（通用版）高考英语一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 Unit 1 Great scientists教师用书 新人教版必修5.doc

unit 1great scientists.写作单词会拼写1exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光2attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加3absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心4blamevt.责备；谴责n. 过失；责备5curen.治愈；痊愈vt. 治愈；治疗6defeatvt.打败；战胜；使受挫n. 失败7foreseevt.预见；预知8positiveadj.积极的；肯定的；确实的9suspectvt.认为；怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯10handlen.柄；把手vt.处理；操纵11rejectvt.拒绝；抛弃；不接受12pollutevt.污染；弄脏pollutionn.污染13announcevt.宣布；通告announcementn.通知；宣告14contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contributionn.贡献15concludevt.& vi.结束；推断出conclusionn.结论；结束16constructvt.建设；修建constructionn.建设；建筑物17instructvt.命令；指示；教导instructionn.命令；传授instructionsn.用法说明书；操作指南18challengen.挑战vt.向挑战challengingadj.挑战性的19enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的enthusiasmn.热情；热心.阅读单词要识记20characteristic n.特征；特性21scientific adj.科学的22cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的23analyse vt. 分析24physician n. 医生；内科医师25victim n. 受害者26enquiry n. 询问27universe n. 宇宙；世界高频短语会默写1put forward提出2expose.to使显露；暴露3apart from除之外；此外4make sense讲得通；有意义5draw a conclusion得出结论6link.to.将和联系或连接起来7(be)strict with.对严格的8be to blame应受谴责；应负责任9point of view态度；观点；看法10slow down减速11lead to通向；导致12look into调查教材原句会背诵句式仿写能应用1.neither its cause nor its cure was understood.(neither.nor.既不也不)1.老师和其他学生都不相信他解释的迟到的原因。neither the teacher nor other students believed the reason he explained for being late.2.so many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(every time 引导时间状语从句)2.每当我听到这首歌，它就使我想起与祖母在一起的幸福时光。every time i hear this song，it makes me think of the happy days when i was with granny.3.only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.(only状语从句位于句首时主句须倒装)3.只有当你找到内心的安宁的时候，你才会与他人保持良好的关系。only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.4.a woman, who had moved away from broad street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.(have/get sth. done 某事被做)4.别担心，他将会尽力按时完成任务的。there is no need to worry. he will try to have/get his work finished on time.精讲6个考纲单词 conclude vt.& vi.推断出；结束；达成，缔结经典例句he concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.(牛津词典)他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同这项计划。(1)concludeconclude sth.以结束to conclude最后(2)conclusion n.结论；结束come to/reach/draw a conclusion得出结论in conclusion总而言之he concluded his speech with a famous saying: its never too late to start.他以一句名言“只要去做永不为晚”结束他的演讲。ive come to the conclusion(conclude) that hes not the right person for the job.我断定他不适合做这项工作。in conclusion，good interpersonal skills are a must for our future social life.(2014年重庆高考写作)总之，良好的人际交往技巧对我们未来的社会生活是必需的。【导学号：30892110】 attend vt.出席；参加；照顾；护理 vi.专心；留意教材原句john snow was a famous doctor in londonso expert，indeed，that he attended queen victoria as her personal physician.约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人医生。attend a meeting/a lecture/church参加会议/听讲座/做礼拜attend on/upon sb.伺候某人；照顾某人attend to处理；倾听；专心于；照顾jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she will be teaching a class at that time.(2015年天津高考单项填空)简不能参加今天下午三点的会议，因为那个时候她正在授课。i cant go out with you tonight because i have an urgent thing to attend(attend)to.今晚我不能与你一块外出，因为我有一件急事要处理。 expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临经典例句the reporter was killed because he tried to expose a plot.这名记者因为试图揭露一个阴谋而被杀害。(1)expose.to使显露；暴露be exposed to暴露于；处于危险中(2)expose sth.to sb.向某人揭发某事dont expose your skin to sunlight directly，or you will get sunburnt.不要让你的皮肤直接暴晒于阳光下，否则你会被晒伤。as we all know，it is a good idea to be exposed(expose)to the real language environment.众所周知，接触真实的语言环境是个好主意。链接写作句式升级being exposed to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.exposing yourself to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.(用v.ing的主动形式作主语改写句子)if exposed to the sunlight for too long，you will get your skin injured.(用if省略句改写句子) absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；吞并；理解，掌握一词多义写出下列句中absorb的含义most little shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis.吞并black walls absorb a lot of heat during the day.吸收i keep the lesson simple because small kids cant absorb that much.理解absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意be absorbed by/into被吞并；被所吸收be absorbed/buried in全神贯注于；专心于链接写作一句多译汤姆专心于工作，忘记了通知她这件事。tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.so absorbed was tom in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.(用so.that.的倒装句)absorbed in his work，tom forgot to inform her of it.(用过去分词短语作状语)【导学号：30892111】 blame vt.责备；谴责；把归咎于 n过失；责备经典例句instead of blaming each other，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others place.我们应该多交流、换位思考而不是相互责怪。(1)blame sb.for sth.因某事责备某人blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人身上be to blame(for.)应承担责任；该受责备(用主动形式表被动意义)(2)bear/take the blame for.对负责lay/put the blame for sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人身上as far as the cause of the accident is concerned，i think，it is the driver of the lorry who should take the blame.对于事故的原因，我认为卡车司机应该负责。we went 101 and i was named most valuable player，but i often had crazy dreams in which i was to blame for millers accident.(2016年全国丙卷完形填空)我们以10比1获胜并且我被封为最有价值的球员，但我总是做噩梦，梦中感觉自己应该为miller的事故负责。 contribute vi.& vt.捐献；贡献；捐助经典例句it was generous of her to contribute such a large sum.她很大方，捐助了这么大笔钱。(1)contribute sth.to.把某物捐献给contribute to为做出贡献；有助于；导致；为撰稿(2)contribution n.捐献；贡献；投稿make a contribution/contributions to对做出贡献if you want to contribute to our newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline.(2015年全国卷书面表达)如果你想给我们报纸投稿，请在最后期限前把文章发给我。