高三英语一轮复习 语法填空习教学设计.doc

语法填空 i. teaching goals1. to master the methods and techniques to fill in the blanks .2. to improve the ability of analyzing the sentence structure .3. to apply the grammar to practice freely4. to enjoy the pleasure of learning english ii. teaching important points to master the methods and techniques to fill in the blanks .iii. teaching difficult points to improve the ability of analyzing the sentence structure .iv. teaching methods team work learning，task-based learning，inquiry，prediction and processingv. teaching aids a projector and some slidesteaching procedures & ways vi. teaching procedures:注: ip=interactive pattern; t=teacher; ss=students; cw=class work; iw=individual work; pw=pair work; gw=group workactivitiesintentionsip&timegreetingsstep 1learning aimst and ss share the learning aims together.明确教学目标，有的放矢。cw1lead-instep 2learn the demands of the exam together 1. 考纲要求2. 命题特点明确考纲要求和命题特点为学生理清复习思路cw1step 3brainstormingt asks ss one question: 当我们遇到所给词是动词时该如何解决？通过问题引入，激发学生的兴趣，调动学生思维。cw2step4有提示词的解题技巧技巧1：首先要分析该空的句子成分,再确定词性和词形。技巧2：句中缺失谓语，要考虑时态和语态。技巧3：若提示词是动词，在句中不做谓语，需优先考虑非谓语动词to do, doing, done。技巧4：adj.或adv.最常考, 词形变换和级别最重要。逐步调动学生思维，渐入佳境。cw2step 5无提示词的解题技巧1名词/代词/动名词前设空，首先考虑限定词2分析句子关系，正确使用连接词通过讲解技巧，帮助学生迅速锁定答题方向。iwpw2step 6真题重做2015新课标卷12015 新课标卷11通过研做真题，找出考点命题规律和复习方向cw10step 7考点分析讲解部分难题，加深学生理解。iw5step 8跟踪练习 学生到前面展示cw5step 9规律总结总结规律帮助学生内化信息，将从本课学习的知识通过自己的语言输出来加深掌握cw5homework step9复习不规则动词的过去是过去分词及现在分词经过上一步的小结，学生已经掌握做语法填空题的规律和特点。cw4vii. teaching reflection掌握好解题思路可以帮助学生在更短的时间里理清思路，弄清楚如何做题，并有效的抓住得分。做语法填空题时，可以用一种由大及小的思路去（其根据是此题的特点-语境与语法相结合）思考答案。也就是说，可以从“篇章，句子，词汇”三个层面去思考。1.通读全文，理解大意，把握语篇，弄清文脉在做语法填空题时，考生不要读一句就填一个答案，而是要先把括号里有提示的空格视为已知条件，然后再通读全文，了解全文大意之后，从语篇着手，知道文段的内容及要点。2.分析句子，结合语境，试填空格，先易后难 “授人以鱼不如授人以渔”。 解题技巧可以帮助学生在更短的时间内更有效地答题，其指的是：遵循一般规律，分析具体情况，结合语境做出正确判断。每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据，所以在做该题时，归根到底其实就是寻找依据。 附教案：高三英语语法填空专题复习 【learning aims】 : 5. to master the methods and techniques to fill in the blanks .6. to improve the ability of analyzing the sentence structure .7. to apply the grammar to practice freely8. to enjoy the pleasure of learning english 一、【高考要求】语法填空题考纲要求：共10 小题，每小题1.5分。在一篇约200词左右的语言材料中留出10 个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容（不多于三个单词）或所提供单词的正确形式本部分所需时间约为10分钟。 二、【语法填空命题特点】1. 语法和词汇（考试重点）；上下文连贯性（语境）。语法填空题的出题特点：提示性填空题和自由填空两大类。提示性填空主要考察动词（包括时态、语态和非谓语动词）、形容词和副词（包括形容词和副词之间词性转换和词形转化以及比较级和最高级的变化）以及名词（比较少，但是曾有词性转换方面的题出现）。而自由填空主要集中在冠词（和名词相生相依）、代词、介词、连词和关系词几个方面。2. 语法填空涉及到的语法项目：1名词2代词3数词4介词和介词短语5形容词6副词7冠词8.动词（时态、语态、非谓语动词）9构词法10主谓一致11连词（并列句、主从句、并列复合句）12句子成分 13.句子种类14省略15倒装16.强调17.虚拟语气18.特殊句式三、【语法填空解题方法】（一）提示性填空的做题方法1. 动词（1）如果所给词是动词，首先判断该动词在句中充当谓语还是非谓语。空格前如果是比较复杂动名词、不定式或者主语从句，要注意主谓一致，此外要根据上下文判断句子的时态和语态。china _(spend )a lot of money on such research over the past years .as the program shows ,working with the family ,rather than bypassing the parents ,_(be )the most effective way of helping children get off to the best possible start in life .cupboards in her kitchen_(fill )with things that she didnt need at all . the chinese language ,as a whole ,_ (use )the same set of character ,can have different pronunciations . all the customers who went to the new supermarket had one strong wish to be the lucy customer who did not have to pay for her shopping, for the notice inside the entrance_(say ),“remember, once a week one of our customers gets free goods . ” （2）如果句子不缺谓语，而所给词又是动词，如果能排除是词形转换题的话，那么这个空一定是非谓语动词。要清楚的知道非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词以及他们的被动式和完成式等。同时要记住动词不定式在句子中可以充当除了谓语之外的所有句子成分，多数情况下，动词不定式表示动作还未发生；动名词可以在句子中做主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词和过去分词做定语、状语、补语和表语。同时，现在分词通常表示动作正在进行，和逻辑主语是主谓关系，而过去分词表示动作已完成或者和逻辑主语是动宾关系。there are many positive developments _(associate )with the internet he placed the boxes _(fill )with toys into the basement .the chinese scientist tu you you also discovered artemisinin（青蒿素）,a drug sharply reduced the death rates for patients _(suffer )from malaria （疟疾） .campbell_(bear )in ireland and japanese omura won half of the prize for a new drug，which has helped the battle against river blindness，as well as showingpowerful effect against other diseases.the student turned to the professor ,_(say) ,“lets play a trick on him .”