湖南省邵阳市第二中学高三英语上学期第一次月考试题（含解析）.doc

湖南省邵阳市第二中学2016届高三英语上学期第一次月考试题（含解析）第i卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共5小题；每小题l .5分，满分75分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有l0秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. what do we know about the man? a. he slept late last nightb.he didnt sleep well last night. c. he didnt win the game.2. what is tom doing? a. he is doing his homework. b.he is sleeping. c. he is helping his mother.3. what does mike mean? a. he wants to have a rest for a few days. b. the final exams were easy. c. its too early for him to make plans.4. what does the man mean at the end of the conversation? a. he already has a roommate. b. he dislikes having a roommate. c. he is glad to have a roommate.5. what does the woman ask the man to do? a. to buy a bottle of wine for her. b. to come to her home for supper. c. to come to her home for a meeting.第二节 (共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22 .5分) 听下面5段对话或独自。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独自读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6. who is the woman talking to? a. her husband.b. her neighbor.c. her student.7. what is her husband doing? a. he is painting a picture. b. he is painting a bottlec. he is painting the sitting room.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. what is the possible relationship between the two speakers? a. husband and wife.b. brother and sister.c. babysitter and master.9. what can we learn from the conversation? a. the woman is not successful in her job. b. the man is out of work. c. the woman isnt satisfied with her life.10. what day was it yesterday? a. monday. b. sundayc. tuesday 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. what does mary ask john to do? a. to help her.b. to look for their baby.c. to do some washing.12. where is the baby? a. in the sitting room. b. in the kitchenc. in the washroom13. what is the baby doing? a. he is playing games.b. he is watching tv. c. he is cleaning his shoes with his mothers toothbrush.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. why does the girl borrow money from her father? a. to see a film.b. to watch a play.c. to go to a concert.15. how much money does the girl need in all? a. eighteen dollars.b. thirty-six dollars.c. fifty-four dollars.16. how many children want to go to the concert? a. one b. two c. three17. who is going to get the tickets? a. bob b. the girl c. jenny听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. why did the man refuse to buy a tv set in the past? a. he thought it was strange. b. he thought it was a waste of time. c. he thought it was too expensive.19. who bought him a tv set after he retired? a. his son. b. his friend. c. he himself.20. what made the man angry when watching tv? a. eating snacks. b. playing games c. being interrupted by others.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。a health experts have long worried about the increasing rate of obesity in kids. its an important concern: being weight or obese during childhood can lead to serious problems normally seen in adults, such as diabetes and high blood pressure. poor diets and a lack of exercise are usually the causes. but would you ever have imagined there might be a connection between the bacteria that lived in your guts （内脏）when you were a baby and the chance that you would become overweight? scientists in finland recently found just such a link. in a recent study, they showed that overweight kids had different species of bacteria living in their guts. you probably think of bacteria only as germs that can make you sick. while its true that some bacteria can make people ill, your body actually depends on some types of bacteria to help you digest food and extract nutrients from it. these “good” bacteria live in your guts, where they process the food you eat. human babies get these bacterial helpers from their moms. when a baby is born, some of the bacteria in the mother move into the babys body. growing babies get additional “good” bacteria from the milk their mothers produce. and it turns out the bacteria might play an important role in regulating weight just six years later. so how could these bacteria affect weight? the researchers still havent tested that question, but future tests might lead to an answer.21. the “link” in paragraph 2 refers to the relationship between _.a. bacteria and the chance of being overweightb. obesity and diabetesc. diets and the chance of being overweightd. bacteria and exercise22. which of the following is not the function of “good” bacteria? a. helping to digest food. b. helping to take nutrients from food.c. helping to regulate weight. d. making a person ill.23. the purpose of writing this passage is to _.a. introduce the role of bacteria in childrens weightb. analyze the influence of obesity on kidsc. give advice on how to lose weight quicklyd. explain the function of bacteria in foods【答案】 21a22d23a考点：考查健康类短文阅读babout ten years ago, a young and very successful businessman named josh was traveling down a chicago neighborhood street. he was going a bit too fast in his shiny, black, 12 cylinder jaguar xke, which was only two months old. he was watching for kids rushing out from between parked cars and slowed down when he thought he saw something. as his car passed, no child came out, but a brick sailed out and whump! it hit the jags shiny black side door! screech.! immediately josh stopped the car, jumped out, seized the kid and pushed him up against a parked car. he shouted at the kid, what was that all about and who are you? just what the heck are you doing?! building up a head of steam, he went on. thats my new jag, that brick you threw is gonna cost you a lot of money. why did you throw