重庆市万州分水中学高中英语《Unit 3 Computer》全员探究教学案 新人教版必修2.doc

重庆市万州分水中学高中英语必修二unit 3 computer 全员探究教学案兄弟俩共有这家公司。the two cultures _.这两种文化具有许多相同之处。jane and i have nothing in common(=i have nothing in common with jane).我与简毫无共同之处。思维拓展 in common with 和一样（作方式状语）。例如： , he likes football.他和很多其他的男孩一样喜欢足球。have nothing in common 无共同之处have little in common 几乎无共同之处have something in common 有一些共同之处have a lot in common 有许多共同之处以下是从英国国家语料库中精选出来的几个例句：（1）you know, dorothy, you and i have one thing in common（2）we just had nothing in common and i couldnt communicate with his dull business friends（3）i suddenly felt we had a lot in commontom and i have nothing in common.= i 我和汤姆没有共同之处。 问题探究 你能说出common, ordinary和usual的区别吗？提示：这三个词都有“普通的”意思，但含义有细微的不同。common 指“共有的，公共的；共同的；常见的”。例如：he is their common enemy.他是他们共同的敌人。the problems are common to all societies.这些问题是所有社会的通病。common作“普通的”讲可与ordinary换用。如“普通人”也可说成common people。ordinary 意为“普通的，平淡无奇的”，指没有什么特别的地方。例如：we are all ordinary people.我们都是普通人。he is in ordinary clothes.他穿着平常的衣服。usual 意思是“平常的，通常的，一向的”，含有遵循常规的、习惯性的、一贯如此的意思。例如：tea is considered to be the usual drink of the british people.茶被认为是英国人的日常饮料。he made the usual mistakes that all beginners make.他犯的就是那些初学这老犯的错误。2. in ones opinion 依某人看，据某人认为in the opinion of sb 依某人看，据某人认为in my opinion, the sum is not enough. 在我看来，这笔钱不够。思维拓展 have a good/high opinion of=think well/highly of 对评价高have a bad/low opinion of=think ill/poorly of 对评价低give/express ones opinion on/upon 对发表意见 学以至用in _ opinion, we have a lot _. a. me; in common b. my; in peace c. we; common d. my; in common解析答案为d。in ones opinion 依某人看，据某人认为；in common共有，共用。reading1.my real father was alan turing, who in 1936 wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and built a “universal machine” to solve any mathematical problem.我真正的父亲是艾伦图灵，他在1936年曾经写过一本书，书中描述了使用计算机工作的方法，并且还制作了一台“通用机器”来解决数学问题。该句为多重复合句。who之后全部为定语从句部分，wrote和built为定语从句中的并列谓语。 describe要点导航 describe vt.描述，描绘。用法如下： describe sth. (to sb) （向某人）描述。例如：_语言难以描述她的美。can you describe him to me? 你能向我描述一下他的样子吗？ describe wh-clause 描述。例如：_谈谈你是怎样做这事的。he described how she looked in the dress. 他描述了她穿着那件衣服的样子。 describe doing 描述。例如：several people described seeing strange lights in the sky.好几个人都说看到天上出现了奇异光芒。he described _his mother lying on the floor. 他描述说下楼时发现他妈妈躺在地板上。 describeas 把说成。例如：_她说他是个撒谎的人。john described himself as a doctor. 约翰自称是医生。he described my plan unrealistic. 他批评我的计划不切实际。思维拓展 description u & c 记述，描写，描绘。beyond description_例如：the girl gave a description of what she had seen. 小女孩描述了她所见到的一切。the scenery of guilin is beautiful beyond description. 桂林的风景美得难以形容。 solve 要点导航 solve v.解答（难题）；解决（困难）。例如：xiao ming solved the maths problem by himself at last. 小明终于自己解出了数学难题。help me to solve my financial troubles. 帮我解决我的经济困难。 思维拓展 solve和settle辨析：settle 意为“解决，处理”，后常接“事情，争论”等方面的词汇，如affair, matter, business, argument, disagreement, dispute等。例如：they settled the dispute among themselves.他们自己把这个争论解决了。they settled the quarrel out of court.他们以庭外和解的方式解决了争端。solve 意指“解答，解决”，后常接“问题，困难”方面的词，如problem, difficulty, riddle, puzzle等。