（3） 基本知识掌握后，还要关注上下文中提供的关键词来判断是哪种非谓语动词形式，比如watch, see, notice, hear等词，那么有doing 和do 两种情况，诸如此类的加动词不定式和动名词的单词和短语同学们都积累了不少，所以只要做题时加以关注，还是没有问题的。现在分词和过去分词的判定比不定式和动名词要难，但是，只要记住固定句式结构之外就是要找准动词和逻辑主语之间的关系，尤其是主句之前或者之后出现了逗号这种情况，尤其要引起注意。如she let me choose my sleep medicine , _(make )sure that i was okay. as we started to go out , i turned around and saw them all _(watch ) us .another tradition is to have their photographs _(take ).（4）词形变化the cards often included an _(invite )to the ceremony .2. 形容词和副词第一，要确切的知道，形容词在句子中充当的句子成分和所处位置。a.形容词可以放在名词前面做定语；b.形容词可以在系动词后面作表语；c.形容词可以放在宾语后做宾语补足语。副词在句子中所充当的句子成分和所处的位置。a.副词放在动词的前后做动词状语；b.副词放在形容词前做形容词的状语；c.副词放在副词前面做状语。这样，学生会比较明确的判断句子所缺的是什么。如， his teacher took a deep drink, smiled_(warm),and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. the chinese scientist tu youyou also discovered artemisinin（青蒿素）,a drug_ (sharp) reduced the death rates for patients suffering from malaria （疟疾）.第二，要明确形容词和副词之间的词性和词形转换。根据前文，学生能够判断句子却的是形容词还是副词之后，根据上下文逻辑结构和句子意思，通过加减前后缀的办法把题目做正确。. his teacher took a deep drink, smiled _(warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. we drank together and talked _(merry) till far into the night. there was so much _(warm ) in each hug . she said to the reporters that the idea of helping somebodys child go to college gave her much _(please ).a government study has found that south korea children are the least happy compared to children in 29 other developed countries .many south koreas owe this _(unhappy )to the educational pressure . do not carry too much money or _(necessary )credit cards .第三，注意形容词和副词的比较级别，同级比较用as.as.和not so.as.,其中要加形容词副词的原级。用形容词和副词取决于前面的动词是系动词还是实意动词；比较级有比较连词than或者根据上下文判断有隐性的比较；最高级前面有标志性的词the或者修饰比较级常用词much/even /far/ by far /a bit /a little /a lot/a great deal / no/或序数词a government study has found that south korea children are the _(little )happy compared to children in 29 other developed countries . people in northern europe are much _(luck ).cook is a lot _(easy )for us than most of us think . 3. 名词名词在语法填空中出现的几率比较低，但是名词却是做自由填空的一个非常重要的参照物。名词在提示性填空部分，最可能出现的题就是动词转化成名词这种形式。但是学生必须明确名词的特点。单数可数名词前面必须有三类修饰限定词：a.必须有a/an, the ；b.必须有形容词性的物主代词；c.必须有指示代词this或者that以及不定代词。三者是必有其一，互不兼容。不可数名词最显著的特点就是不能与a/an连用，但是英语中要注意一词多义的情况。these two _(discover)provide humankind with a new way to fight these disease that affect hundreds of millions of people annually . the cards often included an _(invite )to the ceremony .my _(appoint)was at five and i still had twenty minutes . dont wait for an _(apologize ).（二）无提示词填空题的做题方法1. 介词介词包括表时间、方位、方式的介词on，in，at，with，by，through等。介词最大的特点可以和动词、形容词等构成固定短语，通常都是介词在后，再就是和名词构成固定短语，尤其是要注意是否加冠词的情况。同时，要清楚介词后通常都是加名词、代词（宾格、名词性物主代词、反身代词）、动名词和宾语从句等。. the young man went home_ a happy heart. when jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already _table having supper. i cried _ a loud voice, which made several people stare at me. the imaginary character does not only appeal _ females. finally , try to see things _ the other persons perspective .2. 连词连词的考查包括的内容比较宽泛，主要区分开两大部分，即并列句和复合句。这是做连词题的关键。 并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子，其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连结。包括表转折的连词but，while；表并列的连词and，or；表因果的连词because，so等等。 he was very tired after doing this for a whole day,_he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher. i dont remember what i told him that night , _i do remember i heard tom apologizing to dad for burning the toast . there were many people waiting at the bus stop , _some of them looked very anxious .从属复合句由一个主句（principal clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(subordinate clause)构成。用疑问词作引导词，主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；从句则是一个句子成分，不能独立存在。从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，就像一个句子一样。所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词（connective）引导。主从复合句包括形容词性从句（the attributive clause）；副词性从句（the adverbial clause）；名词性从句（the noun clause）三大类。主从复合句和并列句最大的区别就是主句对从句有很大的影响，从句是从属于主句的一个句子成分，有自己独立的主谓等句子成分的同时，还要受到主句的制约和影响。同时学生要对三大类句子的基本特点特别清楚，比如，定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选用，非限制性定语从句的特点等；名词性从句中同位语从句和定语从句的区别等。 