黑龙江省双城市高考英语阅读理解暑假专练（4）(1).doc

2015黑龙江省双城市高考英语阅读理解暑假专练（4）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。a(2013沈阳市二模，b)a recent research shows that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. but at the age of 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. these men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as interruptions in their daily routines.in general, these “short sleepers” appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, and very sure about their career choices. they often held several jobs at once, or worked fullor parttime while going to school. and many of them had a strong urge to appear “normal” or “acceptable” to their family, friends and so on.when asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. more than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. in similar situation, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.the sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients.the “long sleepers” were quite different indeed. the research shows that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. they seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally robbed of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. they tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers”文章大意：本文是一篇研究报告。报告中对“睡眠少”的人和“睡眠多”的人进行了对比分析，研究出了他们睡眠时间不同的原因，及其在梦境回忆、性格特点等方面的差异。1according to the report, _.amany “short sleepers” needed less sleep before they were teenagersbmany “short sleepers” were forced to reduce their nightly sleep timecmany “long sleepers” were quite concerned when they slept 9 hoursdmany “long sleepers” had kept their sleeping habits since childhood答案：d细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句“the research shows that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.”可知，答案d符合文义。2many “short sleepers” were likely to hold the view that _.asleep could make people appear active and cheerfulbsleep was the least important on their daily routinescthey were acceptable to all their friends and familydthey were less extreme than many mental patients答案：b推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“these men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as interruptions in their daily routines.”可推知，他们将睡眠看成日常生活的障碍，故答案b符合文义。3it can be concluded from the third paragraph that _.a“short sleepers” dealt with the psychological trouble themselvesb“short sleepers” were unwilling to face psychological problemsc“short sleepers” shortened the sleeping time because of pressuresd“short sleepers” would rather remember than forget their dreams答案：b细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“in similar situation, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed.”可推知，答案b符合文义。4what is the purpose of writing this passage?ato introduce the result of a recent research.bto advise people to sleep for a longer time.cto show the disadvantages of short sleeping.dto explain the advantages of long sleeping.答案：a写作意图题。根据文章第一段的开篇点题和对文章的整体理解可知，本文是一篇研究报告，写作的主要目的是：介绍研究的成果，故答案a符合文义。【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（1）】cis it hard to know how to react when your child hates reading, and even harder to figure-out how to inspire children to read? try these meaningful steps to help move your unwilling child toward a book-filled future.zero in on the childs interests. before you do anything, take a step back and examine what interests, or excites your child. knowing what-interests him or her can help you find out what types of books he or she may enjoy reading.start small. that your child likes to ride horses doesnt mean that he or she needs to start by reading the a -z history of horseback riding; that may be frightening, especially for an unwilling reader. instead, consider watching a horse race with your child. talk about the jockeys, the scores, the owners and the trainers. if the topic of interest is useless, start small by finding a magazine related to the subject. reading doesnt need to begin with a chapter book; many other texts and various types of magazines can be worthwhile for these situations.practice shared reading. shared reading could involve taking turns reading pages, or you and your child silently reading the same book. shared reading can vary depending on your childs age and needs. most kids really want to spend time with their parents, but once children reach seven or eight years old, many parents dont consider reading together. they think it is only meant for preschool or early elementary school days. for the ideal shared reading experience, choose texts that are rich, interesting and sure to lead to discussion. part of the sharing in shared reading involves talking about the book. perhaps several of your childs friends and their parents can start a book club where the books read through shared reading are discussed in a welcoming environment. besides, find a reliable, child-safe website where your child can post a review of that book.unwilling readers are often struggling readers, so creating safe and comfortable environments where fluent reading is modeled and where children are set up for success is the key. though there is no easy answer, it can help your child improve his reading interests. 