例如：he alone will be able to solve the riddle.只有他才能解开那个谜。2. however, people thought i was simple-minded until they discovered i had “artificial intelligence”.可是，人们认为我头脑简单，直到发现我有人工智能时，他们才不这么想了。(1) simple-minded要点导航 simple-minded adj.头脑简单的。例如：she wasnt as simple-minded as people thought. 她不像人们想的那样头脑简单。the people said she was simple-minded.人们说他头脑简单。问题探究 下列复合形容词与simple-minded结构相同，你能把它们译,成汉语吗？ absent-minded_, small-minded_, broad-minded_, noble-minded_, open-minded_, narrow-minded_, single-minded_, strong-minded_, weak-minded_ (2) intelligence要点导航 intelligence u 智力，才智。例如：he has intelligence. 他才思敏捷。he is a person_.他是一位智力高的/一般的/低下的人。have you taken an intelligence test? 你参加过智力测试没有？思维拓展 intelligent adj.有智力的，有理性的，理解力强的。例如：a dolphin is an intelligent animal. 海豚是有智力的动物。the girl looks intelligent. 这女孩看起来聪明伶俐。 问题探究 你知道iq是什么意思吗？提示：智商 (intelligence quotient)。3. anyway, lets go back to my history. 无论如何，让我们追溯一下我的历史。要点导航 anyway adv. 无论如何，反正（句子副词，等于anyhow。用于转换话题或回到原话题时）。例如：anyway its worth trying. 不管怎样，值得试一下。thats not my fault, anyway. 反正那不是我的错。anyway i must finish the work today. 无论如何，我今天必须完成工作。思维拓展 anyway adv.总之（句子副词，用于结束谈话时）。例如：anyway, i must be going now. 总之，我现在得走了。anyway, after three months at the clinic, shed made a full recovery.总之，在诊所治疗三个月后，她完全康复了。4. as the years have gone by, i have been made smaller and smaller._, i have been made smaller and smaller.一年一年过去了，我被制造得越来越小。此处as引导时间状语从句，表示“一边一边”、“随着”之意。要点导航 go by （时间）过去，流逝；经过，走过（某处）。例如：several years went by before we met again.过去了好几年我们才再度见面。dont let this opportunity _. 不要错失良机。a squad car went by (us) at full speed.一辆巡逻车以全速驶过（我们的）身旁。思维拓展 go after 追求 go against 反对 go ahead 先行一步；进展go over 复习 go out 熄灭 go though 经历；经受；仔细检查go on with 继续 go in for 爱好；从事 go off 悄悄离开；食物变坏 go on进展；时间的过去（重过程 ） pass by sb从某人旁边经过学以至用 i dont _ rock n roll. its much too noisy for my taste.（2004北京） a. go after b. go away with c. go into d. go in for 解析 go after 追求；go away with与某人一块离开；go into 进入；go in for 爱好，从事。答案为d。5. no one could recognize me after i got my transistors in the 1960s. 二十世纪六十年代我有了新的晶体管之后，就没有人能认出我来了， 要点导航 in /during the 1960s在二十世纪60年代。表示“几十”的年代词之后加-s，前面加定冠词，可表示某个世纪的多少年代。例如： the steel works was built in the 1950s. 这家钢厂建于20世纪50年代。the novel was written during the 1980s and the 1990s.这部小说是在20世纪80年代至90年代期间著成的。问题探究 请翻译下面的短语： 在20世纪60年代初期_ 在20世纪60年代后期_ 在他60多岁时_ in 1960_6.and my memory became so large that i couldnt believe it!我的记忆力变得那么大以至于我都不能相信了。要点导航 sothat 意思是”太以至于”，引导结果状语从句。 adj./adv.+ that-clause so + adj.+ a/an + 单数可数名词 + that-clause many/much/few/little + n.+ that-clauseso与many/ few/ little/ much 连用 当little修饰可数指大小时与such连用。shes so ill that she cant get out of bed.她病得很重，都下不了床了。there were _i had to write it again. 作文中有那么多错误，我不得不重写。拓展 suchthat 意为”太以至于”，也引导结果状语从句。有以下用法： a/an + adj. + 单数可数名词 + that-clause such + adj.+ 复数名词 + that-clause adj.+ 不可数名词 + that-clausethese are such interesting books that children like to read them.这些书很有趣，孩子们喜欢读。so that 既可以表达结果，又可以表达目的，表目的相当于in order that。i stopped so that you could catch up.我停下来以便你能赶上sothat结构的so+形容词/副词位于句首时，主句要倒装。