木材专业名词.doc

一、木材的缺陷:节子knot 活节live knot 死节dead knot 夹皮bark pocket 腐朽rot变色stain木材变色wood stain化学变色chemical stain木材腐朽rot/decay环裂shake裂纹check表面裂纹surface check干裂crack/seasoning check内部干裂inner check缺陷defect边材sap虫眼insect hole/worm hole丹宁tannin侧弯spring两端翘/顺弯bow/bowing翘曲warping扭曲distortion/twist变形deformation二、木材树干trunk树皮bark/cortex年轮growth ring/annual ring假年轮faulse annual ring 木材缺陷defect of wood针叶树conifer灌木shrub/bush 落叶树deciduous tree长绿树evergreen纹理grain纹理方向grain direction交错纹理cross grain有纹理的grained斜纹理dip grain火焰纹flame figure径切面纹理comb-grain弦切面纹理flat-grain导管vessel木纤维woodfiber外观缺陷open defect心材heart wood边材sapwood/duramen内含边材inside sapwood 采伐cutting/felling/logging木浆wood pulp三、木材处理及加工1、变色处理沉泡immersion 内应力internal stress变色discoloration漂白剂bleach漂白bleaching灭火装置fire extinguishing device2、干燥处理含水率moisture content自然晾晒natural seasoning/air seasoning干燥窑dry kiln窑干kiln-seasoning干燥时间drying time最初含水率initial moisture content动态平衡active equilibrium水分平衡water equilibrium化学成分chemical composition采样sampling随机取样random sampling安全措施safety measures偶然误差random error熏蒸fumigation毛刺wooly grain3、胶胶粘性adhesivness固化剂hardener胶粘剂adhesive胶层lacquering line漆膜形成varnish formation调胶glue mixing涂胶glue-spreading单面涂胶single spread gluing涂胶/开胶degumming缺胶层starved glue line4、漆底漆priming paint /primer有机溶剂organic solvent二道底漆interlayer底色bottom color 底涂bottom coat/priming paint 喷漆spray painting喷涂spray coating表面涂刷external coating初涂initial coatingVarnish清漆清漆varnish paint/varnish 水性涂料water paint稀料thinner防潮漆damp-proof paint涂膜paint film透明漆clear finishes树脂resin固体含量solid content浓度consistency防水剂water-proof agent颜料pigment沉淀剂sendimentation agent沉淀sendimentation搅匀homogenize质量要求demand on quality5、板材种类人造板artificial boards复合板材composite wood board芯板材core board装饰板decorative board细木工板blockboard纤维板fiber board中密度纤维板medium-density fiberboard刨花板chipboard麦秸板straw board软质纤维板non-compressed fiberboard规格板standard board6、加工工艺横截crosscut方材square废木/残材refuse wood木片/碎料wood chip锯屑saw dust切削成型cut-to-shape筛选screen开榫tenon打榫眼mortise梳齿榫finger joint开槽groove cutting钻孔boring集成材fingerboard压刨thicknessing平刨planing分选selection盘头end trimming/horizontal trimming 方边edge trimming/panel sizing在齿上刷胶cementing拼板splicing横拼cross feed splicing检验inspection砂光sanding腻子wood putty/wood flour打磨abrading组装assembly7、设备单面木工刨床single-side woodworking thicknesser木工平刨床surface planer单片锯/速锯single sizer圆锯circular saw 齐端截锯机equalizer梳齿榫开榫机finger joint shaper指接机finger jointing machine/finger joint assembler/finger joint clamp四面刨four-sides planing and moulding machine芯板拼板机lumber core composer裁板锯panel sizing saw截头锯cut-off saw宽带砂光机wide belt sander带锯band saw推台锯sliding table saw万能锯universal saw镂铣机high speed router铣床moulder/shaper/miller单轴多排木工钻床single-head multi-hole boring machine双轴多排木工钻床double-head multi-hole boring machine卧带式砂光机horizontal belt sander立带式砂光机vertical belt sander砂布/砂纸abrasive cloth/sanding paper盘式打磨机impact disk mill8、家具五金件Hinge 合叶脚轮caster滑道chute滑动卡尺slide caliperKnob （门，抽屉等的）球型捏手Dimension 尺寸（任何一种量度）/大小Screen屏幕/帘子/隔板9、家具Buffet 碗橱/餐具架Chest 橱/柜/箱Chest of drawers五斗柜Shelve把放在架子上Wardrobe衣柜/衣橱Wardrobe case挂衣箱Wardrobe bed衣柜床Rack 行李架/货架Display rack陈列商品的货架10、装饰材料Moulding 线条Base mouldings壁带Casing 门窗框Siding 侧线/外壁板Crowns 花冠Concave 凹的Concavity凹状Strip 条/带、 条纹/边框/边条Bevel 斜角/斜面Groove 沟/槽Angle 角度Inclination 倾斜/斜度/斜角Crib 婴儿床/栅栏Profile轮廓/外观/简介Panel (常为矩形的)镶板/护墙板/建筑板材 Stool 内窗台/凳子Rabbet (木板等的)槽口,开槽口于Sash 窗扇Ply 使胶合/(木的)板层Sill 门槛/窗台Wainscot 壁板/装饰墙壁的材料Wainscoting 壁板料/壁板Dado 护墙板Closet 壁橱/小房间Cabinet 橱柜Baluster 栏杆的支柱/栏杆Balu