36. why dont many parents consider reading with their children aged 7 or 8? a. they fail to k8now their childrens interests. b. they dont understand their childrens needs. c. they think it unnecessary to do so at this time. d. they have not prepared well yet. 37. finding a child-safe website can_. a. build up a good reading environment b. help children improve book reviews on the website c. help children get some information from the internet d. inspire children to create a review of the book they read38. according to the passage, in what order should we take the following steps to help the young unwilling readers? a. set up a book club for children. b. check what children like first of all. c. lead children to start with something easy. d. spend some time reading with children. a. a-c-d-b b. b-c-a-d c. b-d-a-c d. b-c-d-a39. we can conclude from the passage that_. a. these steps have no focus or direction b. these steps are not practical but easy to take c. these steps arent definitely reliable to operate d. these steps are not magic but every little step helps40. which of the following shows the organization of the passage? central point=cp（中心要点） point=p（要点）sub-point=sp（次要点）【参考答案】36-40 cddda 孩子不喜欢读书怎么办？作者介绍了提高孩子读书兴趣的几种做法，以帮助引导那些不愿意读书的孩子爱上读书。36. c。细节理解题。从第四段中.but once children reach seven or eight years old, many parents dont consider reading together. they think it is only meant for preschool or early elementary school days.可知答案。37. d。细节理解题。从第四段中besides, find a reliable, child-safe website where your child can post a review of that book.可知答案。38. d。细节理解题。从文章第二、三、四段的主题句（第一句）及第四段中perhaps several of your childs friends and their parents .in a welcoming environment.可知答案。39. d。推理判断题。从第一段中try these meaningful steps to help move your.与最后一段中though there is no easy answer, it can help your child improve his reading interests.可知答案。40. a。文章结构题。本文框架：总分总，分三个层次。第一段是第一层，也是全文的总领段。第二、三、四段之间为并列关系，是第二层。第三层包括两部分：第三段start small后半部分继续说明如何从小处开始，第四段practice shared reading后半段则继续说明如何进行分享阅读。第五段总结全文，与第一段呼应，也属于第一层次。故选a。阅读理解 (2013合肥市二模，b)walking in a farmers market often brings one to explore new food options, and now more locallyfarmed protein choices are available to help bridge the gap between our meals and the farms on which they originated. more and more local small farms are popping_up in opposition to factory farms.todays commercial farms do not fit the image that comes to mind while happily singing along to “old mcdonald”. instead, most of the nations food comes from cafos, confined animal feeding operations, where animals are kept in tightly enclosed conditions as they are fattened up and readied to be killed for food.fortunately, knowing exactly where ones food comes from has led to an increase in the availability of what is known as “grassfed” beef. technically, all cattle are grassfed for at least a limited amount of time, but what makes the meat significant is that it is grassfinished, not forcefed corn, soy or grains. this change in diet makes all the difference since corn is not part of the cows traditional diet, and therefore causes major health issues for it. to deal with the health issues, antibiotics (抗生素) are used and some of the antibiotics used to treat the cattle are similar to those given to humans, so they can decrease the effectiveness of medicine when a consumer is sick.a healthier diet for the cattle leads the meat to lower in both fat and calories. and when cooking grassfed beef, youd better use a slightly lower temperature to make it more delicious.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。为了应对机械化农业的弊端，越来越多的小农业开始兴盛起来了，它们生产的农畜牧产品不仅丰富了人们的一日三餐，同时也更绿色、更健康。5the underlined words “popping up” (in the 1st paragraph) probably means _.aimproving bfading cprofiting dappearing答案：d词义猜测题。根据文章第一句中“and now more locallyfarmed protein choices are available”可知，现在有更多的当地小农场喂养的动物可满足人们对蛋白质的需求，即当地出现了越来越多小农场，由此可知，appear与pop up意思最为接近，故答案d符合文义。6the song “old mcdonald” describes _.aanimals raised freely on local farmsbanimals kept in tightly enclosed conditionsccommercial farms providing fast fooddcommercial farms providing unpopular foods答案：a推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句“todays commercial farms do not fit the image.”的提示和下文对商业农场喂养动物的方法的描述可知，the song “old mcdonald”所描述的喂养方式正好和商业农场相反，由此可推知，答案a符合文义。7some medicines are less effective for beef consumers probably because _.asome cattle feed on grainsball cattle diet on grasscsome medicines are used to treat sick cattledsome antibiotics are used by both cattle and people答案：d细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句中“and some of the antibiotics used to treat the cattle are similar to those given to humans.”可推知，答案d符合文义。8we can infer from the text that _.afood from local farms can help add to the variety in our daily mealsbsoy or grains are on the list of traditional diets of the cattleccorn for the cattle leads the meat to lower in both fat and caloriesdlower temperature makes grassfed beef more delicious答案：a推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句“walking in a farmers market often brings one to explore new food options, and now more locallyfarmed protein choices are available to help bridge the gap between our meals and the farms on which they originated.”可推知，选项a“当地小农场的食物可以丰富我们的一日三餐”符合文义。b、c两项与原文不符；d项不是经过推理得出的，不符合题意，故排除。