so hard does he work that he seldom goes home.他工作那么努力，几乎不回家。suchas中的as引导的是一个定语从句。学以至用 1)he was such _ good speaker that he held our attention every minute of _three-hour lecture.a不填; the ba; 不填ca; the da; a 解析答案为c。考查such+a/an + adj. + 单数可数名词 + that-clause结构和冠词的用法。2). i hurried _ i wouldnt be late for class（met87）asincebso that cas ifdunless 3)it is _ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it（98上海卷） aso unusual bsuch unusual csuch an unusual dso an unusual _ 汤姆跑得如此快以致于没有人赶上他(catch up with)its so interesting a book that i have read it many times. = its heavy a stone no one can lift it.its heavy a stone no one can lift. 问题探究 sothat和suchthat可以相互转换，请把下面的句子转换为sothat结构：it was such a warm day that they all went outing.=_7. but i was always so lonely standing there by myself, until in the early 1960s, they gave me a family connected by a network.但我总是独立一处异常孤独，直到20世纪60年代早期，他们给了我一个与因特网相连的家庭。本句为含有until引导的时间状语从句的复合句。主句中现在分词短语standing there by myself作方式状语，从句中过去分词短语connected by a network作后置定语。要点导航 lonely adj.（指人）孤独的，寂寞的；（指地方）偏僻的，荒凉的。例如：dont you get lonely being on your own all day?你整天孤身一人不感到寂寞吗？was there someone else_？这个荒岛上还有别的人吗？思维拓展 lonely和alone辨析：lonely 仅能作形容词，表示“孤独的，寂寞的”讲含有浓厚的感情色彩，指因缺少友谊、关怀而产生的一种忧郁、悲伤的情绪。可作定语或表语。例如：the lonely old man lived on the river bank.那位孤独的老人住在河边。when his wife and two little children left him, he was very lonely.妻子和两个孩子离他而去后,他很孤独。alone 既可作形容词又可作副词。作形容词意为“单独的”，指单独一人、无其他人，常用作表语或宾语补足语。作副词意为“单独，独自”，常作状语。例如：_我独居，但不孤独。she lives all alone in that large house. 她独自住在那所大房子里。alone作“仅仅，只有”讲，常置于名词或代词后作后置定语。例如：julie alone knew the terrible truth.只有朱莉一个人知道可怕的真相。问题探究 你知道alone, by oneself, on ones own有什么区别吗？8. since then, my family and i have been used by billions of people to deal with information and communicate with each other around the world by the internet. 从那时起，我和我的家族成员被亿万人用来处理信息，并通过因特网在世界范围内彼此沟通。 since then要点导航 since then 自那时起（与完成时连用）。例如：things_ much since then. 从那时起，情况并没有太大的改变。he went to turkey in 1956 and has lived there since then. 他于1956年去了土耳其，自那以后一直生活在那里。思维拓展 since用于完成时态的其他情况：ive not heard from him since i wrote last.自从上次写信以来，我还未收到他的来信。（since连词）he has been working in the lab since one oclock.他从一点起就一直在实验室工作。（since介词）she was hit by a car a month ago and has been in hospital since.一月前被车撞伤以后，她一直住在医院。（since副词）itbe一段时间since从句 -whats the party like？-wonderfulits years _ i enjoyed myself so much（met93） aafter bbefore cwhen dsince 他参军5年了。_=_=_他不在这儿已经2年了。_ deal with要点导航 deal with 对待；处理；涉及，论及；与交易。例如：such people are difficult to deal with. 这种人不好相处。how are you going to deal with the water pollution of this area?你们打算怎样处理本地区的水污染问题呢？this book deals with the middle east. 这本书是关于中东的。ive dealt with this shop for 20 years. _思维拓展 do with 对待，处理（与what连用）；以对付过去，忍受（与助动词连用）。例如：the new teacher didnt know what to do with the class.那位新老师不知道该如何对待他班上的学生。he didnt know what to do with the property his father had left.他不知道如何处理他父亲留下的财产。can you do with a five-yuan note? 给你五块钱够吗？i cant do with the loud noise. 我无法忍受那种噪音。辨析作”对待，处理”解，二者同义，deal with与how搭配，do with与what搭配。