when i turned around ,i saw a red car like my own come out of the street _i parked .campbellborn in ireland and japanese omura won half of the prize for a new drug，_has helped the battle against river blindness，as well as showingpowerful effect against other diseases. if you miss this chance , it may be years_ you get another one . the next day , my brother and i went to the beach _we watched some people play volleyball. reading her biography ,i was lost in admiration for _doris had achieved in literature .3. 冠词 冠词的用法主要和名词连在一起，根据上下文进行判断是用定冠词还是不定冠词，还要注意首字母是元音还是辅音因素 如 an hour/an honor/an honest man 。含有冠词的固定搭配 如all of a sudden ,in a hurry ,take an interest in ,have a good knowledge of ,have a good understanding of the prize winning is_honor for chinas science cause and traditional chinese medicine.today the internet is playing _ important and essential role in our life . make sure that as you read , you make _ quick note of what happens in each chapter . a government study has found that south korea children are _ least happy compared to children in 29 other developed countries .you are mistaken if you think all chinese people speak in _ same way. 4.代词 在语法填空里，考查比较多的有物主代词（形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词）和不定代词，反身代词。 hongbao seems to be on everyones lips these days，_ origins are rooted in history . in fact , micro blog _(oneself ) is of little harm .（三）特殊句式：倒装句；强调句；省略句；感叹句;祈使句及固定句型的考查。 it is your attitude towards it _ matters . children , when _(accompany )by their parents ,are allowed to enter the stadium . _ strange a plant ! _ (call ) me tomorrow and ill let you know the lab result . only when the war was over _the young soldier return to his hometown . he was looking a house _ he saw an advertisement in a newspaper one day . it has bee five years _ i came to canada to study english .（四）上下文逻辑for one thing , it can provide a colorful platform to shoe their talent. for _, it is a useful way to release their pressure【体验高考】yangshuo, china （2015 新课标1）it was raining lightly when i_(arrive) in yangshuo just before dawn. but i didnt care. a few hours_, id been at home in hong kong, with _ (it) choking smog. here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.id skipped nearby guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the li river_ _are pictured by artists in so many chinese _(painting). instead, i d head straight for yangshuo. for those who fly to guilin, its only an hour away _car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.yangshuo _(be) really beautiful. a study of travelers_(conduct) by the website trip advisor names yang shuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. and the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in asia. abercrombie & kent, a travel company in hong kong, says it_(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_(live) in shanghai and hong kong. （2015 .新课标11）the adobe dwellings(土坯房）_(build) by the pueblo indians of the american southwest are admired by even _ most modern of architects and engineers. in addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _(able) to “air condition” a house without _（use）electric equipment. walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_（slow）during cool nights，thus warning the house. when a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _(cool) the house during the hot day: _ the same time, they warm up again for the night this cycle _ (go) day after day: the walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset（抵消）for the outside temperatures. as _(nature) architects, the pueblo indians figured out exactly _thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 【限时训练】passage 1are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?in 1969,the pollution was terrible along the cuyahoga xkb1river cleveland, ohio. it _（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. the river was so polluted that it _(actual)caught fire and burned. now, ears later, this river is one of _most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.but the river wasnt changed in a few days _even a few months. it took years of work_(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_(clean) than ever. maybe you are facing an impossible situation. maybe you leave a habit _is driving your family crazy. possibly you dr