（课标卷）高中英语 Unit 1　A land of diversity综合检测（含答案分析）新人教教版选修8.doc

a land of diversity(时间：100分钟；满分：120分).单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)1after the company _ its rules and regulations，we find the business is really taking off.ainformedbreformedcrestrained drecovered2(2013鞍山高二调研)the _ of school leavers that go to university is about fifty percent.adegree bpercentageclevel dstandard3the actress played _ a very old woman，but in fact she is only a little over forty.aapparently bevidentlycobviously dsurely4that day the road was very icy.when i was approaching the school，i _ and fell.ajumpedbslippedcrandrushed5the agreement the two companies reached yesterday indicated that they would _ again.alook up bturn up cteam up dpick up6(2013承德高二质检)you can find a camping shop in the town that has tents for _ at d|s10 a week.ahire bsale cemploy drepair7if you can look through the text before class，you will find it easy to _ what the teacher teaches.atake up btake onctake in dtake off8_ the students in our school want to go abroad to study further in future. aa good many ba great many ofca great deal of da lot of9although his number one choice is harvard，jack _ to several universities after he graduated from high school.agot badjustedcstuck dapplied10(2013重庆沙区5月模拟)in view of the global financial crisis，every possible means _ to stimulate the economic development in china.ahave tried bhave been triedchas tried dhas been tried11(2013新课标全国卷)police have found _ appears to be the lost ancient statue.awhich bwhere chow dwhat12may i borrow your paper?_.aby all means bnever mindcyou are welcome ddont mention it13one reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.athat bhow cwhat dwhy14even though she was supposed to live for only seventeen years，she has _ until now healthily.acalled on bmoved onclooked on dlived on15the digging will seem easier if you divide up the garden by marking _ small sections with your spade(铲子)adown bup cout dwith.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)jaime alfonso escalante was considered one of the best teachers in the united states.he was born in 1930 in _16_.both his parents were teachers.he _17_ math and science in his home country for 12 years.in the 1960s，jaime escalante and his wife fabiola came to the united states._18_ the next several years，he learned to speak english and _19_ his college education and teacher _20_.in 1974，mr.escalante was _21_ at garfield high school to teach mathematics.the school was in a poor area of los angeles，california.many of the students had _22_ problems with illegal drugs，gangs and _23_.the school was _24_ losing its official approval(批准，认可) to _25_.mr.escalantes students were _26_ mexicanamericans from a spanishspeaking area of the city.many were the worst students at the school and thought to be “unteachable”but mr.escalante _27_ the group to work hard.he told them basic math was too easy and that they had the _28_ to do harder work.jaime escalante started an advanced math _29_ with a small group of students.in 1982,18 of his students took the advanced placement test(跳级考试) and they all _30_.mr.escalantes students went on to become engineers，scientists and university professors.the advanced math program at garfield became extremely successful over the next several years.jaime escalante received many teaching _31_ including the presidential medal of excellence in education.a movie about his success，stand and deliver，was _32_ in 1988.it _33_ other teachers to use his _34_.jaime escalante _35_ teaching in 1998 and later moved back to bolivia with his wife.he died earlier last year.he was 79 years old.16a.the united statesbboliviacmexico dspain17a.learned bmajoredctaught dresearched18a.between bamongcduring dafter19a.repeated bcompletedcfurthered dcontinued20a.profession bemploymentctraining dapplication21a.admitted binvitedcallowed dhired22a.physical bpsychologicalcserious deconomic23a.value bviolencecintelligence dloneliness24a.in case of bin charge ofcin honor of din danger of25a.manage boperatecorganize dattend26a.mostly bexactlycappropriately dnormally27a.suggested bpushedchoped dsupposed28a.talent babilitycright dopportunity29a.program blessoncresearch dcompetition30a.failed bcompletedcpassed dsatisfied31a.fames bawardscrewards dachievements32a.sold bpublishedcreleased dcomposed33a.expected bmotivatedcimpressed dinfluenced34a.attitude bmoralitycability dmethods35a.recovered from breturned fromcretired from dresigned from.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)a(2013江西高考改编)the light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of denniss swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones. it was a strange place. martin and tom wished that they had not accepted jacks dare.they liked camping，but not near this swamp.“so，” martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. “how did this place get its name？”“are you sure you want to hear it? its a scary story，”warned jack.“of course！” cried out tom. “if there were anything to be scared of，you wouldnt have chosen this place！”“ok，but dont say i didnt warn you，” said jack, and he began his tale.“way back in time, a man called dennis tried to start a farm here. he built that cottage over there to live in. in those days, the area looked quite differentit was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystalclear river. after three hard years, dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. he was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice.”