（安徽卷）高中英语 Unit 21 Human Biology综合检测 北师大版选修7(1).doc

综合检测(三)unit 21human biology(时间：100分钟；满分：120分).单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)1(2013浙江高考)mary worked here as a _ secretary and ended up getting a fulltime job with the company.apessimisticbtemporarycprevious dcautious2nobody can_his rude behavior，and thats why he has no friend.aaccustom bunderstandccover dtolerate3(2013合肥高二检测)on his returning from work he found his house_.arobbing brobbedcstealing dstolen4he is an independent person.he always_any offer of help.adeclines bdeniescrejects drefuses5(2013宿州高二质检)i couldnt do my homework with all that noise_.agoing on bgoes oncwent on dto go on6traffic regulations_people from riding bicycles on the sidewalk.astop bprohibitcprevent dkeep7(2013湖北八市高二调研)history is the best teacher.it _records the development path of each country and foretells the future to us.aapparentlybconventionallycfaithfully deventually8imagine what todays life would be like if alexander bell_the telephone more than 130 years ago!adidnt invent bwouldnt inventchadnt invented dwouldnt have invented9there are still many people suffering a lot，and we are to do something to_poverty.akeep outbwipe outcgive out drun out10smoking leaves sam in poor health.his wife has tried to persuade him to quit smoking，though_.ain truthbin returncin particular din vain11the lucky fans will be picked out_rather than chosen beforehand to perform with the singer during the party.aby accident bon earthcat random don average12father_all the neighbors to dinner at a nearby restaurant to thank them all.asupplied bacceptedctreated dserved13it is very clear that tv programs usually_to the tastes of all age groups.acater bdevoteclead dappeal14did dorice go out last night?yes，but she_at home.her little sister needed her care.amay have stayedbmust have stayedcshould staydought to have stayed15every day my afterschool_is doing my homework and then watching tv until i go to bed at half past ten.aroute broutinecpractice ddrill.完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分)(2013新课标全国卷)i went to a group activity，“sensitivity sunday”，which was to make us more _16_ the problems faced by disabled people.we were asked to “_17_ a disability”for several hours one sunday.some members，_18_，chose to use wheelchairs.others wore soundblocking earplugs(耳塞)or blindfolds(眼罩)just sitting in the wheelchair was a _19_ experience.i had never considered before how _20_ it would be to use one.as soon as i sat down，my _21_ made the chair begin to roll.its wheels were not _22_.then i wondered where to put my _23_.it took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into _24_.i took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of _25_ for several hours.for disabled people，“adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary(临时的)_26_.i tried to find a _27_ position and thought it might be restful，_28_ kind of nice，to be _29_ around for a while.looking around，i _30_ i would have to handle the thing myself！my hands started to ache as i _31_ the heavy metal wheels.i came to know that controlling the _32_ of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n)_33_ task.my wheelchair experiment was soon _34_.it made a deep impression on me.a few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the _35_，both physical and mental，that disabled people must overcome.16a.curious about baware ofcinterested in dcareful with17a.cure badoptcprevent danalyze18a.instead bstrangelycas usual dlike me19a.learning bworkingcsatisfying drelaxing20a.convenient bawkwardcboring dexciting21a.height bforcecskill dweight22a.locked brepairedcpowered dgrasped23a.hands bfeetckeys dhandles24a.place bactioncplay deffect25a.operation bcommunicationctransportation dproduction26a.exploration beducationcexperiment dentertainment27a.flexible bsafecstarting dcomfortable28a.yet bjustcstill deven29a.shown bpushedcdriven dguided30a.realized bsuggestedcagreed dadmitted31a.lifted bturnedcpressed dseized32a.path bpositioncdirection dway33a.easy bheavycmajor dextra34a.forgotten brepeatedcconducted dfinished35a.weaknesses banxietiescchallenges dillnesses.阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)a(2013辽宁高考)here is an astonishing and significant fact: mental work alone cant make us tired.it sounds absurd.but a few years ago，scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue (疲劳)to the amazement of these scientists，they discovered that blood passing through the brain，when it is active，shows no fatigue at all! if we took a drop of blood from a day laborer，we would find it full of fatigue toxins(毒素)and fatigue products.but if we took blood from the brain of an albert einstein，it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.so far as the brain is concerned，it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning.the brain is totally tireless.so what makes us tired?some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional (情感的) attitudes.one of englands most outstanding scientists，j.a.hadfield，says，“the greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin.in fact，fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” dr.brill，a famous american scientist，goes even further.he declares，“one hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”what kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired？