthisunit we llfocusonthefirsttwo Timeorder Onelogicalwaytodevelopaparagraphistoarrangethesupportingdetailsinatimesequence fromthebeginningtothemiddletotheend Inthiskindofchronologicalorganization earlieroccurrencesprecedelaterones Inthiswaythewritervirtuallyleadsthereaderstepbysteptothecompletionofaneventbywell placedwordsoftransitionorclear cutinstructions Timeorderisusefulinexplainingaprocess inwritingabouthistoricalevents orintellingastory Youmayusespecifictransitionalexpressionslistedbelow firstinthefirstplacefirstlyattheverybeginning thennextinthenextplaceafterwardthereaftersometimelaterlateron onceyearsagointhepastbeforepreviouslyearlier suddenlyatthesametimemeanwhile when while until as atlastfinallyeventuallyattheend Examineparagraphs2 5ofthepassageandseehowittellsthestoryofthewriter sfatherinatimesequence Shedoesn tknowthis butitwasCamelsthatmyfather hergrandfather smoked Butbeforehesmokedcigarettesmadebymanufacturers whenhewasveryyoungandverypoor withglowingeyes hesmokedPrinceAlberttobaccoincigarettesherolledhimself Irememberthebright redtobaccotin withapictureofQueenVictoria spartner PrinceAlbert dressedinablackdresscoatandcarryingacane Bythelatefortiesandearlyfiftiesnoonerolledhisownanymore andfewwomensmoked inmyhometownofEatonton Georgia Thetobaccoindustry coupledwithHollywoodmoviesinwhichbothmaleandfemaleheroessmokedlikechimneys completelywonoverpeoplelikemyfather whowerehopelesslyhookedbycigarettes HeneverlookedasfashionableasPrinceAlbert though hecontinuedtolooklikeapoor overweight hardworkingcoloredmanwithtoolargeafamily black withaverywhitecigarettestuckinhismouth Idonotrememberwhenhestartedtocough Perhapsitwasunnoticeableatfirst alittlecoughinginthemorningashelithisfirstcigaretteupongettingoutofbed BythetimeIwassixteen mydaughter sage hisbreathwasawheeze embarrassingtohear hecouldnotclimbstairswithoutrestingeverythirdorfourthstep Itwasnotunusualforhimtocoughforanhour Myfatherdiedfrom thepoorman sfriend pneumonia onehardwinterwhenhislungillnesseshadlefthimlow Idoubthehadmuchlungleftatall aftercoughingforsomanyyears Hehadsolittlebreaththat duringhislastyears hewasalwaysleaningonsomething Irememberedonce atafamilyreunion whenmydaughterwastwo thatmyfatherpickedherupforaminute longenoughformetophotographthem buttheeffortwasobvious Neartheveryendofhislife andlargelybecausehehadnomorelungs hequitsmoking Hegainedacoupleofpounds butbythenhewassoslimthatnoonenoticed Spaceorder Spaceorderisoftenusedwhenyoudescribeaplace Indoingthis youmustchooseaparticularpointofview andmaintainitthroughoutyourdescription Youshouldalsomakesurethatyourdescriptiontakesadefinitedirection Youmaydescribefromlefttoright fromtoptobottomorbottomtotop fromnearesttofarthest andsoon Lookatthefollowingparagraphasanexample Mr Cook arenownedAmericanhistorian arrangesthebooksonhisbookshelvesinauniqueway Intheupperrighthandcorner therearebooksaboutthedevelopmentoftheearlycoloniesinnewEnglandandtheWarofIndependence Rightunderthemcanbefoundbooksontheslavetrade theplantationsystemandthegrowthofthesouthernstates TheleftsideoftheshelfcontainshundredsofbooksconcerningsubjectsoftheWestwardMovement Indianculture thecowboys contributionstoAmericansocietyandtheGoldRushinCalifornia Fromthedescriptionabove onecanseethatMr CookregardshisbookshelvesasamapoftheU S andarrangeshishistorybooksaccordingly Itisodd butitisconvenient Toindicatepositionordirection youmayusedsuchwordsorphrasesas fromhere inside outof infrontof behind atthebackof nextto beside on over above under beneath beyond ontheright left handside onthecorner ontheoppositesideof between Practice ExerciseA ExerciseB Thefirstcomputersweredeveloped Theyweresolargethattheyrequiredspecialair conditionedrooms inthe1960s desk sizedcomputersweredeveloped Thisrepresentedagiganticadvance however athirdgenerationofcomputers whichwereevensmallerandfaster hadappeared thefirstmicroprocessor lessthanonesquarecentimeterinsize wasdeveloped electronicengineerspredictthatevensmallerandmoresophisticatedcomputerswillbeonthemarketbeforethetwenty firstcentury around1945 abouttwentyyearslater beforetheendofthatsamedecade in1971 today In1971 around1945 Abouttwentyyearslater Today Beforetheendofthatsamedecade Ex BThefollowingsentencesaredisarranged Rearrangethemtofollowthetimeorderandwritethesentencesinparagraphform 1 Byteno clocktheflyingherolandedinfrontofahugecrowdofwildlycheeringpeople tired unshaved suddenlyhungry 2 OnthemorningofMay20th 1927 Lindbergh s spiritofSt Louis struggledintotheairfromNewYork 3 Thenafishingboatappeared and anhourlater land ItwasIreland 4 After34hoursofcontinuouspiloting theflightof3 600mileswasover 5 Whennightcame Lindberghflewsteadilyon hopingthathiscoursewastherightone 6 Throughoutthenextdaythe spiritofSt Louis flewonovertheseeminglylimitlesssea OnthemorningofMay20th 1927 Lindbergh s spiritofSt Louis struggledintotheairfromNewYork Whennightcame Lindberghflewsteadilyon hopingthathiscoursewastherightone Throughoutthenextdaythe spiritofSt Louis flewonovertheseeminglylimitlesssea Thenafishingboatappeared and anhourlater land ItwasIreland Byteno clocktheflyingherolandedinfrontofahugecrowdofwildlycheeringpeople tired unshaved suddenlyhungry After34hoursofcontinuouspiloting theflightof3 600mileswasover Mydormitoryisalarge spaciousandcomfortableroomwithfourbeds 6 Asyouwalkintotheroom youarefacedwithalargewindowonthesouthernsideoftheroom 5 Belowthewindowisalargedeskonwhichthereisaclock atelephoneandacomputer 2 Aroundthedeskarefourchairsforustositonduring