it?please, mister, please.im sorry! i didnt know what else to do! begged the youngster. i threw the brick because no one else would stop! tears were streaming down the boys face as he pointed around the parked car. its my brother, mister, he said. he rolled of the curb (路沿) and fell out of his wheelchair and i cant lift him up. sobbing, the boy asked the businessman, would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? hes hurt and hes too heavy for me.moved beyond words, the young businessman tried hard to swallow the rapidly swelling lump in his throat. straining, he lifted the young man back into the wheelchair and took out his handkerchief and wiped the scrapers and cuts, checking to see that everything was going to be ok. he then watched the younger brother push him down the sidewalk toward their home.it was a long walk back to the black, shining 12 cylinder jaguar xke a long and slow walk. josh never did fix the side door of his jaguar. he kept the dent (凹痕) to remind him not to go through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick at him to get his attention. feel for the bricks of life coming at you.24. the boy threw a brick at the businessmans car because _.a. the businessman drove at a high speedb. he envied the brand-new car very muchc. he wanted to ask for some moneyd. he wanted to get help from the driver25. which of the following is the right order of the story?a. the younger brother threw a brick at joshs car.b. the elder brother fell out of his wheelchair.c. the younger brother begged josh for help.d. josh lifted the elder brother back into his wheelchair.e. josh shouted at the younger brother.a. b, a, e, c, d b. a, c, d, b, ec. b, a, c, e, d d. a, c, b, e, d26. what can we learn from the passage? a. josh would accept the money from the kids.b. the two kids were joshs neighbors.c. josh was a kind-hearted man.d. joshs new car broke down easily.27. according to the passage, the last sentence means _.a. trying to get ready for the trouble in your future lifeb. driving fast in a neighborhood street is dangerousc. trying to be more understanding seeing others in troubled. protecting oneself from being hurt【答案】 24d25a26c27c考点：考查故事类短文阅读cwashoe, a female chimpanzee (黑猩猩) believed to be the first non-human to acquire human language, has died of natural causes at the research institute where she was kept.the chimp died on tuesday night, according to roger and deborah fouts, co-founders of the chimpanzee and human communications institute in washington, where she lived.washoe was born in 1965 in africa, where she was captured by the air force and taken to the us for research use in the space program. in 1966, she left the program and began living with two scientists, allen and beatrix gardner, who led a project to teach the chimp american sign language (asl) in washoe, nevada, for which it was named. washoe had been living on central washington universitys ellensburg campus since 1980. she had a vocabulary of about 250 words. also, washoe taught sign language to three younger chimps: tatu, 31, loulis, 29, and dar, 31primate (灵长类) researcher jane goodall, in fouts book next of kin, noted the importance of the work with washoe. “roger, through his ongoing conversations with washoe and her extended family, has opened a window into a chimpanzees mind,” goodall said.though previous efforts to teach chimps spoken languages had failed, the researchers believed there was a better chance using signs. but washoes language skills were disputed by scientists who believed that language is unique to humans. among those who doubted that chimps could use language were linguist (语言学家) noam chomsky and harvard scientist steven pinker. they believed primates simply learn to perform certain acts in order to receive rewards, and do not acquire true language.28. as for its first task, washoe was involved with _. a. some space research b. a study on african animalsc. an asl project d. the program of training the air force29. in goodalls opinion, teaching washoe asl _.a. was not successful b. led to the book next of kinc. won honor for fouts d. made a difference30. in the last paragraph, the underlined word “disputed” probably means “_”.a. supported b. studied c. questioned d. discussed31. what can be inferred from the passage?a. the asl project was first set up in africa for the study on washoe.b. washoe may communicate with other chimps by signing. c. washoe must have been able to speak 250 words or so.d. the researchers will prove that most chimps could use language.【答案】 28a29d30c31b【解析】试题分析:本文叙述了科学家教猩猩学习american sign language的研究的过程。28. a 细节题。根据文章第三段第一句washoe was born in 1965 in africa, where she was captured by the air force and taken to the us for research use in the space program.可知washoe本来是用来进行太空实验的。故a正确。29. d 细节题。根据文章第四段第一句primate (灵长类) researcher jane goodall, in fouts book next of kin, noted the importance of the work with washoe.可知goodall认为教猩猩american sign language是很重要的。故d正确。30. c 猜测词义题。根据前面一句though previous efforts to teach chimps spoken languages had failed, the researchers believed there was a better chance using signs.尽管之前的努力失败了，但是研究人员认为使用sign会有更好的机会。本句but washoes language skills were disputed by scientists who believed that language is unique to humans.中科学家认为这样的语言对人类来说是很独特的，可知该词表示“质疑、怀疑”。故c正确。31. b 推理题。本文叙述了科学家利用sign来教猩猩学语言，在第三段最后一句also, washoe taught sign language to three younger chimps: tatu, 31, loulis, 29, and dar, 31可知这个猩猩又用这样的技巧来教另外的猩猩。故b正确。