学以至用he knows _ to deal with man but when he meets women, he doesnt know _ to do.a. what; how b. what; what c. how; what d. how; how解析 作”对待，处理”解，do with 和deal with同义，deal with与how搭配，do with与what搭配。答案为c。比较： 我不知道如何对待她。i dont know how to deal with her./i dont know what to do with her. 你将把那封信如何处理？how will you deal with the letter?/what will you do with the letter? 我不知道如何处理这个问题。 玛丽很难相处。 你打算如何处理这些旧书呢？9. i love being used to connect people who arent close enough to speak to each other. 我喜欢被相距遥远不能交谈的人们用来彼此联系。句中who引导的定语从句修饰people。being used为动名词被动式，作love的宾语。(1) love doing/to do要点导航 love doing/to do 喜欢、爱好做某事。love后接动名词作宾语和不定式作宾语，含义基本相同。例如：my dad love going to football games.我父亲爱去看足球赛。i love to go out dancing.我喜欢出去跳舞。思维拓展 would（should）like（love）to do sth很喜欢、很愿意做某事。该结构中只能用不定式，不能接动名词。例如：would you love to go swimming with us? 你愿意和我们一起去游泳吗？id love her to come and live with us. 我很愿意她来和我们住在一起。id love to, but i am afraid i cant come tomorrow morning.我倒是希望明天上午来, 但恐怕来不了。1).i would love _ to the party last night，but i had to work extra hours to finish a report（nmet97） ato gobhaving gone cgoingdto have gone 2).jim should love _ to the theatre this evening（nmet92）ato be takenbto take cbeing taken dtaking (2) notenough to do 要点导航 notenough to do 不以致不能。（注意该结构中的不定式是被否定的）。例如：he isnt old enough to join the army. 他年龄尚小，不能参军。he wasnt tall enough to reaching the ceiling.他个子不高，未触及到房顶。he isnt strong enough to lift the stone.他身体不够强壮，不能举起这石块。问题探究 请把上面的句子改为tooto结构。 _using language1. the 21st century is the century of information and technology.21世纪是信息技术世纪。要点导航 technology n.技术；工艺学。例如：hes studying engineering at a school of technology.他在工学院研究工程学。people today enjoy a high level of technology.现代人享受高水准的技术。思维拓展 technology 与technique辨析：technology 是“技术，工艺”在学术理论上的总称。例如：science and technology 科学技术technique 常指某种具体的技术、技艺。例如：the technique of auto motion 自动化技术2. what are the advantages and disadvantages of each one?每一个的优势和劣势是什么？要点导航 advantage u & c 优势，优点。例如：it is an advantage if you know how to type.如果你会打字，将对你有利。i had the advantage of him. 我比他占优势。take an advantage of=make full use of_have/gain/win an advantage over/of sb_思维拓展 advantage, profit与benefit辨析：advantage指物质利益及竞争中所占的优势或有利条件。例如：your fluency in the english language gives you an advantage over the other candidate for the job.你流利的英语使你有胜过其他求职者的优势。profit多局限于物或金钱的利益，指“利润”时，常用复数。例如：they are tireless in hunting for super profits.他们不倦的追求超额利润。benefit最常用，可兼指物质利益和精神方面的好处。例如：he received much benefit from reading the novels.读小说使他受益匪浅。3.disagree vi. 不同意；意见不合；不一致；不适合。要点导航 disagree with sb 不同意某人的观点 disagree with sb on/about sth 和某人在某事上观点不同she disagrees_. 在任何事情上她都与他意见不同。i quite disagree with what you say.你所说的我很不赞成。ice-cream always_.我吃了冰淇淋总是感到不舒服。思维拓展 agree on sth对意见一致 agree to同意计划、建议等agree with同意某人的意见；与一致；适合 agree to do sth同意干什么事同意某人干某事，不能说agree sb to do sth，要说 allow/permit sb to do sth我不同意你单独去那儿。_学以至用we had sent for him several times, but he _ at once.a. disagree to come b. didnt agree to come c. didnt agree coming d. agreed to come解析答案为b。agree to do sth同意干某事。4. personally, i think the team won first prize cheated.就我而言，我认为获胜的队作弊了。