高考英语二轮完形填空考点解析议论文11.doc

二轮专题复习完形填空（议论文）一、命题研究议论文是一种通过剖析事物，论述事理，发表见解的文体。议论型完形填空分为两种，一种是夹叙夹议型的完形填空，另一种是纯议论型的完形填空。第一种的基本模式是：叙述事件，提出感情，做出结论。第二种的基本模式是：提出论点，列举论据，提出看法。这种完形填空都有以下特点：1首句制胜，论点明确议论型完形填空绝大多数都把文章主旨句作为首句。作者一般在这句话中提出论点，然后在各段的首句提出分论点。2结构清晰，脉络有序议论型完形填空的三要素：论点、论据和论证。它们一般有序地安排在引子、正文、结论这一议论文的一般结构中。能说明论据主要内容的答案，可以在论点里得到印证，而论点的答案也可以与论据结合起来，这样论点、论据形成一体，相互印证。有时作者为了使文章脉络清楚，逻辑流畅，会使用一些连接词。如：on the contrary，all in all，in short， generally。worse still，on the other hand，in conclusion，as a consequence，hence，also，personally，furthermore, definitely，surely，undoubtedly，obviously，additionally，besides，likewise，for the sake of，firstly等。3按一定的方法论证议论型完形填空都是按一定的论证方法来论证的。常用的论证方法有：归纳法(分析个别事物，达到共同点，得出结论)；推理法(从原理出发，个别分析说明，得出结论)；对照法(正反对照，分析说明，得出结论)；驳论法(阐述错误观点，逐条批驳，阐明观点)。二、技巧点拨1通过短文抓主旨一般情况下，完形填空短文都不给标题，不容易把握文章的主题和大意。但短文首句通常不设空格，这就为我们窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口，而尾句往往是文章的总结，结论和点睛之笔，所以抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是必要的。2精读短文析文章 1多掌握一些固定搭配，包括固定短语和习惯语法等。 2词语辨析，表面上是语境中词语的语意选择，其实是考查词汇的运用能力。 3熟练的语法知识。尽管近年来单纯考查语法知识的题目很少，但熟练的语法知识不但可以有助于快速理解文章的句子结构和大意，对解题也很有帮助。 4注意培养结合全文结构和中心思想，根据常识和上下文提供的信息进行理解，分析和推理能力。 5要加强对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系、对比关系等，以及对转换词语的运用能力的培养。6要学会根据上下文的同义词线索、环境线索、对比线索、因果线索、顺序线索等进行分析三.议论文类高考真题解析（07年山东）四.议论文类完形填空模拟训练（1）one spring afternoon five years ago, jimmy was crying in the hall of taipeis sherwood hotel. life seemed _1_. the people who laughed as they walked past were taking their _2_ for granted, just as he _3_ himself. now, however, he felt _4_ and he couldnt even _5_ this disappointment in his painting.seeking more personally satisfying _6_, he had just left a successful career as a commercial artist when it seemed that fate played a cruel _7_ on him. it was at this time that he developed cancer and was _8_ to work. but that moment in the hotel was a turning point for jimmy. he began to _9_ that there is no such thing as fate, only _10_. since then, he has published several imaginative, illustrated(带插图的)books.according to jimmy, you are what you choose to be. you can _11_ or you can work to be a happier person. jimmy realized that, while the world _12_ seems unfair, your choice can change your life.this _13_ can be found in jimmys books, where his characters show the powerlessness they feel _14_ making their choices. the message that accompanies jimmys drawings, however, is _15_: though the world may make us small, we must be _16_. everything will be all right for us - as it is for the “small people” in jimmys books - if we make choices that are _17_ for us.despite his new _18_ and wealth, jimmy prefers working _19_ at home with his wife and daughter. he spends his mornings drawing. to jimmy, living a life as he chooses means much more than money and fame could _20_.1. a. unhappy b. unusual c. unfaird. uneasy2. a. health b. wealth c. happinessd. illness3. a. ought to b. had to c. needed to d. used to4. a. ashamed b. diseased c. helplessd. endless5. a. tell b. show c. judged. imagine6. a. home b. condition c. situationd. work7. a. trick b. joke c. roled. part8. a. unable b. impossible c. unfitd. difficult9. a. understand b. face c. refused. recognize10. a. failures b. efforts c. choices d. interests11. a. get through b. give up c. keep away d. take over12. a. always b. seldom c. sometimes d. usually13. a. idea b. expression c. writing d. description14. a. after b. by c. with d. before15. a. thoughtful b. hopeful c. useful d. successful16. a. great b. strong c. brave d. equal17. a. scientific b. basic c. right d. moral18. a. product b. fame c. name d. job19. a. freely b. efficiently c. slowly d. quietly20. a. offer b. gain c. gather d. earn（2）more and more students want to study in “hot” majors. 1 a result, many students want to 2 their interests and study in these 3 such as foreign languages, international business and law, etc.fewer and fewer students choose scientific majors, 4 maths, physics and biology, and art majors, 5 history, chinese and philosophy. 