湖南省郴州市第八中学八年级英语下册 Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city park素材 （新版）人教新目标版.doc

unit 2 ill help to clean up the city park.section a 1 (1a-2d)new words1. city n. 城市 e.g. the library is in the north of the city. 图书馆在城市的北部。2. notice n. 公告牌；通告；布告e.g. please read the list on the notice board. 请读公告板上的名单。 notice sb. do/ doing（感官动词）注意到某人做了/ 正在做3. sign n. 标志；信号e.g. look around, we could see no sign of life. 环顾四围，我们看不出一点生命的迹象。4. volunteer v. 义务劳动，自愿做 volunteer to do sth. 义务自愿做某事e.g. many people volunteer to work on the farm. 很多人志愿到农场去工作。5. clean up 打扫；清除 vs. clean-up n. 大扫除，扫除日e.g. the students take turns to clean up their classroom. 学生们轮流打扫教室。6. give out 分发；散发e.g. please help me give out these test papers. 请帮我将这些试卷发下去。7. cheer v. 欢呼; 喝彩 e.g. cheer up. the news isnt too bad. 振作起来，消息还不算太坏。8. lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的e.g. i dont feel lonely because i made new friends here. 我不觉得孤独因为我交了新朋友。9. used to 曾经， 过去 e.g. jack used to be short, but now hes tall. 杰克过去很矮，但现在高了。language points1. they told me stories about the past and how things used to be.used to do sth. 过去常常做某事； 表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作或状态，暗指现在已经不存在。used无人称和时态的变化。 e.g. i used to go to the youth center. but i have no time now. 我过去经常去青少年中心，但现在我没有时间了。 grandparents used to tell us stories when we were very young. 在我们小时候祖父母常给我们讲故事听。2. yeah, a lot of old people are lonely.lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的指精神上感觉孤独、寂寞。e.g. the old man feels lonely, so he raises a dog.那名老人觉得很孤独，因此他养了一只狗。 3. we need to come up with a plan for the city park clean-up day. need 用作实义动词，有“必要”、“必需”之意，有人称、数和时态的变化，可以接名词、代词、动名词或带to的动词不定式作宾语。 e.g. the man needs an english dictionary when he works. 这个人在工作时需要一本英语词典。 do you need to see him yourself? 你必需亲自见他吗？4. clean up意为“打扫；清理”。但如果在clean和up间加个连字符号, 它就是名词了, 意为“扫除”。e.g. you must give your classroom a good clean-up.你必须对教室进行彻底地打扫。come up with 提出（观点，看法）。e.g. he hascome up witha great idea. 他想出了一个绝好的办法。 i came up with a better plan than that. 我提供了一个比那还好的计划。exercises. choose the correct answers.1. i took her to the concert to _. a. cheer up her b. cheer her up c. cheer she up 2. lets help _ food at the food bank. a. to give out b. give up c. giving out . complete the sentences.1. youd better _ _ _ (想出) a better plan. 2. who will _ _ _ (自愿回答) this question?3. you could put up a _ (布告) here. 4. with no one to talk to, he _ very _ ( 感觉很孤独).5. the life _ _ _ (曾经是) very interesting in my school days.section a 2 (3a-3c)new words 1. several pron. adj. (=some) 几个；数个；一些 2. feeling n. 感触；感觉；感情； feel (v.) + ing feelinge.g. he had to lower his voice to control his feeling. 他不得不压低声音来控制自己的感情。3. satisfaction n. 满足；满意 e.g. looking at a beautiful painting always gives one satisfaction.观看一幅美丽的图画总会使人心满意足。 4. joy n. 高兴；愉快 e.g. its difficult to describe my joy in words. 难以用语言来描述我的快乐。5. owner n. 物主；主人 e.g. they decided to give the cat back to the owner. 他们决定将猫归还它的主人。6. journey n. 旅行；旅程e.g. a thousand-li journey begins with the first step. 千里之行始于足下。 language points1. mario green and mary brown from riverside high school give up several hours each week to help others. from river high school 为介词短语作后置修饰语，翻译时应提前。to help others 作目的状语。是“每周拿出几个小时”的目的。2. mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.马里奥相信这会帮助他获得他的梦想职业。help sb (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事；help后的不定式符号to，可以省略。