“you are clearing too much land， warned one old man. the land is a living thing. it will hit back at you if you abuse it.”“silly fool， said dennis to himself.if i clear more land，i can grow more crops.ill become wealthier.hes just jealous！”“dennis continued to chop down trees. small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. he was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. he did not notice salt seeping to the surface of the land. he did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants.”“what happened？”martin asked.it was growing colder.he trembled，twisting his body closer to the fire.“the land hit backjust as the old man warned，”jack shrugged. “dennis disappeared. old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. his body was never found.”“what a stupid story，” laughed tom. “plants cant.” before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted(晕倒). the other two boys jumped up with fright，staring at tom. suddenly, they burst out laughing. some green swamp ivy(常春藤) had covered toms face. it was a while before tom could appreciate the joke.36the underlined word “dare” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to_.acourage bassistancecinstruction dchallenge37why did jack tell tom and martin the story?ato frighten them.bto satisfy their curiosity.cto warn them of the danger of the place.dto persuade them to camp in the swamp.38why did tom scream and faint?ahe saw denniss shadow.bhe was scared by a plant.chis friend played a joke on him.dthe weather became extremely cold.39what lesson can we learn from the story of dennis?agrasp all, lose all.bno sweat, no sweet.cit is no use crying over spilt milk.dhe who makes no mistakes makes nothing.bfarmers are being told more needs to be done to stop them injuring at work.one in five british workplace deaths happens in agriculture even though farmers are only a small part of the working population.during the year 2010/11 there were 1,061 injuries in total and it is thought many more go unreported.jim chapman from warwickshire had his arm torn off by farm machinery seven years ago when he was 23.“you dont realize how much you rely on your second arm until its gone，”he said.he fell against a pto shaft(传动轴)，a spinning metal bar at the back of a tractor.“it catapulted(猛力掷出) me from one side of the machine to the other，”he said.“i landed on the floor，minus all my clothing.my left arm had been ripped off.”he admits that the machinery was missing part of its proper safety guard.“but again，”he added，“it was a rushed day.there were a few machines that didnt work.also，i was getting behind with the jobs.”over the last 10 years，other industries that youd think of as dangerous，like building or quarrying(矿采)，have lowered the number of workplace deaths and injuries.in the farming industry though，deaths remain high with 34 deaths in 2010/11.judith hackitt，the chair of the health and safety executive(hse) says it is “not acceptable” that the accident statistics for farming are still high.“people in farming dont have minor(较小的) injuries.when they get injured，its bad.”she said.“when i said to the national farmers union(nfu) that if i had sons i would not want them to work in agriculture，it really made them sit up and take notice.”theres a whole host of reasons why farming is as dangerous as it is.it is a very rough industry.also，its often because people are left alone.they could be young and inexperienced，or older people，who would have retired maybe 5 or 10 years ago in other industries.jim wants others to learn from his experience.“look at what youre doing before you go running in，”he said.“you could make a mistake that youll live with for the rest of your life.”40jim chapman was injured in the workplace mainly because _.ahe crossed the machinerybthe safety guard of the machinery was goneche was standing at the back of the tractordhe didnt notice the pto shaft41judith thought _ were (was) not acceptable.athe injuries of farmersbthe high deaths for farmingcher sons hope to work in agriculturedfarmers retiring 5 or 10 years later42from the whole text，we can see that jim feels _.aregretful bangrycshocked dconfusedcour culture has caused most americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone.we do not realize that waving goodbye is the way to summon a person from the philippines to ones side，or that in italy and some latinamerican countries，curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying germany after world war and marked them gift to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that“gift” means poison in german.moreover，we like to think of ourselves as friendly，yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arms length away from others.latins and middle easterners like to come closer and touch，which makes americans uncomfortable.our linguistic(语言的)and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes，gestures，customs and languages of other countries，are losing our friends，business and respect in the world.even here in the united states，we make few concessions(让步) to the needs of foreign visitors.there are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments；we do not have multilingual (多语的) guided tours.very few restaurant menus have translations，and multilingual waiters，bank clerks and policemen are rare.our