6 students can study in these “hot” majors, because the number of these “hot” majors 7 limited.if one 8 interest in his work or study, 9 can he do well? i 10 this from one of my classmates. he is 11 the countryside. his parents are farmers. though he 12 biology, he chose “international business”. he 13 to live a life which is different 14 of his parents. min the end, he found he 15 in doing business. he found all the subjects to be 16 . 17 this wouldnt have happened if he had chosen his major according to his own interests.choosing a major in university 18 decide ones whole life. majors 19 are not“ hot” today may become the “hot” major of tomorrow.choosing your major according to your own 20 is the best way to succeed. 1.a.being高.考.资.源.网b. forc. havingd. as2.a.give upb. appearc. gived. master3.a.placeb. roomc. areasd. space4.a.for exampleb. much asc. and so ond. as a result5.a.evenb. likec. justd. or6.a.only a fewb. quite a fewc. perhapsd. many7.a.isb. arec. would bed. have been8.a.had nob. hadc. has nod. has9.a.whyb. and whatc. howd. and how10.a.suggestedb. guessedc. searchedd. learned11.a.out ofb. offc. ind. from12.a.studied b. likesc. learnsd. succeeds to study13.a.wants b. doesnt want c. enjoys d. doesnt like14.a.from whichb. from thatc. for whichd. for that15.a.was interestedb. was clever c. was not interestedd. was not clever16.a.lovelyb. rarec. obviousd. tiresome17.a.so高.考.资.源.网b. thenc. just thend. maybe18.a.canb. does notc. probablyd. perhaps not to19.a.on whichb. in whichc. whichd.20.a.interestsb. experiencec. mindd. heart cloze （3）several years ago, while attending a communication course, i experienced a most unusual process. the instructor asked us to list _1_ in our past that we felt _2_ of, regretted, or incomplete about and read our lists aloud.this seemed like a very _3_ process, but there s always some _4_soul in the crowd who will volunteer. the instructor then _5_ that we find ways to _6_ people, or take some action to right any wrong doings. i was seriously wondering how this could ever _7_ my communication.then the man next to me raised his hand and volunteered this story: “making my _8_, i remembered an incident from high school. i grew up in a small town. there was a sheriff _9_ of us kids liked. one night, my two buddies and i decided to play a _10_ on him.after drinking a few beers, we climbed the tall water tank in the middle of the town, and wrote on the tank in bright red paint: sheriff brown is a sob.(畜生). the next day, almost the whole town saw our glorious _11_. within two hours, sheriff brown had us in his office. my friends told the truth but i lied. no one _12_ found out.”“nearly 20 years later, sheriff browns name _13_ on my list. i didnt even know if he was still _14_. last weekend, i dialed the information in my hometown and found there was a roger brown still listed. i tried his number. after a few _15_, i heard, “hello?” i said, “sheriff brown?” paused. “yes.” “well, this is jimmy calkins.”“and i want you to know that i did it？”paused. “i knew it!” he yelled back. we had a good laugh and a _16_ discussion. his closing words were: “jimmy, i always felt bad for you _17_ your buddies got it off their chest, but you were carrying it _18_ all these years. i want to thank you for calling me.for your sake.”jimmy inspired me to _19_ all 101 items on my list within two years, and i always remember what i learned from the course: its never too late to _20_the past wrongdoings.1. a. something b. anything c. somebody d. anybody2. a. ashamed b. afraid c. sure d. proud3. a. private b. secret c. interesting d. funny4. a. foolish b. polite c. simple d. brave5. a. expected b. suggested c. ordered d. demanded6. a. connect with b. depend on c. make apologize to d. get along with7. a. improve