joy? satisfaction? no! a feeling of being bored，anger，anxiety，tenseness，worry，a feeling of not being appreciatedthose are the emotions that tire sitting workers.hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue.we get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.36what surprised the scientists a few years ago?afatigue toxins could hardly be found in a laborers blood.balbert einstein didnt feel worn out after a days work.cthe brain could work for many hours without fatigue.da mental workers blood was filled with fatigue toxins.37according to the author，which of the following can make sitting workers tired?achallenging mental work.bunpleasant emotions.cendless tasks.dphysical labor.38whats the authors attitude towards the scientists ideas?ahe agrees with them.bhe doubts them.che argues against them.dhe hesitates to accept them.39we can infer from the passage that in order to stay energetic，sitting workers need to _.ahave some good foodbenjoy their workcexercise regularlyddiscover fatigue toxinsbhonk！squeak!what is that？if youre going through puberty(青春期)，it could be your voice.both boys and girls experience voice changes as they grow older，but girls voices get only a little deeper.a boys voice，on the other hand，may change quite a bitfrom sounding like a little kid to sounding like somebodys dad!how does this happen？the larynx，your voice box，actually gets bigger during puberty.one of its jobs is to let you talk，sing，hum，yell，laugh，and make all sorts of noises.when a boy reaches puberty，his body begins making lots of testosterone(睾丸素)，which causes his larynx to grow and his vocal cords(声带)to get longer and thicker.before puberty，your larynx is pretty small and your vocal cords are kind of small and thin.thats why your voice is higher than an adults.as you go through puberty，the larynx changes.as your body adjusts to this changing equipment，your voice may “crack” or “break”but this process lasts only a few months.not only do older guys and men sound different from boys，but you can also see the difference in their necks.when the larynx grows bigger，part of it sticks out inside the neck.you can see it at the front of the throat.this is known as the adams apple.for girls，the larynx also grows bigger but not as much as in boys, so you cant see it through a girls skin.everyones timetable is different，so some kids voices might start to change earlier and some might start a little later.some voices might drop gradually, while others might drop quickly.if this hasnt happened to you yet，dont worry.and if youre going through this now，try not to stress too much about the funny noises you make.it can help to talk to a parent，or a friend whos already gone through the voice change.before you know it，your voice will sound clear，strong, and more grownup!40whats the text mainly about?afunny noises.bvocal cords.cvoice changes.dthe adams apple.41an adults voice is lower than a childs because the adult_.adoesnt reach his pubertybhas longer and thicker vocal cordscis going through his pubertydhas something wrong with his throat42who has “the adams apple”？aboys. bgirls.cmen. dwomen.43what does the writer think of voice changes?anatural. bfunny.cunpleasant. dinteresting.csome obese children and adults who eat excessively (过度地) may be missing a gene for a brain chemical involved in controlling appetite，according to a study. low levels of the chemical are also linked to longterm memory loss and difficulties in sensing pain.researchers at the national institutes of health examined 33 children and adults with a rare condition in which groups of genes have been deleted. called wagr syndrome，the genetic aberration (反常现象) is found in about 250 people in the usa. half of the people studied lacked one of two genes, for a brain chemical called brainderived neurotropic factor(bdnf). the ones missing the gene had low blood levels of the chemical. by age 10, all of those missing the gene were obese and reported a strong tendency to overeat. those who had two working copies of the bdnf gene were no more likely to be obese in childhood or to report unusually high levels of overeating than the general population.scientists suspected that people within the group had abnormalities with the gene, and they believed a larger segment (部分) of the population had the same problem.the missing gene may explain why some people cant seem to control their eating or lose weight, says jack yanovski, head of the unit on growth and obesity at nihs eunice kennedy shriver national institute of child health and human development.“we suspect that bdnf has important issues in many parts of the brain，including memory and ability to sense pain，” he says.yanovski says the brain chemical works in combination with other chemicals in the body, including the hormone leptin (瘦蛋白), to regulate appetite and body weight. more research needs to be done so scientists can develop obesity drugs to treat people who dont make enough bdnf，he says. “bdnf is just a small part of the puzzle explaining why some folks have trouble maintaining a normal weight.” 