transportation systems have maps in english only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.when we go abroad，we tend to stay in hotels and restaurants where english is spoken.the attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those nativesusually the richerwho speak english.our business dealings，as well as the nations diplomacy (外交)，are conducted through interpreters.for many years，america and americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance.after all，america was the most powerful country of the free world，the distributor(分发者)of needed funds and goods.but all that is past.american dollars no longer buy all good things，and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing.a 1979 harris poll reported that 55 percent of americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century，even though it may not always be the upper hand.43it can be inferred that americans being approached too closely by middle easterners would most probably_.astand still bjump asidecstep forward ddraw back44in countries other than their own，most americans _.aare isolated by the local peoplebare not well informed due to the language barrierctend to get along well with the nativesdneed interpreters in hotels and restaurants45according to the author，americans cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will_.aaffect their image in the new erabcut themselves off from the outside worldclimit their role in world affairsdweaken the position of the us dollar46the author intends to make americans realize that it is _.adangerous to ignore their foreign friendsbimportant to maintain their leading role in world affairscnecessary to use several languages in public placesdtime to get familiar with other culturesdwere in the middle of winter.its cold and were suffering from cold wind and rain.the sun，even when it does show its face，is setting at 4 pm.its no wonder people in the street look sad.but according to most of the research on the connection between weather and mood(情绪)，they shouldnt be.weather has little effect on mood.when you tell people this，though，they dont believe it.most of us think the weather has quite a strong effect on our mood.many think that the rain and cold weather dejects us and the sun and warmth cheers us up.so why dont we see this effect in the research？thats the question a new study by klimstra et al.tries to answer with a group of young people and their mothers.in fact，klimstra et al.found four different groups：1unaffected：about half the people in their study fell into this group.for these people it didnt matter that much whether it was raining or sunny，hot or cold，their mood was mostly unaffected.2summer lovers：heres the group youd expect.for these people，their mood improved with less rain，more sun and higher temperatures(15% of young people and 30% of their mothers)3summer haters：heres the group of people you hear less about.these were the exact opposite of the summer lovers so they were happier when there was more rain，less sun and lower temperatures (27% of the young people and 12% of their mothers)4rain haters：this groups mood didnt change with the temperature，sunshine or the wind；they just hated the rain(8% of young people and 12% of their mothers)this helps explain why studies keep finding that weather doesnt have much effect on mood：its because were different and these differences are mostly being averaged out.47. its found in the study that _. aweather has a strong effect on moodbcold wind and rain makes us look sadcthe sun and warmth cheers us updmood is little affected by weather48. in which group people like dry and hot weather?aunaffected. bsummer lovers.csummer haters. drain haters.49from the four different groups we can learn _.aabout half the people belong to summer loversbmore than one third of the people are summer haterscfew of young people and their mothers like the raindmore young people are unaffected than rain haters50what is the best title for the passage?adoes the weather really affect your mood?bwhy do people feel sad in cold winter?chow many different groups are there?ddo different people have different mood?.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)(2013新课标全国卷)business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.the word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)that is，they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.51._ commonly called nonprofits，these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.52._business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning，direction，and control of the operations of a business.53._ one is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production；sales；the purchase of equipment，materials and supplies；and accounting.54._ the third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.direction is concerned primarily with supervision (监管) and guidance by the management in authority.55._acontrol includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.bin this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.cexamples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.dhowever，some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.eplanning in business management has three main aspects.fin the theory of business management，organization has two main aspects.gthe second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)dear lucy，thanks for your letter.i might get u