b. continue c. realize d. keep8. a. notes b. list c. plan d. stories9. a. any b. most c. none d. all10. a. part b. game c. trick d. record11. a. view b. sign c. attention d. remark12. a. also b. even c. still d. ever13. a. appears b. considers c. presents d. remembers14. a. angry b. happy c. doubtful d. alive15. a. words b. rings c. repeats d. calls16. a. cold b. plain c. nervous d. lively17. a. in case b. so long as c. unless d. because18. a. around b. out c. on d. away19. a. build up b. make up c. clear up d. give up20. a. regret b. forgive c. right d. punish(4)while attending a conference, i returned to my motel room late one rainy evening. the overhead light outside my door was _ 1_and i had difficulty finding the keyhole. when i fianlly_2_to open the door, i _3_ around the wall for a light switch. i found a _4_ where a switch was once installed . but no switch.not discouraged easily, i remembered seeing a _5_ by the bed when i put away my luggage _6_ in the day. i found the bed in the dark and felt around until i found the lamp, but when i switched it on, _7_ happened! now what?though i knew that it was dark outside my window _8_ the outdoor light was broken, i thought that _9_if i opened the curtains i might be able to use the light from the _10_ to find another lamp. so i _11_ my way slowly across the room to the curtains and.no drawstring! i finally stumbled around until i found a desk lamp that actually _12_! that evening i discovered in a whole new way just how dark the world can be and how necessary _13_ is.but even more necessary than _14_ light is the light that shines from people -the light of love, sympathy and _15_. because, for many people, the world is a dark and _16_ place.it is the shining that is important. for someone today just may be stumbling in discouragement or fear and in _17_ of some light.so let your light shine. whatever light you _18_ may be a beacon of hope and encouragement in someones darkness. and if you feel that your light is _19_ a candle in a forest, remember this there isnt enough darkness in all the world to _20_ the light of one small candle.-steve goodier1. a. burning b. broken c. shining d. disappeared2. a. managed b. attempted c. succeeded d. meant 3. a. touched b. turned c. felt d. looked 4. a. hole b plate c. lamp d. sign 5. a. lamp b. switch c. desk d. window6. a. later b. earlier c. sooner d. first7. a. something b. everything c. nothing d. anything8. a. when b. unless c. since d. although9. a. probably b. surely c. absolutely d. perhaps10. a. moon b. street c. room d. shop 11. a. forced b. looked c. made d. pushed12. a. worked b. died c. counts d. closed13. a. love b. thinking c. dream d. light14. a. spiritual b. physical c. mental d. inner15. a. faith b. soul c. respect d. attention16. a. mixed b. fancy c. lonely d. complicated17. a. lack b. need c. favor d. face18. a. devote b. receive c. offer d. throw19. a. but b. even c. ever d. much20. a. focus b. absorb c. catch d. cover (5)charlie and jackie joined a wholesale company together just after graduation. they both worked very hard. after several years, the boss made jackie sales manager but charlie 1 a salesman. one day charlie could not 2 it any more. he handed in his resignation letter (辞职信) to the boss and complained that the boss did not 3 hard working employees, but only raised those who tried to please him. he thought that it was really 4 .the boss knew that charlie had spared no 5 for the company all these years, but in order to help charlie to realize the 6 between him and jackie, the boss asked charlie to do the 7 . go and find out if there is anyone selling watermelons in the market. charlie went, returned and 8 said, yes. the boss asked, how much per kg? charlie went back to the market to ask and returned to 9 , $ 12 per kg.the boss told charlie that he would ask jackie the 10 question. jackie went, returned