44bdnf is a kind of chemical which lies in the_.ablood bhormonecbrain ddiet45according to the passage，the role of the bdnf gene is to_.aimprove peoples ability of memorybcontrol peoples desire to eatcmake people become sensitive to paindhelp people lose weight quickly46scientists study bdnf in order to_.amake medicine to cure overweight peoplebexplain why people have the sense of hungerckeep people from suffering from high blood pressuredcontrol the activity of brains of overweight people47whats the main idea of this passage?amissing genes may hurt appetite control.boverweight people eat too much junk food.cyour weight is decided by your genes.dones appetite leads to ones weight.dchristmas in australia is often very hot.while the northern hemisphere is in the middle of winter.australians are baking in summer heat.the temperature usually reaches 30 degrees celsius.a traditional meal includes a turkey dinner，with ham and pork.a flaming christmas plum pudding is added for dessert.in the australian gold rushes，christmas puddings often contained a gold nugget.today a small favor is baked inside.whoever finds this knows she/he will enjoy good luck.another treat is mince pies.some australians and particularly tourists often have their christmas dinner at midday on a local beach.bondi beach in sydneys eastern suburbs attracts thousands of people on christmas day.other families enjoy their day by having a picnic.if they are at home，the day is punctuated by swimming in a pool，playing cricket and other outdoor activities.the warm weather allows australians to enjoy a tradition which started in 1937.carols by candlelight is held every year on christmas eve，where tens of thousands of people gather in the city of melbourne to sing their favorite christmas songs.the evening is lit by many candles with people singing under a clean but night sky.the sky with its southern cross stars is like a mirror.sydney and the other capital cities also enjoy carols in the weeks leading up to christmas.australians surround themselves with christmas bush，a native plant which has little red flowered leaves.48it is usual to have a hot christmas in australia because_.athe country is in the northern hemispherebpeople go shopping in shorts and tshirtscthe festival is not in winter but in summerdsanta claus is on a surfboard on many beaches49according to the passage，_is not included in christmas meals in australia.ahambporkcturkey dpumpkin50it seems that people can enjoy carols by candlelight because of_.athe warm weatherbthe christmas bushcthe activities at daytimedthe southern cross stars51whats the best title of this passage?asydneys eastern suburbs.bchristmas meals in australia.cchristmas in australia.dchristmas shopping in australia.ehe was no scholar, and his classmates made fun of him. rather than read, the kid really preferred running around with an 8mm camera, shooting homemade movies of wrecks (残骸) of his lionel train set, which he showed to friends for a small fee.in his second year of high school, he dropped out. but when his parents persuaded him to return, he was placed in a learningdisabled class. he lasted one month. only when the family moved to another town did he land in a more suitable high school, where he eventually graduated.after being denied entrance into a traditional filmmaking school, steven spielberg enrolled in english at california state college at long beach. then in 1965, one of those important moments, his life took a complete turn.visiting universal studios, he met chuck silvers, an executive in the editorial department. silvers liked the kid who made 8mm films and invited him back sometime to visit.he appeared the next day. dressed in a dark suit and tie, carrying his fathers briefcase with nothing inside but a sandwich and candy bars spielberg strode (跨步) confidently up to the guard at the gate of universal and gave him a casual wave. the guard waved back. he was in.“for the entire summer，” spielberg remembers, “i dressed in my suit and hung out with the directors and writers including silvers, who knew the kid wasnt a studio employee, but pretended he didnt notice that. i even found an office that wasnt being used, and became a host without permission. i bought some plastic tiles and put my name in the building directory: steven spielberg, room 23c.it paid off for everyone. ten years later, the 28yearold spielberg directed jaws, which took in $470 million, then the highestgrossing movie of all time. dozens of films and awards have followed because steven spielberg knew what his teachers didnttalent is in the eyes of the filmmaker.52what might be the reason for spielbergs being placed in a learningdisabled class?abecause he performed poorly in studies.bbecause his parents advised him to do that.cbecause he wanted to break away from his former class.dbecause he planned to prove his advantages over others.53after spielberg graduated from high school, he wanted to_.astudy at california state collegeblearn to make filmscwork at universal studiosdmake films on his own54silvers helped spielberg probably because_.ahe was spielbergs fathers friendbspielbergs talent and passion for filming moved himche hoped to find a good employee for universal studiosdhe was sure spielberg would become a great director one day55the text mainly tends to tell readers_.awell begun is half doneball good things come to an endca still tongue makes a wise minddhard work and sacrifice equals reward.任务型读写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)greeting other people is the first and most important social event in our lives.parents greet their children as soon as they are born，and its not long before babies know who is who among the people in their everyday lives.after only a few months，babies work out systems of greeting people they know and those who are unfamiliar.have you ever seen a fourmonthold baby staring at you？have you smiled and said“hello”to the baby？then have you watched the babys little frown as it realizes that it does not know you？either the baby will begin to make strange noises and cling to its caregiver，or it will jerk its head in such a way that its whole body moves，and smile at you.the baby has learned to greet people and to respond t