everyone is willing to contribute food and clothes to the homeless people.每个人都愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服。participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make a contribution(contribute)to the class.参加比赛对我来说是一次难得的展示我的舞蹈才能并对班级做出贡献的好机会。【导学号：30892112】诠释2个核心短语 put forward 提出(建议)；推荐；将提前；将(钟表等)向前拨一词多义写出下列句中put forward的含义as for the problem you put forward in your last letter, i think it is a wise choice for you to buy an edictionary.提出i think he is fit for the position；therefore, ill put him forward as a candidate.推荐you ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes.将(钟表)向前拨they have put forward the date of their wedding by one week.将提前put aside节省；储蓄；储存；留出put away放好；积蓄put off延期；推迟put up举起；张贴；建立；提供食宿put through接通电话；完成；使经受the match has been put off until tomorrow because of bad weather.(朗文辞典)由于天气不好，比赛推迟到明天。 make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通经典例句it doesnt make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.只是为了省一点钱买最便宜牌子的电脑没意义。(1)make sense of理解；明白make no sense没道理；没意义(2)in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说in no sense决不(位于句首时用部分倒装)(3)there is no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没道理planning so far ahead makes no senseso many things will have changed by next year.提前这么久计划没有意义到明年许多事情都会发生变化。what she referred to was so confusing that they could hardly make sense of it.她所讲的话如此令人费解，他们搞不明白她是什么意思。as far as im concerned，there is no sense in getting(get) upset about it now.就我而言，现在为这事苦恼是没有意义的。链接写作翻译句子你决不应该灰心丧气。继续努力，你迟早会成功的。in no sense should you lose heart；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.突破2个高考句型 (教材p2)neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道其起因，也不知道它的治疗方法。neither.nor.“既不也不”，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。to be honest，i have neither time nor money for the ball.说实话，我既没有时间也没有钱参加舞会。遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词：either.or.不是就是not only. but also.不仅而且not.but.不是而是neither my wife nor i myself am(be)able to persuade my daughter to change her mind.我妻子和我本人都没能说服女儿改变主意。not only the nurses but also the doctor is(be)very kind to the patients.不仅护士而且医生也对病人很友善。链接写作合并句子henry wont see a film tonight. his girlfriend helen wont, either.neither henry nor his girlfriend helen will see a film tonight.【导学号：30892113】 (教材p2)so many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak每次爆发霍乱时，都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。every time为名词词组，引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，表示“每当时”。i think of the happy hours we spent together every time i see these photos.每次看到这些照片，我都会想起我们一起度过的美好时光。名词词组作连词用，引导时间状语从句的还有：(1)由time构成的名词词组：each time，the first/last time，next time，any time等。(2)the瞬间名词：the minute/instant/second/moment等。the first time he came to the city，he decided to settle there.他第一次来到那个城市时，就决定在那里安家了。the moment the famous pop star got out of the airport，he was surrounded by his fans.这位著名的歌星一出机场，就被他的歌迷们围了起来。多角快练练单词 练短语 练句型基础考点全面练.单句语法填空1when he came back three hours later，they were still sitting on the sofa， (absorb) in conversation.【导学号：30892114】2because of the severe (pollute)，the water in the river is too dirty to drink.3not knowing what was wrong with his car，martin decided to send for an experienced man (handle) the problem.4children, when (expose) to an englishspeaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily.5finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest (challenge) faced by scientists today.6the army was welltrained and wellarmed, and had little difficulty (defeat) the enemy.【答案】1.absorbed2.pollution3.to handle4.exposed5.challenges6.defeating.单句改错1all the people present accepted the suggestion was put forward by the chairman. 2it doesnt make sense to complain after defeated.you should cheer up and practise hard instead. 3neither the teacher nor the students is content with the result. 4every time i will meet with difficulties in study，i solve it by myself. 5tom suggested that we would not hold such a meeting，but jenny insisted that it was of great importance. 【答案】1.去掉was或was前加which/that2.after后加being3.isare4.去掉will5.去掉would或wouldshould重难考点多维练1conclude全接触(1)单句语法填空in (conclude), people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage.john said he could conclude janes expression that jane had stolen his money.when the group discussion is nearing its end，make sure to conclude it important points.【导学号：30892115】(2)一句多译我从我自己的经历中得出结论：有志者，事竟成。i where there is a will，there is a way.i where there is a will，there is a way.【答案】conclusionfromwithdrew a conclusion from my own experiences thatconcluded from my own experiences that2blame点点练(1)单句语法填空 (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, alice was in low spirits.whenever he didnt perform well in his studies, he would blame his failure carelessness.in my view, li hua, who broke the school rule, was (blame).【导学号：30892116】(2)一句多译针对这起严重的交通事故，警方已经查明事情的起因，是那位卡车司机应为此事负责。in terms of this severe traffic accident, the police had figured out the cause of the case and it was the driver of the lorry (blame v)in terms of this severe traffic accident, the police had figured out the cause of the case and it was the driver of the lorry it.(blame n)【答案】blamedonto blamethat was to blamethat should take the blame for.课文语法填空根据p23课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。john snow was a famous doctor in london, who was so expert that he 1. (attend) queen victoria as her personal physician. but he was famous for 2. (defeat)“king cholera”cholera was a 3. (dead) disease and neither its cause 4. its cure was understood. john snow wanted to face the challenge and solve the problem. he suspected that people absorbed this