(1) personally (personally speaking) 要点提示 personally adv.就个人而言（修饰句子）。例如：personally, i am against his suggestion. 就我个人来说，我是反对他的建议的。personally adv.亲自地，由本人（修饰动词）。例如：the managing director wrote personally to thank me.那位总经理亲自写信向我表示感谢。 总统亲自回复她的回信。 就我个人而言，我不喜欢这幅画。思维拓展 personal adj. 个人的，私人的，亲自的ask personal questions 询问私人问题 一封私人信件。（2）辨析win: 获胜，赢得（宾语为比赛、战争、奖品、胜利等）beat: 击败某人（多指在比赛中），宾语为人或表示人的团体defeat vt. 击败，战胜（侧重于在战争中击败对方；在比赛中击败某人等同于beat） 她在音乐比赛中获得头等奖。you beat me in the race, but ill beat you at tennis.赛跑我输给了你，但打网球我将赢你。 他们在战斗中击败了敌人。5. i think we can work together to create an even better system.我想我们可以合作创造出一个更好的系统要点导航 create vt.创造，创作，创建。例如：scientists_.科学家对对宇宙是怎样形成的有分歧。the main purpose of industry is to create wealth.工业的主要宗旨是创造财富。the government plans to create more jobs for young people.政府计划为年轻人创造更多的就业机会。思维拓展 create, invent, make和produce辨析：create指“有目的地把原材料制成新产品”，也指“ 创造出原来不存在或与众不同的事物”。例如：_人类创造了自己。invent指“通过想象、研究、劳动，创造出前所未有的东西”，尤指“科技上的发明创造”。例如：edison invented the light bulb.爱迪生发明了电灯炮。make是最常用词，指“通过劳动的任何制造、生产、形成或组成”。例如：he made a model plane out of wood.他用木头做了一架模型飞机。produce指“通过劳动、加工而生产产品”，尤指“工农业产品”。例如：we must produce more food for ourselves and import less.我们必须增产食品, 减少进口。填空that factory _cars.那家工厂生产小汽车。all kinds of precision machine tools are _in this factory.alexander graham bell _the telephone in 1876.6.in a way, my programmer is like my coach.从某种程度上看，我的程序员就好像是我的教练。要点导航 in a way 在某种程度上（表示对情况的态度）。例如：in a way, its kind of nice to be working alone.从某种意义上讲，独自一个人干活相当不错。in a way, it was one of our biggest mistakes.从某种意义上来说，这是我们所犯的最大错误之一。与in a way同义的词组有in one way 和in some ways。容易与之混淆的词组是in the way意为“造成阻碍”，请比较：in a way, i like this new textbook very much从某种程度上说，我很喜欢这本新教材。_看来你的自行车挡着道了。思维拓展 in one way 在某方面；in some ways 在某些方面；in no way 决不，无论如何不（位于句首构成倒装）；on ones way to在去的路上；by the way顺便说；in any way在任何方面；in every way在各方面；in the way和in ones way两个短语含义相同，均表示”挡住去路；碍事”之意。学以至用 i cant see the word on the blackboard. your head is _. a. on the way b. in a wayc. by the way d. in the way解析 in the way和in ones way，均表示”挡住去路；碍事”之意。答案为d。7. she programs me with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games. 她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能动作编入我得程序。该句中moves为先行词，其后的定语从句中含有一个省略的时间状语从句。要点导航 move n.步骤；行动；动作（与towards, to搭配）。例如：whats your next move? 你们的下一个步骤是什么？this is a move towards settling the strike.这是解决罢工的一种措施。he said he was starting his own company, which sounded a smart move.他说他要自己开公司，这听起来像是个聪明的做法。思维拓展 识记下列move构成的短语：make a move 采取行动，采取措施；移动，挪动on the move 在进展中；在移动中make the first move 先采取行动，先迈出第一步8. then she programs possible moves that i can use if a new situation arises.然后她把我在发生新情况时可能得上的动作（也）编制出程序。要点解析 arise vi.(arose, arisen) 出现；发生。例如：how did this quarrel arise? 这场争吵是由于何种原因引起的?辨析 arise, rise和raisearise 主要表示”出现，发生，呈现”等含义。主语一般为抽象名词，如problem, trouble, quarrel, difficulty, misunderstanding等。arise 也表示”升起；起来，起床”之意，但现在一般不用此义，而用rise或get up取代。rise vi. （太阳、月亮、星星）升起，出现；上涨；起身。raise vt. 升起；提高；饲养。appear 也表示”出现，发生”，是最一般的用词，主语一般是”事物”名词。例如：posters appeared all over town. 海报贴满全城。拓展 riseroserisen arisea