and said, boss, only one person selling watermelons. $ 12 per kg, $ 100 for 10 kg. he has a 11 of 340 melons. on the table are 58 melons, and every melon weighs about 15 kg, 12 from the south two days ago. they are fresh, red, and of good 13 .charlie was 14 and he realized the difference between himself and jackie. he decided not to 15 but to learn from jackie.my dear friends, you know, a more 16 person is more observant, thinks more and understands in 17 . for the same matter, he sees several years ahead, 18 you see only tomorrow. the difference between a year and a day is 365 times, so how could you 19 ?think: how far have you seen ahead in your life? how 20 are you?1. a. made b. became c. remained d. kept2. a. take b. do c. get d. put3. a. enjoy b. meet c. repay d. value4. a. unusual b. unfair c. careless d. selfless5. a. rest b. trouble c. effect d. effort6. a. competition b. relationship c. difference d. distance7. a. following b. finding c. shopping d. searching8. a. still b. again c. even d. only9. a. offer b. answer c. remind d. repeat10. a. difficult b. familiar c. same d. simple11. a. total b. lot c. pile d. number12. a. taken b. come c. bought d. heard13. a. value b. quality c. condition d. shape14. a. struck b. moved c. puzzled d. encouraged15. a. stay b. stop c. work d. leave16. a. important b. intelligent c. successful d. hardworking17. a. time b. depth c. need d. common18. a. while b. though c. unless d. since19. a. see b. think c. know d. win20. a. hopeful b. thoughtful c. helpful d. meaningful议论文类完形填空模拟训练答案解析（1）这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，文章介绍了台湾漫画作家几米的生活经历，并借几米之口，表达作者的观点：过自己选择的，喜欢的生活比什么都重要。1. c。从上下句的意思以及第一段，说几米得了病，在哭泣，而旁边有人笑着经过，生活看起来很不“公平”。unhappy意为“不幸福的”；unusual意为“不寻常的”；uneasy是“不容易的”。2. a。此题需要读完第二段才能选出。take sth. for granted意为“认为理所当然，对视若无睹”，第一、二两段说的是几米得病后的感受，所以可以排除wealth, happiness和illness。3. d。 正如他“以前”那样，也是“take the health for granted”，所以后面才有“now, however”的转折。4. c。和前一句是转折关系，此句意为“然而，现在他感到很无助”。从后一句“他甚至不能”也可得出。因为句子的谓语是felt，是“感觉”，表达一种感受，所以不能用diseased， 他得病这件事已经确定了，所以才有这些感觉。5. b。根据句意，“他是如此无助，甚至是他的画也不能帮助他。”，show意为“显示”，imagine和judge可以首先排除；tell意为“告诉”，后面应用sb. sth或sth. to sb.。6. d。从下文看，主要讲的是他的工作的事情；第8个空后面有呼应，他刚找了个令人满意的工作，但因为有病，所以不能工作了。7. b。play a joke on是固定搭配，意为“命运和他开了个残酷的玩笑”；trick是“把戏，诡计；骗术”之意。8. a。unable to do是“不能做某人”，表示没有能力了。impossible意为“不可能”；unfit是“不合适”。9. a。上一句说在旅店里的那个早晨是他的转折点，他开始“懂得，明白”了一个道理。根据此意，可以排除face（面对），refuse（拒绝）和recognize（认出）。10. c。这一句话意为“他开始明白没有命运这样的东西，只有选择”，choice和第四段的最后一句：if we make choices that 以及文章的最后一句都是相呼应的。所以尽管efforts看上去可以，但是读完全文，还是选choice。11. b。后面的or表示选择，“或者或者工作”，和工作相对应的应该是give up（放弃）。get through意为“通过”；keep away意为“使不靠近”；take over后需有宾语，意为“接管”。12. c。注意此句后面的while是“尽管”之意。用sometimes表示“有时”，always和usually表示的频率太高了，seldom是否定词。13. a。idea表示“主张，思想”，this idea就是指上一段中“jimmy realized that”的内容。expression是“表达”；description意为“描述”。14. d。根据这句话中两个动词之间的关系，要用before，此句意为“在做出决定之前，他书中的人物表现的都很脆弱”。15. b。从上下句中可以得出答案。the message is hopeful.“在他的画里有的是希望”。16. c。brave指在精神上的“勇敢”，strong表示的身体的“强壮”。17. c。和上文一致，be right for sb.意为“适合某人的”。18. b。和wealth能并列的，而且在文中的最后一句有呼应，只能是是具体的名字，此处应该是“名声，名誉”之意。19. d。quietly表示“安静地，平淡地”，由上句的让步关系的句子，可以得出。freely是“自由地，不受约束地”，与句意符合。20. a。用offer表示“提供”，gain是“赢得”之意。（2）1. d as a result表示“结果(是)”。2. a 参见3。3. c 根据本句内容可知：“许多学生想放弃(give up)他们的爱好而学习诸如外语、国际贸易、法律这些学科(领域)(areas)”。4. b such as用于简单的罗列事物。5. b like在此基本上等于such as，以避免重复。6. a “仅有少部分学生能学习这些热门专攻课程”。其余选项均不符合语境或语法规则。7. a the number of与单数谓语连用。8. c 根据语法和语境，只能选has no。此句后半句用的是can，因此不能用过去时，had no和had错。本句意思是“如果一个人对他的工作或学习不感兴趣，他怎么能够做好？”9. c 参见8。在how can he do well中，动词do作不及物动词，意为“进行”，“发展”。10. d 根据句意，这里应选learn。11. d be from来自。高.考.资.源.网12. b “虽然他喜欢生物学“。13. a doesnt want，doesnt like不符合语意，答案enjoys不符合语法规则。14. b be different from that of his parents与其父母的生活不同。that指前面的life。15. c was interested不符合语意，was clever，was not clever易排除。16. d “他觉得所有的学科都令人厌倦。”17. d “或许在当初他按照自己的爱好选择他的专攻课程，这种情况就不会发生”。此句表示与过去事实相反(条件句中用虚拟语气)。w。w。w.k。s。5。u.c。o。m18. b “在大学选择专攻课程并不