考点：考查科普类短文阅读d “children who eat less salt and drink fewer sugar-sweetened soft drinks may significantly lower their risks of obesity,” researchers recently reported in the journal hypertension. “sugar-sweetened soft drinks are a significant source of calorie intake in children,” said feng j. he, a researcher at st georges university of london, england. “it has been shown that sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption is related to obesity in young people.” they wanted to know whether there is a link between salt intake and sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption. dr he and colleagues analyzed data from a 1997 national survey of more than 2,000 people between 4 and 18 in britain. “we found that children eating a lower-salt diet drank less fluid,” said he. “from our research, we estimated that 1 gram of salt cut from their daily diet would reduce fluid intake by 100 grams per day.” the researchers also found that children eating a lower-salt diet drank fewer sugar-sweetened soft drinks. from their research, they predicted that reducing salt intake by 1 gram each day would reduce sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption by 27 grams per day, after. “if children aged 4 to 18 cut their salt intake by half, there would be a decrease of about two sugar-sweetened soft drinks per week per child, so each child would decrease calorie intake by almost 250 kilocalories per week,” dr he said. in previous studies, researchers found that a low-salt diet lowers blood pressure in children, and prevents the development of high blood pressure later in life. “both high blood pressure and obesity increase the risk of having strokes and heart attacks,” dr he said. dr he recommends that parents check labels and choose low-salt food products. “small reductions in the salt content of 10 to 20 percent cannot be detected by the human salt taste receptors (感受器) and do not cause any technological or safety problems,” dr he said.32. according to the passage, obesity is directly linked to _.a. high-salt foods b. sugar-sweetened soft drinksc. high blood pressure d. strokes and heart attacks33. compared with previous studies, the recent one found that _.a. a lower-salt diet may mean less sugar-sweetened soft drink consumptionb. a low-salt diet keeps children out of high blood pressure c. children face the risk of having strokes and heart attacksd. low-salt food products do not do harm to peoples health34. which of the following statements would dr he agree to?a. the less salt people eat, the healthier people become.b. children should reduce fluid intake in their daily life.c. no high-salt food products will be available in shops.d. a low-salt diet may prevent both high blood pressure and obesity.35. after reading the passage, who should take effective action?a. children. b. parents. c. doctors. d. researchers.【答案】32b33a34d35b【解析】试题分析:本文属于健康类短文，介绍了甜饮料会引起肥胖问题，同时阐述了低盐的饮食会降低高血压和肥胖问题。32. b 细节题。根据文章第一句“children who eat less salt and drink fewer sugar-sweetened soft drinks may significantly lower their risks of obesity,”可知肥胖问题和甜饮料之间有着直接的联系。故b正确。33. a 细节题。根据文章第三段后三行“we found that children eating a lower-salt diet drank less fluid,” said he. “from our research, we estimated that 1 gram of salt cut from their daily diet would reduce fluid intake by 100 grams per day.”可知低盐的饮食会减少甜饮料的摄入。故a正确。34. d 细节题。根据文章倒数第二段researchers found that a low-salt diet lowers blood pressure in children, and prevents the development of high blood pressure later in life. “both high blood pressure and obesity increase the risk of having strokes and heart attacks,” dr he said.可知何教授认同低盐饮食能够预防高血压和肥胖问题。故d正确。35. b 推理题。根据文章最后一段第一句dr he recommends that parents check labels and choose low-salt food products.可知何教授建议父母亲采取行动检查孩子使用产品的标签，建议孩子使用低盐的产品。故b正确。考点：考查健康类短文阅读第2节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 you often find somebody who works around you complaining all the time, dont you？ 36 about 70% of americans say being around nonstop complainers sometimes has a bad influence on them. luckily, here are 4 tips to help form positive patterns. 1. self-awarenesswhen a negative thought pops into your mind, immediately correct it. instead of telling yourself “thats a nice shirt, but i cant afford it,” change the message to “that will look great with my black pants when i can afford it.” 37 of course, everyone complains sometimes. but the less frequently you complain, the better you will feel. 2. distance yourself 38 excuse yourself and go somewhere quiet, somewhere outdoors in the fresh air. think of something pleasant before returning. you have to take this seriously because negative people can and will pull you into the quicksand（困境）. 3. dont try to change complainersif you find yourself trapped in a group of complainers in a meeting or at a social event, simply choose silence. let their words bounce off you while you think of something else. attempting to stop the complaining can make you a target. 39 if someone says, “i hate mondays, weekends are too short,” try to think, “im glad i rested up over the weekend, so im ready to make some improvement on that big project.” 4. 40 when someone is shouting at you angrily, throw the responsibility back at them by asking, “so what do you intend to do about it” in most cases, complainers dont really want a solution. they just want to speak them out. if you make them aware that they themselves have to find the solutions, they will leave you alone and find someone else to complain to. if so, you will be happy. a. find solutionsb. change responsibilityc. you have got a lot of company.d. by doing this, it will lead to positive behaviors. e. but you can redirect the discussion in your own mind.f. whenever possible, escape from negative conversations.g. you will never know what they are going to talk about.【答案】36c37d38f39e40b【解析】试题分析:生活中总是有人在不停地抱怨。作者在本文中告诉我们如何处理面对别人的抱怨的4条建议。36. c 根据前面半句you often find somebody who works around you complaining all the time可知我们身边有很多人一直在抱怨。很多人都和我们一样对于生活有各种各样的不满，在这一方面我们有很多的同伴。故c项符合上下文。37. d 根据前句“thats a nice shirt, but i cant afford it,” change the mes