e.g. mike called on his sister to help him look for his lost keys. 迈克叫上他妹妹帮助他找钥匙。3. but i want to learn more about how to care for animals. 但是我想学习更多关于如何照顾动物的事。want to do sth. 想要做某事。to 不定式做want的宾语。e.g. grandpa wanted to lend us some money to buy a new car. 爷爷想借给我们钱去买一辆新车。how to care for animals 是复合不定式结构，作介词about宾语。相当于：特殊疑问词+ to 不定式，构成复合不定式结构。(how he could care for animals).e.g. they dont know where to build the new house. =they dont know where they can build the new house. 他们不知道在哪里可以建新房。4. last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. 去年，她决定参加一个志愿者课外阅读活动。decide to do sth. 决定去做某事；to不定式做宾语。e.g. hedecidedto get married. 他决定结婚。5. she still works there once a week to help kids learn to read. 她仍旧在那里一周工作一次来帮助孩子们阅读。 to help kids learn to read 不定式短语作目的状语；learn to read 是help的宾语。6. i can do what i love to do and help others at the same time. 我可以做我所喜欢的事情，同时还可以帮助他人。从句what i love to do 在句子中作do的宾语。section a 3 (grammar focus-4c)revision : mario and mary _ _ several hours each week _ _ others. mario wants _ _ an animal doctor. he _ at an animal hospital. he wants _ _ more about _ _ care for animals. mary is a book lover. she could read by herself _ _ _ of four. last year, she decided _ _ _ for a volunteer after-school _ program. mary still works there once a week _ _ kids _ _ read. volunteering here is a dream come true for her. she can what she _ _ _and helps others at the same time. can you tell something about mary to us? new words : 1. sick adj. 生病的；有病的；e.g. the boy felt sick before the test. 考试前他生病了辨析：sick 可作定语修饰名词，而ill只能做表语。e.g. the mother cared for the sick girl day and night. 妈妈日夜照料着生病的女孩。jane was ill yesterday, she didnt go to school.昨天简生病了，她没去上学。2. raise v. 募集；征集 e.g. they sold something to raise money. 他们卖掉一些东西来募集钱。 3. alone adj. adv. 独自；单独 e.g. i dont like to go out alone at night. 我不喜欢晚上独自一人外出。辨析：lonely 情感上的孤独，寂寞；alone 独自一人（单不定感觉寂寞）。e.g. linda was alone in the house. 琳达独自一人呆在房子里。she lives alone and often feels lonely. 她孑然一身，常感到寂寞。section b 1 (1a-2e) language points1) im sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me.set up 建起；设立e.g. lets set up our tent by the river.我们在河边搭建帐篷吧。disabled adj. 丧失能力的；有残疾的dis (否定前缀) able (能够) disabled e.g. he was disabled in the accident.他在事故中残疾了。2) lucky makes a big difference to my life.make a difference 影响；有作用e.g. it would make a big difference to my life. 这会对我的生活产生很大影响。3) what would it be like to be blind or deaf?blind adj. 瞎的；失明的 deaf adj. 聋的 e.g. deaf people cant hear, and blind people cant see. 聋人听不见，失明的人看不见。4) or imagine you cant walk or use your hands easily. imagine v. n. 想象；设想e.g. you dont imagine it is true.你别想象那是真的。5) but many people have these difficulties.difficulty n. 困难；难题 difficult adj. 困难的 difficulty n.e.g. when youre in difficulty, ask me for help. 当你遇到困难时，向我求助。6) opening and closing doors, open v. 打开；开e.g. open the door, please. 请开门。7) she talked to animals helpers about getting me a special trained dog.train v. 训练；培训 train v. training n. 训练；培训e.g. im training myself for a race.我正在为赛跑作训练。 very hard training is necessary. 刻苦训练很必要。8) i love animals and i was excited about the idea of having a dog.excited adj. 激动的；兴奋的辨析：exciting 与excitedexciting 意为“另人兴奋的”，常用于修饰事物；excited 意为“激动的”，人作主语。e.g. the boy was too excited to go to sleep. 小男孩太兴奋了，以至于不能入睡。 i have some exciting news for you. 我告诉你一些另人兴奋的消息。9) lucky is very clever and understands many english words.clever adj. 聪明的e.g. it was c