阅读理解 (2013哈尔滨市质检，d)as the richest country in the world, youd expect that qatar would also be the happiest. and youd also expect japanese people to be extremely positive, seeing as though they have the highest life expectancy. but clearly wealth and good health do not guarantee happiness after both countries failed to make the top ten most positive countries.the poll (民意测验) of nearly 150 000 people around the world found that seven of the worlds 10 countries with the most upbeat attitudes are in latin america. gallup asked about 1 000 people in each of 148 countries if they were wellrested, had been treated with respect, smiled or laughed a lot, learned or did something interesting and felt feelings of enjoyment the previous day.in panama and paraguay, 85 percent of those polled said yes to all five, putting those countries at the top of the list. they were followed closely by el salvador, venezuela, trinidad and tobago, thailand, guatemala, the philippines, ecuador and costa rica.the people least likely to report positive emotions lived in singapore, the wealthy and orderly citystate that ranks among the most developed in the world. other wealthy countries also sat surprisingly low on the list. germany and france tied with the poor african state of somaliland for 47th place.many of the seven countries which were most positive do poorly in traditional measures of wellbeing, like guatemala, a country torn by decades of civil war followed by waves of gangdriven criminality that give it one of the highest killing rates in the world. guatemala sits just above iraq on the united nations human development index, a composite of life expectancy, education and per capita income. but it ranks seventh in positive emotions. in guatemala, its a culture of friendly people who are always smiling, said luz castillo, a 30yearold surfing instructor. despite all the problems that were facing, were surrounded by natural beauty that lets us get away from it all.the poll shows that prosperous nations can also be deeply unhappy ones. and povertystricken ones are often positive, or at least a close approximation (大约) of it.文章大意：本文为一篇调查报道。通过对世界各国的民意测验发现，幸福指数与健康和财富无关。12_ may feel the most unhappy according to the poll.apeople from qatar bpeople from thailandcpeople from japan dpeople from singapore答案：d细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“the people least likely to report positive emotions lived in singapore”可知，通过民意测验生活在新加坡的人民的幸福指数最低。故答案选d。13the underlined word “gallup” in paragraph 2 refers to _.aa country ba polling organizationca person da magazine答案：b推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句可知，这项民意测验调查了世界各地的15万人，发现幸福指数最高的10个国家中有7个国家位于拉丁美洲，这个民意调查组织调查了148个国家，每个国家测验了大约1千人。因此gallup应为进行这项民意测验调查的组织机构。故答案选b。14which of the following is not included in the united nations human development index?alife expectancy. beducation. cnatural beauty. dper capita income.答案：c细节理解题。根据倒数第三段倒数第二句“. on the united nations human development index, a composite of life expectancy, education and per capita income.”可知，这项指数当中不包含c项内容。故答案选c。15whats the best title of the text?ahappiness does not depend on wealthbhow to live happily?chealth leads to happinessdwhat are the standards to be happy men?答案：a标题概括题。通读全文尤其是最后一段内容可知，本文主要对一项民意测验调查进行了报道说明。测验结果表明，幸福与健康和财富无关。因此，a项适宜作为标题使用。故答案选a。阅读理解 (2013南昌市二模，d)parents say that honesty is the best policy, but they regularly lie to their children as a way of influencing their behavior and emotions, finds new research from the university of toronto and the university of california.surprisingly little has been published on the subject of parental lying, so gail heyman, professor of psychology at the university of california, diem luu, a former student of the university of california, and kang lee, professor at the university toronto, set out to explore the underresearched phenomenon. they asked us participants in two related studies about parents lying to their childreneither for the purpose of promoting appropriate behavior or to make them happy.in one of the studies, many parents reported they told their young children that bad things would happen if they didnt go to bed or eat what they were supposed to. other parents reported inventing magical creatures. one explained, “we told our daughter that if she wrapped up all her pacifiers (橡皮奶嘴) like gifts, the fair would come and give them to the children who needed them.”in the other study, the researchers surveyed college students recollections about their parents lying and obtained similar results: parents often lie to their children even as they tell them that lying is unacceptable.the researchers refer to this practice as “parenting by lying”. “we are surprised by how often parenting by lying takes place，” said lee. though heyman thinks that there are occasions when it is appropriate to be less than truthful with a child, she urges parents to think through the issues and consider alternatives before using lies.“children sometimes behave in ways that are disruptive or are likely to harm their longterm interests，” said heyman. “it is common for them to try out a range of strategies, including lying, to stop them. however, parents should be concerned about the possible longterm negative consequences to childrens beliefs about honesty.”文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。父母常教育孩子要诚实，但他